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Rinorea squamata

Overview

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Near Threatened

Threat status

Interesting Facts

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Description

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Family Violaceae

Herbs annual or perennial , shrubs , or subshrubs , sometimes scandent , rarely small trees . Leaves simple , usually alternate, sometimes opposite, with small or leaflike stipules, petiolate , margin entire, serrate, or dissected . Flowers bisexual or unisexual , rarely polygamous, actinomorphic or zygomorphic, solitary or in axillary or terminal , spicate , paniculate , or racemose inflorescences, 2-bracteolate, sometimes cleistogamous . Sepals 5, equal or unequal, imbricate, persistent . Petals 5, imbricate or convolute, unequal, anterior one usually larger than others, saccate , gibbous or spurred at base . Stamens 5; anthers erect , free or connivent or connate , connectives often dilated into membranous appendages ; filaments very short or absent, anterior 2 stamens with spurlike nectary at base. Ovary superior, 1-loculed, 3-5-carpelled, syncarpous , with 3-5 parietal placentae each with 1 to many anatropous ovules ; style simple; stigmas variously shaped. Fruit a loculicidal capsule, usually with elastic and abaxially carinate valves , rarely baccate . Seeds often carunculate; testa hard, nitid , often with oily bodies, sometimes alate ; endosperm copious , fleshy ; embryo erect.

Twenty-two genera and 900-1000 species: worldwide, but particularly in tropical regions ; three genera and 101 species (36 endemic, three introduced ) in China.[1]

Genus Rinorea

Shrubs or small trees . Leaves alternate, rarely opposite, margin entire or serrate; stipules deciduous. Inflorescences axillary or terminal , racemose, paniculate , or sometimes cymose , rarely flowers solitary. Flowers bisexual , actinomorphic , small. Sepals subequal , leathery. Petals equal or subequal, not spurred . Filaments free or ± connate , inserted inside at top of disk; connectives dilated abaxially from base or from apex into thin, scarious appendages exceeding anthers . Disk circular, slightly 5-lobed. Ovary ovoid , with few or numerous ovules; styles erect ; stigmas terminal, not divided . Capsule usually 3-valved, rarely 2-valved. Seeds few, ellipsoid , glabrous or pubescent .

About 340 species: tropical Africa, tropical America, and tropical Asia; four species (one endemic) in China.[2]

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 1,412 meters (0 to 4,633 feet).[3]

Ecology: This understorey species occurs in primary or disturbed lowland to submontane rainforest. It is also found in forest/pasture margins . [4].

Taxonomy

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Notes

Publishing author : S.F.Blake Publication : Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 20: 516 1924

Similar Species

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Members of the genus Rinorea

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 0 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

More Info

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Further Reading

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Notes

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Contributors

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal March 17, 2008:

Identifiers

Footnotes

  1. Yousheng Chen, Qiner Yang, Hideaki Ohba & Vladimir V. Nikitin "Violaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 13 Page 72, 138. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
  2. "Rinorea". in Flora of China Vol. 13 Page 72. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
  3. Mean = 113.830 meters (373.458 feet), Standard Deviation = 728.030 based on 258 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]
  4. World Conservation Monitoring Centre 1998. Rinorea squamata. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 04 February 2012. [back]
Last Revised: 7/21/2012