Araucaria subulata

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Near Threatened

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Description

Family Araucariaceae

Trees evergreen , dioecious or monoecious, with relatively large pith in trunk and resin in cortex. Leaves spirally arranged or decussate, sessile, decurrent. Cones unisexual . Pollen cones axillary or terminal on branchlets , solitary or clustered; microsporophylls numerous , spirally arranged, sessile; microsporangia 4-20, external, suspended, arranged in 2 rows , filiform ; pollen sacs split longitudinally; pollen nonsaccate. Seed cones solitary, terminal on branchlets, maturing in 2nd or 3rd year; bracts numerous, spirally arranged; ovulate scales degenerate or ligulate , connate with bracts on 1 side, each with 1 ovule at base abaxially; ovules connate with ovulate scales or with bracts (when ovulate scales degenerate) ; bracts of mature cones deciduous, flattened, woody or thickly leathery, bearing 1 seed in basal part (if developed), sometimes adnate with ligulate seed scales in center of adaxial surface, apex triangular or caudate . Seeds connate with bracts or detached, flattened, winged or not. 2n = 26.

Three genera and 41 species: Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Philippines; Australia, New Zealand, SW Pacific Islands, South America; two genera and four species (all introduced ) in China.[1]

Genus Araucaria

Trees monoecious, occasionally dioecious; branches whorled or almost so; winter buds small. Leaves spirally arranged , needlelike to broadly ovate or triangular, varied in shape and size even on same tree. Pollen cones axillary or terminal on branchlets , cylindric , ovoid , or ellipsoid ; microsporophylls densely arranged. Seed cones erect , ellipsoid, or ovoid to subglobose; ovulate scales ligulate ; bracts of mature cones large, woody, distal part thickened, distal margin sharply and transversely ridged , apex reflexed or upcurved, pointed ; seed scales adnate with bracts in basal, seed-bearing part, detached in apical part, sometimes thickened and exposed. Seeds connate with bracts, sometimes with 2 apparent lateral wings formed from bract. Cotyledons usually 2, occasionally 4. Germination hypogeal or epigeal.

Nineteen species: Papua New Guinea; Australia (including Norfolk Island), New Caledonia, South America; three species (introduced ) in China.[2]

Habitat

Ecology: It occurs as an emergent tree in dense and humid rainforests, usually in ravines and steep valleys and mostly in montane areas[3].

List of Habitats :

•     1     Forest   
  
•     1.6     Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland   
  
•     1.9     Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane   
[more info]

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Araucaria balansae Brongn. & Gris • Eutacta subulata (Vieill.) Carrière

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Comment: Conservation status: NT, Habit: Tree

Last scrutiny: 5-Jun-2008

Similar Species

Members of the genus Araucaria

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 10 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

A. angustifolia (Brazilian Monkey Puzzle Tree) · A. araucana (Monkey Puzzle) · A. bidwillii (Bunya Bunya) · A. columnaris (Cook Pine) · A. cunninghamii (Hoop Pine) · A. heterophylla (Norfolk Island Pine) · A. heterophylla 'Monia' (Majestic Beauty ® Star Pine) · A. hunsteinii (Klinkii Pine) · A. rulei (Rule Araucaria) · A. subulata (Narrow-Leaved Araucaria)

More Info

• Search for Pictures: images.google.com
• Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
• Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
• Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books

Further Reading

• The pinetum: being a synopsis of all the coniferous plants at present known, with descriptions, history and synonyms, and a comprehensive systematic index. LondonH.G. Bohn [etc.]1880 url p. 43, p. 43.
• Cheng Wan-chün, Fu Li-kuo, Tsui Hung-pin & Chen Chia-jui. 1978. Araucariaceae. In: Cheng Wan-chün & Fu Li-kuo, eds., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 7: 24-31.

Notes

Contributors

• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed March 27, 2012.
• Conifer Database 2006.
• Conifer Database. Release date: June 5, 2008
• Conifer Specialist Group 1998. In IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCNRedList.org. Downloaded July 19, 2008.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed December 04, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 2 providers.
• IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. . Downloaded on January 28, 2012.
• Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.
• The International Plant Names Index. Accessed Jan 19, 2007.
• Thomas, P. 2010. Araucaria subulata. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloadedon 30January2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal December 04, 2007:

• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 5955620
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Con-2861
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 14705927
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:261707-1
• International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 261707-1
• IUCN ID: 192385
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 719080

Footnotes

1. Liguo Fu, Nan Li & Robert R. Mill "Araucariaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 4 Page 9. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. Liguo Fu, Nan Li & Robert R. Mill "Araucaria". in Flora of China Vol. 4 Page 9. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
3. Thomas, P. 2010. Araucaria subulata. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 30 January 2012. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.