Overview
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Vulnerable |
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Interesting Facts
Common Names
Common Names in English:
Steelhead, Dwarf Cypress
Description
Family Cupressaceae
Trees
or shrubs
evergreen
, monoecious or dioecious. Leaves decussate or in whorls of 3, scalelike and then often dimorphic
with flattened facial leaves and keeled
lateral
leaves, or needlelike particularly in juvenile plants
, often with an abaxial
resin gland
. Pollen cones terminal
or axillary
, solitary, maturing and shed annually; microsporophylls
6-16, decussate or whorled
, each bearing (2 or) 3-6(-9) pollen sacs
; pollen wingless. Seed cones usually terminal, solitary, globose
, ovoid
, or oblong
, dehiscent
or indehiscent when mature
in 1st or 2nd(or 3rd) year; cone scales developing after ovules originate in bract axils; bracts almost completely enveloped by cone scales, free
only at apex; ovules 1-numerous per bract axil, erect
; cone scales of mature cones 3-16, flat or peltate, woody, leathery, or succulent, 1-20-seeded. Seeds winged
or not; wings
derived from seed coat
. Cotyledons usually 2, rarely 3-6. Germination epigeal.
Nineteen genera and ca.
125 species: worldwide; eight genera (one introduced
) and 46 species (16 endemic, 13 introduced) in China.[1]
Genus Callitris
Shrubs
or trees
evergreen
. Branchlets
angled
or furrowed-cylindrical, variously oriented. Leaves in whorls of 3--5. Adult
leaves scalelike, appressed
, abaxial
surface keeled
or rounded
, free
portion to 1 mm, abaxial glands absent. Pollen cones solitary or in small clusters
, with 4--15 whorls of sporophylls, each with 2--4 pollen sacs
. Seed cones maturing in 1--2 years, of 1--2 sizes, often remaining unopened for many years, ovoid
or globose
, 1--3.5 cm; scales
persistent
, in 2 equally inserted
whorls of 3(--4), valvate
, rhombic-deltate, basifixed
, thick and woody. Seeds 2--9 per scale, round
or 3-angled, broadly 1--3-winged; cotyledons 2.
Species 16 (1 natura: North America, Australia, and New Caledonia.[2]
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
)
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
)
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
)
- Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
)
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
)
- Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Class:
Spermatopsida
(
)
- Burnett
- Order:
Cupressales
(
)
- Family:
Cupressaceae
(
)
- Richard ex Bartling, 1830, nom. cons.
- Cypress Family
- Genus:
Callitris
(
)
- Ventenat, 1808
- Cypress-pine [Greek callos, beautiful, and treis, three, referring to the beauty of the plants and the three-whorled leaves and cone scales]
- Specific epithet:
monticola
- J.Garden
- Botanical name: - Callitris monticola J.Garden
- Specific epithet:
monticola
- J.Garden
- Genus:
Callitris
(
- Family:
Cupressaceae
(
- Order:
Cupressales
(
- Class:
Spermatopsida
(
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Notes
Publishing author : J.Garden Publication : Contributions from the New South Wales National Herbarium 1956 (18 Jan. 1956)
Similar Species
Members of the genus Callitris
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 12 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:
C. canescens (Scrubby Cypress Pine) · C. columellaris (White Cypress-Pine) · C. drummondii (Drummond's Cypress) · C. endlicheri (Black Cypress Pine) · C. macleayana (Stringybark Pine) · C. monticola (Steelhead) · C. muelleri (Illawara Pine) · C. oblonga (Pigmy Cypress-Pine) · C. preissii (Rottnest Islandpine) · C. rhomboidea (Oyster Bay Pine) · C. roei (Roe's Cypress Pine) · C. verrucosa (Scrub Cypress-Pine)
More Info
- Search for Pictures: images.google.com
- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
- 1997 IUCN red list of threatened plants Cambridge: IUCN, World Conservation Union, 1998 url p. 20.
- The World List of Threatened Trees WCMC, IUCN url p. 96.
- Wang Wen-tsai, Cheng Wan-chün, Fu Li-kuo & Chu Cheng-de. 1978. Cupressaceae. In: Cheng Wan-chün & Fu Li-kuo, eds., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 7: 313-398.
- Blake, S. T. 1959. New or noteworthy plants, chiefly from Queensland, l. Proc. Roy. Soc. Queensland. 70(6): 33--46.
- Garden, J. 1957. A revision of the genus Callitris Vent. Contr. New South Wales Natl. Herb. 2(5): 363--392.
- Thompson, J. and L. A. S. Johnson. 1986. Callitris glaucophylla, Australia's 'white cypress pine'---A new name for an old species. Telopea 2: 731--736.
- Thompson, J. 1961. Cupressaceae. Contr. New South Wales Natl. Herb., Fl. Ser. 1/18: 46--55.
Notes
Contributors
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.
- Conifer Specialist Group 1998. Callitris monticola. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloadedon 31January2012.
- IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. . Downloaded on January 28, 2012.
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal February 28, 2008:
- Australian National Herbarium (CANB)
- Missouri Botanical Garden
- National Herbarium of New South Wales: NSW herbarium collection
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 3497142
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Con-1688
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13278150
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:294853-1
- International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 133943-3
- IUCN ID: 197131
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 723816
Footnotes
- Liguo Fu, Yong-fu Yu, Robert P. Adams & Aljos Farjon "Cupressaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 4 Page 62. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
- Richard P. Wunderlin "Callitris". in Flora of North America Vol. 2. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
