Dipterocarpus zeylanicus

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Description
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Endangered

Interesting Facts

Description

Family Dipterocarpaceae

Trees , evergreen or semievergreen, rarely deciduous in dry season . Xylem with aromatic resin in intercellular resin canals. Branchlets with stipular scars , sometimes annular . Leaves simple , alternate; stipules persistent or caducous , large or small; leaf blade with lateral veins pinnate, margin entire or sinuate-crenate. Inflorescences few- or many-flowered, terminal or axillary racemes or panicles; flowers usually sweetly scented; bracts usually fugacious and minute, rarely persistent and large. Inflorescences, calyces, petals, ovary, and other parts usually with stellate , squamate , fascicled or free-standing hairs . Flowers bisexual , actinomorphic , contorted. Calyx lobes 5, free or united at base , imbricate in bud if not united. Petals 5, adnate or connate at base. Stamens (10-) 15 to many, free from or connate to petals; filaments usually dilated at base; anthers 2-celled, with 2 pollen sacs per cell (Chinese species) ; connective appendages aristate , filiform or stout. Ovary superior, rarely semi-inferior, slightly immersed in torus, usually 3-loculed, each locule 2-, rarely many ovuled; ovules pendulous, lateral or anatropous . Fruit usually nutlike, sometimes capsular and 3-valved, 1(to many) -seeded, with persistent, variously accrescent calyx of which 2 or more lobes are usually developed into lorate wings . Seed exalbuminous ; cotyledons fleshy , equal or unequal, applanate or folded or cerebriform , entire or laciniate ; radicle directed toward hilum , usually included between cotyledons.

About 17 genera and 550 species: tropical Africa, Asia, and South America (in Asia, most species and genera in NW Borneo) ; five genera and 12 species (one endemic, one introduced ) in China.[1]

Genus Dipterocarpus

Trees , lofty, emergent, with grayish brown to orange flaky , prominently lenticellate bark and aromatic oily white resin, with stout buttresses. Stipules large, enclosing terminal bud, finally caducous and leaving an annular scar ; leaf blade leathery, plicate in bud and ± corrugate when opened; lateral veins pinnate, straight; tertiary veins subscalariform, conspicuous , margin entire or sinuate-crenate. Raceme 3-9-flowered, hardly branched. Flowers large, sweetly scented. Calyx with urceolate or cup-shaped free basal tube ; sepals valvate , unequal. Petals white or with a reddish median stripe , pubescent or stellate pubescent especially on parts exposed in bud. Anthers yellow, linear , equivalved; connective appendages aristate or filiform . Ovary narrowly ovoid , pubescent; style filiform; stigma slightly dilated . Fruit nutlike, enclosed in accrescent calyx tube; winglike calyx lobes 2, erect . Seed adnate to base of pericarp; cotyledons large, thick, unequal; radicle inconspicuous.

About 70 species: Cambodia, China, India, W Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Vietnam; two species (one introduced ) in China.[2]

Habitat

Biome: Terrestrial [3].

Ecology: A canopy tree scattered in restricted areas of lowland wet evergreen forest . It is also found as an emergent in semi-evergreen moist forest. [3].

Taxonomy

Notes

Publishing author : Thwaites Publication : Enum. Pl. Zeyl. (Thwaites) 33.

Similar Species

Members of the genus Dipterocarpus

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 0 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

More Info

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Further Reading

• 1997 IUCN red list of threatened plants Cambridge: IUCN, World Conservation Union, 1998 url p. 236.
• A hand-book to the flora of Ceylon: containing descriptions of all the species of flowering plants indigenous to the island, and notes on their history, distribution, and uses: with an atlas of plates illustrating some of the more inte by Henry Trimen. 1893 London: Dulau, 1893-1931. url explanation of the plates , p. 114, p. 358, p. 359, p. 475.
• A history of the birds of Ceylon / London: Published by the author, 1880 [i.e. 1878-1880] url p. 160.
• A manual of Indian timbers: an account of the structure, growth, distribution, and qualities of Indian woods. CalcuttaOffice of the Superintendent of Govt. Printing1881 url p. 33.
• An illustrated dictionary of medicine, biology and allied sciences. .. by George M. Gould. 5th ed., with additions and corrections. PhiladelphiaP. Blakiston's Son1907 url p. 378.
• Annals of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Peradeniya. Colombo: Skien; 1901-1924. url p. 543, p. 86.
• Biosphere Reserves, Compilation 4, October 1986: programme on man and the biosphere (MAB) IUCN Conservation Monitoring Centre url p. 356.
• Great Basin naturalist memoirs. 1992 [Provo, Utah]Brigham Young University, 1976-1992. url p. 1274, p. 667.
• IUCN Directory of South Asian Protected Areas IUCN url p. 251, p. 285.
• Notes on the utilization of forests, being a course of lectures delivered at the Imperial Forest School, Dehra Dun, India. Roorkee, Printed at the Thomason Civil Engineering College Press, 1891. url .
• Pharmacographia: a history of the principal drugs of vegetable origin met with in Great Britain and British India / by Friedrich A. Flückiger and Daniel Hanbury. London: Macmillan, 1879. url p. 88.
• Spolia zeylanica. S.l.: s.n. url .
• Stray feathers. Journal of ornithology for India and its dependencies. Calcutta: s.n., 1872-1899. url p. 342.
• Sylviculture in the tropics. LondonMacmillan1912 url p. 28.
• The Journal of the Linnean Society. Botany. 31 1895-1897 London: the Society: Longman, Green, Longman, Roberts & Green: ||Williams and Norgate, 1865-1968. url p. 33.
• The Philippine journal of science. 4 1909 Manila. url p. 514.
• The World List of Threatened Trees WCMC, IUCN url p. 187.
• The nests and eggs of Indian birds / Allan O. Hume. London: R. H. Porter, 1889-1890. url p. 90.
• The nests and eggs of Indian birds. London, R. H. Porter, 1889-90. url .
• Tong Shaoquan & Tao Gouda. 1990. Dipterocarpaceae. In: Li Hsiwen, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 50(2): 113-131.

Notes

Contributors

• Ashton, P. 1998. Dipterocarpus zeylanicus. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloadedon 31January2012.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 31, 2012.
• IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. . Downloaded on January 28, 2012.

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 5878902
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 15453124
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:320787-1
• International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 320787-1
• IUCN ID: 205749
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 1019577

Footnotes

1. Xi-wen Li, Jie Li & Peter S. Ashton "Dipterocarpaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 13 Page 48. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. "Dipterocarpus". in Flora of China Vol. 13 Page 48. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
3. Ashton, P. 1998. Dipterocarpus zeylanicus. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 31 January 2012. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.