Overview
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Critically Endangered |
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Interesting Facts
Description
Family Zamiaceae
Plants
superficially palmlike or fernlike, perennial
, evergreen
, dioecious. Stems subterranean
with exposed apex or aboveground, fleshy
, stout, cylindric
, simple
or irregularly branched. Roots
with small secondary roots; coral-like roots developing at base
of stem at or below soil surface. Leaves pinnately compound
, spirally clustered at stem apex, leathery, petiole
and rachis unarmed
[with stout spines]; leaflets
entire or dentate
[spinose
], venation
dichotomous [netted
]; resin canals absent. Cones axillary
, appearing terminal
, short-peduncled [sessile], disintegrating at maturity; sporophylls densely crowded, spirally arranged
, often covered with indument
. Pollen cones soon shed, generally smaller and more numerous
than seed cones; sporophylls bearing many crowded, small microsporangia (pollen sacs
) adaxially; pollen spheric, not winged
. Seed cones persistent
for a year or more, 1(--2) per plant, nearly globose
to ovoid
, tapering sharply or blunt
at apex; sporophylls peltate, thickened and laterally expanded distally, bearing 2(--3) ovules. Seeds angular, inner coat
hardened, outer coat fleshy, often brightly colored
; cotyledons 2.
Genera 9, species ca.
100 (1 genus, 1 species in the flora
) : primarily tropical
to warm temperate regions
, North Americ, Central America, South America, Africa, Australia.[1]
Physical Description
Habit: Evergreen .
Size/Age/Growth
Size: 36-48" tall.
Habitat
Ecology:
Plants
occur as an understorey shrub
growing naturally in heavy shade
in tropical
wet evergreen
forest
. They occur at relatively low altitudes
in Veracruz (120 m
) but are usually found at slightly higher elevations
on limestone pinnacles, ridges
or hilltops (up to 500 m) in Oaxaca.
[2].
List of Habitats
:
- 1 Forest
- 1.6 Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland [more info]
Biology
Growth
Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Light Shade.
Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 10a, 10b, 11. (map)
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
()
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
()
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
()
- Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
()
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
()
- Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Order:
Cycadales
()
- Dumortier, 1829
- Family:
Zamiaceae
()
- Horaninow, 1834
- Sago-palm Family
- Tribe:
Zamieae
()
- Genus:
Ceratozamia
()
- Brongniart, 1846
- Specific epithet:
euryphyllidia
- V?zq.Torres, Sabato & D.W.Stev.
- Botanical name: - Ceratozamia euryphyllidia V?zq.Torres, Sabato & D.W.Stev.
- Specific epithet:
euryphyllidia
- V?zq.Torres, Sabato & D.W.Stev.
- Genus:
Ceratozamia
(
- Tribe:
Zamieae
(
- Family:
Zamiaceae
(
- Order:
Cycadales
(
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Notes
Name
Status: Accepted Name
.
Last scrutiny: 2004
Similar Species
Members of the genus Ceratozamia
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 16 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:
C. hildae (Bamboo Cycad) · C. kuesteriana (Ceratozamia) · C. latifolia (Ceratozamia) · C. matudae (Ceratozamia) · C. mexicana (Bamboo Cycad) · C. miqueliana (Cycad) · C. mirandae (Ceratozamia) · C. morettii (Ceratozamia) · C. norstogii (Ceratozamia) · C. pacifica (Ceratozamia) · C. robusta (Ceratozamia) · C. sabatoi (Ceratozamia) · C. zoquorum (Ceratozamia) · C. 'El Mirador' (Ceratozamia) · C. 'Palma Sola' (Ceratozamia) · C. 'Santiago Tuxla' (Ceratozamia)
More Info
- Search for Pictures: images.google.com
- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
- 1997 IUCN red list of threatened plants Cambridge: IUCN, World Conservation Union, 1998 url p. 30.
- Checklist of CITES Species CITES, WCMC url p. 259.
- Checklist of CITES Species: a reference to the appendices to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora CITES url p. 259.
- Candolle, A. L. P. de. 1868. Cycadaceae. In: A. P. de Candolle and A. L. P. de Candolle, eds. 1823--1873. Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis.... Paris etc. Vol. 16, part 2, pp. 522--547.
- Johnson, L. A. S. 1959. The families of cycads and the Zamiaceae of Australia. Proc. Linn. Soc. New South Wales 84: 64--117.
- Schuster, J. 1932. Cycadaceae. In: H. G. A. Engler, ed. 1900--1953. Das Pflanzenreich.... Berlin. Vol. 99[IV,1], pp. l--168.
Notes
Contributors
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal January 30, 2008:
- The New York Botanical Garden, Vascular Plant Type Specimens
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 3928585
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: IOP-454716
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:929515-1
- International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 929515-1
- IUCN ID: 198798
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 432475
Footnotes
- Garrie P. Landry "Zamiaceae". in Flora of North America Vol. 2. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
- Chemnick, J., Gregory, T. & Morales S. 2010. Ceratozamia euryphyllidia. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 31 January 2012. [back]
