Cyathula fernando-poensis

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Description
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Vulnerable

Interesting Facts

Description

Family Amaranthaceae

Herbs, clambering subshrubs , shrubs , or lianas. Leaves alternate or opposite, entire, exstipulate . Flowers small, bisexual or unisexual , or sterile and reduced, subtended by 1 membranous bract and 2 bracteoles, solitary or aggregated in cymes. Inflorescences elongated or condensed spikes (heads ), racemes , or thyrsoid structures of varying complexity. Bracteoles membranous or scarious . Tepals 3-5, membranous, scarious or subleathery, 1-, 3-, 5-, or 7(-23) -veined. Stamens as many as tepals and opposite these, rarely fewer than tepals; filaments free , united into a cup at base or ± entirely into a tube , filament lobes present or absent, pseudostaminodes present or absent; anthers (1- or) 2-loculed, dorsifixed , introrsely dehiscent . Ovary superior, 1-loculed; ovules 1 to many; style persistent , short and indistinct or long and slender; stigma capitate, penicillate , 2-lobed or forming 2 filiform branches. Fruit a dry utricle or a fleshy capsule, indehiscent, irregularly bursting, or circumscissile. Seeds lenticular , reniform , subglobose, or shortly cylindric , smooth or verruculose .

About 70 genera and 900 species: worldwide; 15 genera (one introduced ) and 44 species (three endemic, 14 introduced) in China.

Morphology of the androecium, perianth (tepals), and the inflorescence has traditionally been used to circumscribe genera and tribes . Pseudostaminodia are interstaminal appendages with variously shaped apices. Filament appendages are the lateral appendages of filaments (one on each side) . The basic structure of the inflorescence is the cyme (branchlets arising from the bracteole axils, the bracteoles serving as bracts for upper flowers), which can be reduced to one flower with two bracteoles and a bract. Units of dispersal vary considerably (capsules opening with lower part persistent, flower and bracteoles falling together, or cymose partial inflorescences breaking off above bract) and can be characteristic for genera. Several genera possess long trichomes serving dispersal at the base of the tepals.[1]

Genus Cyathula

Herbs or subshrubs . Stem erect or ascending . Leaves opposite, petiolate , margin entire. Flowers clustered in cymose partial inflorescences, 1-3 in each cluster , hermaphroditic , partly accompanied by sterile ones. Bracts ovate , membranous, often spiny . Tepals 5, nearly equal, membranous. Stamens 5; anther 2-loculed, oblong ; filaments connate into a short cup at base , alternating with dentate or lacerate staminodes. Ovary obovoid ; ovule 1, pendulous from a long funicle ; style filiform , persistent ; stigma capitulate. Utricles included in persistent perianth, globose , ellipsoid , or obovoid, membranous, indehiscent. Seeds oblong or ellipsoid.

About 27 species distributed in Asia, Pacific Islands, Africa, and North and South America; four species in China.[2]

Habitat

Biome: Terrestrial [3].

Ecology: Found in understorey of closed canopy submontane and montane forest , 1,330–2,100 m alt.[3].

List of Habitats :

•     1     Forest   
  
•     1.6     Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland   
  
•     1.9     Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane   
[more info]

Taxonomy

Notes

Publishing author : Suess. & Friedrich Publication : Mitt. Bot. Staatssamml. M?nchen Heft 6, 188 (1953).

Similar Species

Members of the genus Cyathula

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 1 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

C. prostrata (Pastureweed)

More Info

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Further Reading

• IUCN. 2004. 2004 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded on 23 November 2004.
• Kuan Ke-chien. 1979. Amaranthaceae. In: Kung Hsien-wu & Tsien Cho-po, eds., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 25(2): 194241.

Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.
• Darbyshire, I. 2004. Cyathula fernando-poensis. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloadedon 31January2012.
• IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. . Downloaded on January 28, 2012.

Identifiers

• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60159-1
• International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 60159-1
• IUCN ID: 203683
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 1028400

Footnotes

1. Bojian Bao, Thomas Borsch & Steven E. Clemants "Amaranthaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 5 Page 415. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. bei xian shu "Cyathula". in Flora of China Vol. 5 Page 421. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
3. Darbyshire, I. 2004. Cyathula fernando-poensis. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 31 January 2012. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.