Overview
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Vulnerable |
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Interesting Facts
Common Names
Common Names in English:
Maltese Toadflax
Description
Genus Linaria
Herbs, annual
or perennial
. Leaves alternate, opposite, or whorled
, often sessile; veins 1 or several and campylodromous
. Inflorescences spicate
, racemose, or rarely capitate. Calyx 5-lobed almost to base
. Corolla tube
tubular
, base spurred; limb 2-lipped; lower lip convex
, dilated
toward center of upper lip, almost closed
at throat
, and making corolla personate
, 3-lobed, densely glandular
hairy
; upper lip erect, 2-lobed. Stamens 4, anterior 2 longer
; anthers
anterior and posterior connivent in 2 pairs, locules parallel, divergent after dehiscence. Stigma apex often emarginate
. Capsule ovoid
or globose
, apically dehiscing by irregular pores
, valves
irregular. Seeds numerous
, flattened, often disclike with a broadly winged
margin
, rarely 3-angled and wingless or reniform
and with a thickened margin.
About 100 species: northern temperate
zones, mainly in Asia and Europe; ten species in China.[1]
Habitat
Biome: Terrestrial [2].
Ecology:
Linaria pseudolaxiflora
is an annual
plant that lives on rocky soils, and coastal rocks including
cliff-tops, maritime garrigue, limestone slabs in pavings, old walls,
abandoned rural buildings and fortifications
. It grows in shallow
calcareous
soils as well as on volcanic rocks as in the island of
Linosa (Commission
of the European Communities 2009).[2].
List of Habitats
:
- 6 Rocky areas (eg. inland cliffs , mountain peaks)
- 13 Marine Coastal/Supratidal
- 13.1 Marine Coastal/Supratidal - Sea Cliffs and Rocky Offshore Islands [more info]
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
)
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
)
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
)
- Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
)
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
)
- Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Class:
Spermatopsida
(
)
- Brongniart, 1843
- Subclass:
Asteridae
(
)
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder:
Lamianae
(
)
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Order:
Lamiales
(
)
- Bromhead, 1838
- Family:
Plantaginaceae
(
)
- A.L. de Jussieu, 1789, nom. cons.
- Subfamily:
Antirrhinoideae
(
)
- Tribe:
Antirrhineae
(
)
- Genus:
Linaria
(
)
- P. Miller, 1754
- Toadflax
- Specific epithet:
pseudolaxiflora
- Lojac.
- Botanical name: - Linaria pseudolaxiflora Lojac.
- Specific epithet:
pseudolaxiflora
- Lojac.
- Genus:
Linaria
(
- Tribe:
Antirrhineae
(
- Subfamily:
Antirrhinoideae
(
- Family:
Plantaginaceae
(
- Order:
Lamiales
(
- Superorder:
Lamianae
(
- Subclass:
Asteridae
(
- Class:
Spermatopsida
(
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Notes
A tentatively accepted name in the RHS Horticultural Database.
Similar Species
Members of the genus Linaria
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 33 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:
L. aeruginea (Linaria) · L. alpina (Alpen-Leinkraut) · L. alpina alpina (Alpine Toadflax) · L. angustissima (Italian Toadflax) · L. bipartita (Clovenlip Toadflax) · L. bipartita linogrisea (Cloven-Lip Toadflax) · L. dalmatica (Dalmatian Toadflax) · L. dalmatica dalmatica (Dalmatian Toadflax) · L. dalmatica macedonica (Dalmatian Toadflax) · L. dalmatica subsp. macedonica (Dalmation Toadflax) · L. genistifolia (Broom-Leaf Toadflax) · L. incarnata (Crimson Toadflax) · L. maroccana (Baby Snapdragon) · L. maroccana 'Confetti' (Baby Snapdragon) · L. maroccana 'Dwarf Fairy Bouquet Mix' (Baby Snapdragon) · L. maroccana 'Fantasy' (Dwarf Baby Snapdragon) · L. nevadensis 'Gemstones' (Linaria) · L. nevadensis 'Grenada Sol' (Linaria) · L. pelisseriana (Pelissers Toadflax) · L. pinifolia (Pineneedle Toadflax) · L. pseudolaxiflora (Maltese Toadflax) · L. purpurea (Perennial Toadflax) · L. purpurea 'Alba' (Perennial Toadflax) · L. purpurea 'Canon J. Went' (Canon J. Went Perennial Toadflax) · L. repens (Pale Toadflax) · L. reticulata (Purple-Net Toadflax) · L. reticulata 'Flamenco' (Spurred Snapdragon) · L. reticulata 'Flaming Passion' (Spurred Snapdragon) · L. sepium (Toadflax) · L. spartea (Ballast Toadflax) · L. supina (Lesser Butter and Eggs) · L. triornithophora (Three Bird Toadflax) · L. vulgaris (Butter and Eggs)
More Info
- Search for Pictures: images.google.com
- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
- Commission of the European Communities. 2009. Composite Report on the Conservation Status of Habitat Types and Species as required under Article 17 of the Habitats Directive. Report from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament. Brussels.
- Euro+Med Plantbase. 2006-2010. Euro+Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Berlin Available at: http://ww2.bgbm.org/EuroPlusMed/.
- IUCN. 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (ver. 2011.1). Available at: http://www.iucnredlist.org. (Accessed: 16 June 2011).
- Tsoong Puchiu & Yang Hanbi, eds. 1979. Scrophulariaceae (1). Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 67(2): 1-431. Tsoong Puchiu, ed. 1963. Scrophulariaceae (2). Fl. Reipulb. Popularis Sin. 68: 1-449.
Notes
Contributors
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.
- Gargano, D. & Montagnani, C. 2011. Linaria pseudolaxiflora. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloadedon 01February2012.
- IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. . Downloaded on January 28, 2012.
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 5943441
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 16470788
- IUCN ID: 219636
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 2313054
Footnotes
- "Linaria". in Flora of China Vol. 18 Page 49. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
- Gargano, D. & Montagnani, C. 2011. Linaria pseudolaxiflora. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 01 February 2012. [back]
