Overview
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Endangered |
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Interesting Facts
- Eastern Cape Rocky (Sandelia bainsii), listed as Endangered , is a freshwater fish species that occurs only in short sections of several rivers in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. The main threats to the species are habitat change, alien fish introductions (most recently, the introduction of the sharptooth catfish), inter-basin transfers , dam-building and excessive water abstraction from small rivers. Over the past 30 years population numbers have been severely reduced; the Kowie River and the Nahoon River populations are almost extirpated . (Ref 100465)
Common Names
Click on the language to view common names.
Common Names in Afrikaans:
Oos-kaapse kurper
Common Names in English:
Eastern Cape rocky, Eastern province rocky, Rocky kurper
Common Names in German:
Westlicher Kaplabyrinthfisch
Common Names in Mandarin Chinese:
圆鳞攀鲈, 圓鱗攀鱸
Description
Habitat
Found in rocky streams , favoring marginal habitats where the current is slow.
Typically found in a lake with a depth of 0 to -6,553 meters (0 to -21,499 feet).[1]
Ecology:
Occurs in rocky streams
, favouring marginal habitats
where the current
is slow (Skelton 2001). A predator
on insects, crabs and small fish,
it holes
up in crevices and waits for prey
to pass
by. Breeds
in
summer, males make a nest
and after spawning guard the developing
eggs
and young fish.[2].
List of Habitats
:
- 5 Wetlands (inland)
- 5.1 Wetlands (inland) - Permanent Rivers/Streams/Creeks (includes waterfalls )
- 5.2 Wetlands (inland) - Seasonal/Intermittent/Irregular Rivers/Streams/Creeks
- 5.5 Wetlands (inland) - Permanent Freshwater Lakes (over 8ha)
- 5.6 Wetlands (inland) - Seasonal/Intermittent Freshwater Lakes (over 8ha)
- 5.7 Wetlands (inland) - Permanent Freshwater Marshes/Pools (under 8ha)
- 5.8 Wetlands (inland) - Seasonal/Intermittent Freshwater Marshes/Pools (under 8ha) [more info]
Biology
Diet
Preys on insects, crabs and small fish.
Reproduction
Breeds in summer. Males guard the eggs and larvae which are found on the substrate[3]. Upon hatching , larvae adhered permanently to the substrate at the nesting site[3].
Behavior
Predators:
Is preyed upon by introduced predators such as bass and sharptooth catfish.
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Animalia
()
- C. Linnaeus, 1758
- animals
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
()
- (Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith, 1983
- Branch:
Deuterostomia
()
- Grobben, 1908
- Infrakingdom:
Chordonia
()
- (Haeckel, 1874) Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Phylum:
Chordata
()
- Bateson, 1885
- Chordates
- Subphylum:
Vertebrata
()
- Cuvier, 1812
- Vertebrates
- Infraphylum:
Gnathostomata
()
- auct.
- Jawed Vertebrates
- Superclass:
Osteichthyes
()
- Huxley, 1880
- Class:
Osteichthyes
()
- Huxley, 1880
- Subclass:
Actinopterygii
()
- Infraclass:
Actinopteri
()
- Cohort:
Clupeocephala
()
- Superorder:
Acanthopterygii
()
- Order:
Perciformes
()
-
- Suborder:
Anabantoidei
()
- Family:
Anabantidae
()
- Genus:
Sandelia
()
- Castelnau, 1861
- Specific name:
bainsii
- Castelnau, 1861
- Scientific name: - Sandelia bainsii Castelnau, 1861
- Specific name:
bainsii
- Castelnau, 1861
- Genus:
Sandelia
(
- Family:
Anabantidae
(
- Suborder:
Anabantoidei
(
- Order:
Perciformes
(
- Superorder:
Acanthopterygii
(
- Cohort:
Clupeocephala
(
- Infraclass:
Actinopteri
(
- Subclass:
Actinopterygii
(
- Class:
Osteichthyes
(
- Superclass:
Osteichthyes
(
- Infraphylum:
Gnathostomata
(
- Subphylum:
Vertebrata
(
- Phylum:
Chordata
(
- Infrakingdom:
Chordonia
(
- Branch:
Deuterostomia
(
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
(
- Kingdom:
Animalia
(
Synonyms
Anabas bainsii (Castelnau • Ctenopoma microlepidotum Günther • Sandelia bainsii (Castelnau, 1861) • Spirobranchus bainsii (Castelnau
Notes
Name
Status: Accepted Name
.
Last scrutiny: Data
last modified by FishBase 11-Jul-1994
Genetic work has shown that there are two management units
, those
in the Great Fish and Kowie Rivers
and those in the Buffalo River
area.[2].
Similar Species
Members of the genus Sandelia
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 2 species and subspecies in this genus:
S. bainsii (Eastern Province Rocky) · S. capensis (Cape Kurper)
More Info
- Search for Pictures: images.google.com
- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
- 1994 IUCN red list of threatened animals Gland, Switzerland: IUCN, 1993 url p. 115.
- Bulletin of the Biological Society of Washington. Washington, D.C.: The Society, 1918- url p. 207.
- The comparative osteology and phylogeny of the Anabantoidei (Teleostei, Pisces) Urbana, University of Illinois Press, 1963. url p. 3.
Notes
Contributors
- Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 and ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.
- Cambray, J. 2007. In IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCNRedList.org. Downloaded July 18, 2008.
- Cambray, J. 2007. Sandelia bainsii. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloadedon 04February2012.
- FishBase. Release date: January 5, 2010
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed February 29, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 4 providers.
- IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. . Downloaded on January 28, 2012.
- Kottelat, Maurice (from FishBase).
- Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.
- Skelton, P. 1996. Sandelia bainsii. In: IUCN 2006. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. www.iucnredlist.org . Downloaded on 20 October 2006.
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal February 29, 2008:
- FishBase: FishBase DiGIR Provider - Philippine Server
- Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, Rutgers University: iziko South African Museum - Fish Collection
- Museum national d'histoire naturelle: Ichtyologie
- Royal Ontario Museum: Fish specimens
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 137871
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Fis-33765
- Fishbase Species ID: 10053
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 638776
- IUCN ID: 240569
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 8682
Footnotes
- Mean = -4,948.720 meters (-16,235.958 feet), Standard Deviation = 1,550.460 based on 25 observations. [back]
- Cambray, J. 2007. Sandelia bainsii. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 04 February 2012. [back]
- Britz, R. and J.A. Cambray (2001). Structure of egg surfaces and attachment organs in anabantoids. Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwat. 12(3):267-288. [back]
