Parashorea malaanonan

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Critically Endangered

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Description

Family Dipterocarpaceae

Trees , evergreen or semievergreen, rarely deciduous in dry season . Xylem with aromatic resin in intercellular resin canals. Branchlets with stipular scars , sometimes annular . Leaves simple , alternate; stipules persistent or caducous , large or small; leaf blade with lateral veins pinnate, margin entire or sinuate-crenate. Inflorescences few- or many-flowered, terminal or axillary racemes or panicles; flowers usually sweetly scented; bracts usually fugacious and minute, rarely persistent and large. Inflorescences, calyces, petals, ovary, and other parts usually with stellate , squamate , fascicled or free-standing hairs . Flowers bisexual , actinomorphic , contorted. Calyx lobes 5, free or united at base , imbricate in bud if not united. Petals 5, adnate or connate at base. Stamens (10-) 15 to many, free from or connate to petals; filaments usually dilated at base; anthers 2-celled, with 2 pollen sacs per cell (Chinese species) ; connective appendages aristate , filiform or stout. Ovary superior, rarely semi-inferior, slightly immersed in torus, usually 3-loculed, each locule 2-, rarely many ovuled; ovules pendulous, lateral or anatropous . Fruit usually nutlike, sometimes capsular and 3-valved, 1(to many) -seeded, with persistent, variously accrescent calyx of which 2 or more lobes are usually developed into lorate wings . Seed exalbuminous ; cotyledons fleshy , equal or unequal, applanate or folded or cerebriform , entire or laciniate ; radicle directed toward hilum , usually included between cotyledons.

About 17 genera and 550 species: tropical Africa, Asia, and South America (in Asia, most species and genera in NW Borneo) ; five genera and 12 species (one endemic, one introduced ) in China.[1]

Genus Parashorea

Trees evergreen , large, with stout buttresses. Bark fissured , shallowly flaky , grayish mauve-brown, with small but prominent white lenticels at base of fissures and on buttress crowns. Stipules lanceolate, persisting in juveniles; leaf blade oblong to lanceolate. Inflorescence racemose. Flowers and fruit as in Shorea, but flower sepals narrowly lanceolate, imbricate at base only; petals falling separately. Stamens 15; filaments short, dilated ; pollen sacs narrowly oblong, glabrous ; connective appendages short or columnar , relatively stout. Ovary ovoid , small, pubescent ; style filiform , long. Fruit sepals subequal , with narrow thickened base often becoming valvate in fully ripe fruit, narrowly winglike, long; nut globose or ellipsoid .

Fourteen species: Cambodia, China, W Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, S Myanmar, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam; one species in China.[2]

Habitat

Biome: Terrestrial [3].

Ecology: A very large dipterocarp tree of lowland primary forest .[3].

Taxonomy

Notes

Publishing author : Merr. Publication : Sp. Blancoanae 271 (1918).

Similar Species

Members of the genus Parashorea

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 6 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

P. densiflora (White Seraya) · P. globosa (White Seraya) · P. lucida (White Meranti) · P. macrophylla (White Lauan) · P. malaanonan (White Lauan) · P. stellata (White Seraya)

More Info

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Further Reading

• An enumeration of Philippine flowering plants, Manila, Bureau of Printing, 1922-26. url p. 100.
• Bulletin of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. [Washington, D.C.?]: Supt. of Docs., G.P.O., 1913-1923. url p. 11.
• Check-list of the species of fishes known from the Philippine Archipelago, Manila, Bureau of printing, 1910. url p. 123, p. 125, p. 14, p. 153, p. 154, p. 155, p. 156, p. 160, p. 161, p. 166, p. 22, p. 230, p. 244, p. 271, p. 31, p. 33, p. 358, p. 372, p. 374, p. 40, p. 429, p. 430, p. 433, p. 46, p. 54, p. 55, p. 59, p. 61, p. 63, p. 64, p. 69, p. 70, p. 72, p. 73, p. 74, p. 77, p. 8, p. 90.
• Flora Malesiana. general editor, C.G.G.J. van Steenis. Djakarta: Noordhoff-Kolff, 1950- url p. 26, p. 288, p. 383, p. 384, p. 385, p. 387.
• Journal of forestry. Washington: Society of American Foresters, 1917- url p. 104.
• Minor products of Philippine forests, Manila, Bureau of Printing, 1920-1921. url .
• Naturalist's guide to the Americas, prepared by the Committee on the Preservation of Natural Conditions of the Ecological Society of America, with assistance from numerous organizations and individuals, assembled and edited by chairman, Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins, 1926. url p. 715, p. 715.
• Philippine resins, gums, seed oils, and essential oils. By Augustus P. West. .. and William H. Brown. .. Manila, Bureau of printing, 1920. url p. 228, p. 50.
• Pre-project study on the conservation status of tropical timbers in trade. Final report to International Tropical Timber Organization. Vol 1 ITTO url p. 173, p. 184, p. 185, p. 50.
• The Philippine journal of science. 22 1923 Manila. url , plate 2, plate 22, p. 293, p. 294, p. 294, p. 300, p. 301, p. 315, p. 317, p. 328, p. 329, p. 330, p. 331, p. 341, p. 342, p. 343, p. 390, plate 6, plate 7, p. 7, plate 8.
• The World List of Threatened Trees WCMC, IUCN url p. 409.
• Tong Shaoquan & Tao Gouda. 1990. Dipterocarpaceae. In: Li Hsiwen, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 50(2): 113-131.

Notes

Contributors

• Ashton, P. 1998. Parashorea malaanonan. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloadedon 03February2012.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 16, 2012.
• IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. . Downloaded on January 28, 2012.

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 5879258
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:321143-1
• International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 321143-1
• IUCN ID: 230227
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 1021296

Footnotes

1. Xi-wen Li, Jie Li & Peter S. Ashton "Dipterocarpaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 13 Page 48. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. "Parashorea". in Flora of China Vol. 13 Page 48, 51. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
3. Ashton, P. 1998. Parashorea malaanonan. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 03 February 2012. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.