Rana aurora

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Physical Description

Habitat

Typically found in a lake at a mean distance from sea level of 157 meters (515 feet).[1]

Ecology: Habitat includes the vicinity of quiet permanent waters of streams , marshes, or (less often) ponds and other quiet bodies of water. The frogs are sometimes found in damp woods and meadows some distance from water, especially during wet weather. This species occurs in sites with dense vegetation (e.g. , willows) close to water and some shading. Red-legged frogs may occupy ephemeral pools if the water remains until late spring or early summer (Biosystems Analysis 1989). Estivation sites include small mammal burrows and moist leaf litter in dense riparian vegetation up to 26 meters from water (Rathbun et al. 1993, cited by USFWS 1994). Desiccation cracks in dry pond bottoms may be used as refuges (Alvarez, 2004, Herpetol. Rev. 35:162-163). Breeding sites most often are in permanent water; eggs are attached to stiff submerged stems at the surface of the water.[2].

List of Habitats:

•     5     Wetlands (inland)   
  
•     5.1     Wetlands (inland) - Permanent Rivers/Streams/Creeks (includes waterfalls )   
  
•     5.2     Wetlands (inland) - Seasonal/Intermittent/Irregular Rivers/Streams/Creeks   
  
•     5.3     Wetlands (inland) - Shrub Dominated Wetlands   
  
•     5.4     Wetlands (inland) - Bogs , Marshes, Swamps , Fens , Peatlands   
  
•     5.7     Wetlands (inland) - Permanent Freshwater Marshes/Pools (under 8ha)   
  
•     5.8     Wetlands (inland) - Seasonal/Intermittent Freshwater Marshes/Pools (under 8ha)   
  
•     5.9     Wetlands (inland) - Freshwater Springs and Oases   
  
•     15     Artificial/Aquatic & Marine   
  
•     15.2     Artificial/Aquatic - Ponds (below 8ha)   
  
•     15.3     Artificial/Aquatic - Aquaculture Ponds   
  
•     15.7     Artificial/Aquatic - Irrigated Land (includes irrigation channels )   
  
•     15.8     Artificial/Aquatic - Seasonally Flooded Agricultural Land   
  
•     15.9     Artificial/Aquatic - Canals and Drainage Channels, Ditches   
[more info]

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Rana aurora aurora • Rana aurora draytonii • Rana aurora aurora Baird and Girard, 1852 • Rana aurora draytonii Baird and Girard, 1852

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 01-Sep-2009

Shaffer et al. (2004) presented genetic evidence supporting the recognition of Rana aurora and R. draytonii as distinct species.[2].

Similar Species

Members of the genus Rana

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 132 species and subspecies in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

R. adenopleura (Olive Frog) · R. amurensis (Siberian Wood Frog) · R. andersonii (Yunnan Odorous Frog) · R. areolata (Northern Crawfish Frog) · R. areolata aesopus (Crawfish Frog) · R. areolata areolata (Southern Crawfish Frog) · R. areolata circulosa (Northern Crawfish Frog) · R. arfaki (Arfak Mountains Frog) · R. arvalis (Altai Brown Frog (Altai Mountains Populations)) · R. asiatica (Central Asiatic Frog) · R. asperata (Yangambi Butterbarbel) · R. aurantiaca (Golden Frog) · R. aurora (California Red-Legged Frog) · R. aurora aurora (Northern Red-Legged Frog) · R. aurora draytonii (California Red-Legged Frog) · R. baramica (Baram River Frog) · R. bergeri (Italian Poolfrog) · R. berlandieri (Rio Grande Leopard Frog) · R. blairi (Plains Leopard Frog) · R. boylii (Foothill Yellow-Legged Frog) · R. boylii boylii (Foothill Yellow Legged Frog) · R. brownorum (Brown's Leopard Frog) · R. bwana (Rio Chipillico Frog) · R. camerani (Iranian Long-Legged Frog) · R. capito (Carolina Gopher Frog) · R. capito aesopus (Florida Gopher Frog) · R. capito capito (Carolina Gopher Frog) · R. capito sevosa (Dusky Gopher Frog) · R. cascadae (Cascades Frog) · R. catesbeiana (North American Bullfrog) · R. chalconota (Schlegel's Java Frog) · R. chapaensis (Chapa Frog) · R. chensinensis (Asiatic Grass Frog) · R. chiricahuensis (Chiricahua Leopard Frog) · R. clamitans (Bronze Frog) · R. clamitans clamitans (Bronze Frog) · R. clamitans melanota (Northern Green Frog) · R. cubitalis (Siam Frog) · R. daemeli (Australian Wood Frog) · R. dalmatina (Agile Frog) · R. draytonii (California Red-Legged Frog) · R. dunni (Patzcuaro Frog) · R. dybowskii (Dybowski's Frog) · R. emelijanovi (Imeinpo Station Frog) · R. esculenta (Edible Frog) · R. fasciata (Tanganyika Striped Grass Frog) · R. fisheri (Las Vegas Leopard Frog) · R. forreri (Forrer's Grass Frog) · R. galamensis (Galam White-Lipped Frog) · R. glandulosa (Sarawak Frog) · R. graeca (Greek Stream Frog) · R. grylio (Pig Frog) · R. heckscheri (River Frog) · R. hecksheri (River Frog) · R. hejiangensis (Hejiang Frog) · R. holsti (Holst's Frog) · R. holtzi (Taurus Frog) · R. hosii (Mount Dulit Frog) · R. iberica (Iberian Frog) · R. ishikawae (Ishikawa's Frog) · R. italica (Italian Stream Frog) · R. japonica (Japanese Brown Frog) · R. johnsi (John's Groove-Toed Frog) · R. juliani (Maya Mountains Frog) · R. latastei (Italian Agile Frog) · R. lessonae (Pool Frog) · R. livida (Green Cascade Frog) · R. luteiventris (Great Basin Spotted Frog) · R. macrocnemis (Iranian Long-Legged Frog) · R. macroglossa (Guatemala Plateau Frog) · R. maculata (Highland Frog) · R. magnaocularis (Northwest Mexico Leopard Frog) · R. malabarica (Fungoid Frog) · R. maosonensis (Mo-Son Frog) · R. melanomenta (Sulu Frog) · R. montezumae (Montezuma Leopard Frog) · R. muscosa (Southern Mountain Yellow-Legged Frog) · R. narina (Ryukyu Island Frog) · R. neovolcanica (Transverse Volcanic Leopard Frog) · R. nicobariensis (Nicobar Island Frog) · R. nigromaculata (Black-Spotted Pond Frog) · R. nigromaculata nigromaculata (Black-Spotted Pond Frog) · R. nigrovittata (Black-Striped Frog) · R. okaloosae (Florida Bog Frog) · R. okaloossae (Florida Bog Frog) · R. omiltemana (Guerreran Leopard Frog) · R. onca (Relict Leopard Frog) · R. ornativentris (Montane Brown Frog) · R. palmipes (Amazon River Frog) · R. palustris (Pickerel Frog) · R. perezi (Perez's Frog) · R. pipiens (Northern Leopard Frog) · R. pipiens pipiens (Northern Leopard Frog) · R. pleuraden (Yunkwei Plateau Frog) · R. pretiosa (Oregon Spotted Frog) · R. pustulosa (Cascade Frog) · R. pyrenaica (Pyrenean Frog) · R. raniceps (Peters' Malaysian Frog) · R. ridibunda (European Green Frog) · R. rugosa (Wrinkled Frog)

More Info

• Search for Pictures: images.google.com
• Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
• Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
• Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books

Further Reading

• A check list of North American amphibians and reptiles / by Leonhard Stejneger and Thomas Barbour. Cambridge: Harvard University Press; [etc., etc.]1923. url p. 34.
• A manual of fish-culture: based on the methods of the United States commission of fish and fisheries, with chapters on the cultivation of oysters and frogs / Washington: Govt. Print. Off., 1900. url , p. 255, p. 259.
• A manual of land and fresh water vertebrate animals of the United States (exclusive of birds) by Henry Sherring Pratt. .. Philadelphia, P. Blakiston's Son & Co., inc.[c1935] url p. 169, p. 172, p. 393.
• Amphibian and reptile survey of the Bureau of Land Management Miles City District, Montana / submitted by Paul Hendricks; a report to Bureau of Land Management Miles City Field Office and Billings Field Office. Helena, Mont.: Montana Natural Heritage Program; c1999. url p. 57.
• Amphibian and reptile surveys on Montana refuges: 1998-1999 / Helena, Mont.: Montana Natural Heritage Program, c1999. url .
• Amphibian species of the world: Additions and corrections / by William E. Duellman. Lawrence: University of Kansas, 1993. url p. 250, p. 253.
• Annual report of the Commissioner of Fisheries to the Secretary of Commerce for the fiscal year ended. .. Washington: G.P.O., 1914-1940. url , p. 11.
• Biology code of the Chemical-Biological Coordination Center... Washington, National Academy of Sciences, National Research Council, 1960. url p. 49.
• Biology of New World Microtus / edited by Robert H. Tamarin. [Stillwater, Okla.]: American Society of Mammalogists1985. url p. 558.
• Bulletin - United States National Museum. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, [etc.];1877-1971. url p. 111, p. 115, p. 190, p. 192, p. 241, p. 245, p. 252, p. 348, p. 387, p. 72, p. 99.
• Bulletin of the Essex Institute. Salem, Mass.: Essex Institute. url p. 41.
• Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College. 93 1943 Cambridge, Mass.: The Museum, 1863- url p. 222, p. 229, p. 54.
• Bulletin of the Southern California Academy of Sciences Los Angeles, Calif.: The Academy, 1971- url p. 16, p. 17, p. 184, p. 19.
• California fish and game. [San Francisco, etc.]: State of California, Resources Agency, Dept. of Fish and Game. url p. 155, p. 184, p. 222, p. 249.
• Experimental embryology; techniques and procedures. Minneapolis, Burgess Pub. Co.[1962] url p. 97.
• Fishes and fishing; Saint Paul? Minn., c1907 url p. 76.
• General embryological information service. Utrecht, Hubrecht Laboratory. url p. 49, p. 65.
• Goldfish breeds and other aquarium fishes, their care and propagation: a guide to freshwater and marine aquaria, their fauna, flora and management. With 280 explanatory illustrations, printed with the text / by Herman T. Wolf... Philadelphia: Innes & sons, [c1908] url p. 335, p. 380.
• Handbook of frogs and toads. .. of the United States and Canada. Ithaca, N.Y.Comstock Pub. Co., 1933. url p. 153, p. 32.
• Journal of morphology. Boston: Ginn & Co., [1887-1924] url p. 686.
• Journal of the Royal Microscopical Society. Oxford [etc.]Royal Microscopical Society. url p. 368, p. 377.
• Naturalist's guide to the Americas, prepared by the Committee on the Preservation of Natural Conditions of the Ecological Society of America, with assistance from numerous organizations and individuals, assembled and edited by chairman, Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins, 1926. url p. 170, p. 170.
• North American fauna. Washington: Fish and Wildlife Service; for sale by the Supt. of Docs., U. S. Govt. Print. Off. url p. 161, p. 225, p. 391.
• Occasional papers of the California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco: California Academy of Sciences, url , p. 127, p. 13, p. 130, p. 139, p. 25, p. 35, p. 5, p. 9.
• Occasional papers of the Natural History Museum, the University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas. 1996 Lawrence, Kan.: The University, 1994-1996. url p. 57.
• Our living resources: a report to the nation on the distribution, abundance, and health of U.S. plants, animals, and ecosystems / [edited by], Edward T. LaRoe. .. [et al.]. Washington, DC: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, National Biological Service, 1995. url p. 133, p. 499, p. 518.
• Proceedings - California Academy of Sciences, 4th series. San Francisco, California Academy of Sciences. url p. 159, p. 408, p. 465.
• Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. Philadelphia, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia url p. 378.
• Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Boston: Metcalf and Co., 1846-1958 url p. 448, p. 452, p. 455.
• Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco: California Academy of Sciences, 1979- url p. 22, p. 47, p. 48, p. 58.
• Proceedings of the San Diego Society of Natural History. 1991 [San Diego, Calif.]: San Diego Society of Natural History, 1990- url p. 6.
• Proceedings of the United States National Museum. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, [etc.] url p. 191, p. 6, p. 600, p. 68.
• Publications in zoology = Publications en zoologie. Ottawa: National Museums of Canada, National Museum of Natural Sciences, 1970-1982. url p. 4, p. 8.
• Records of the Indian Museum. Calcutta: Pub. by order of the trustees of the Indian Museum, . 1907-1962. url p. 95.
• Report of the Commissioner for. .. / United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries. Washington: G.P.O., 1874-1905. url , p. 255, p. 255, p. 259, p. 259, p. 4.
• Report of the United States Commissioner of Fisheries for the fiscal year. .. with appendixes Washington: G.P.O., 1914- url , p. 11.
• Report of the commissioner of fish and fisheries on investigations in the Columbia River basin in regard to the salmon fisheries Washington: G.P.O., 1894. url .
• Rod and gun. Beaconsfield, Que. [etc.]Rod and Gun Pub. Co. [etc.] url p. 1131.
• Smithsonian contributions to knowledge. Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1848-1916. url .
• Survey on neurobiology. Bibliography of genetic neurology, compiled and annotated by Agnes S. Burt. Washington, National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council, 1952. url p. 8.
• Syllogeus. Ottawa, National Museum of Natural Sciences, 1972-1995. url p. 4.
• The American journal of anatomy. Baltimore, MD: [s.n.], 1902-1991. url p. 228.
• The Annals and magazine of natural history; zoology, botany, and geology being a continuation of the Annals combined with Loudon and Charlesworth's Magazine of Natural History. London, Taylor and Francis, Ltd. url p. 414, p. 414.
• The Biological bulletin. Woods Hole, Mass.: Marine Biological Laboratory, url p. 187, p. 188, p. 230, p. 80.
• The Bulletin of zoological nomenclature. London, International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature. url p. 91.
• The Canadian field-naturalist. Ottawa, Ottawa Field-Naturalists' Club. url , , p. 100, p. 22, p. 24, p. 26, p. 27, p. 279, p. 28, p. 280, p. 283, p. 29, p. 30, p. 349, p. 435, p. 490, p. 491, p. 493, p. 500, p. 526, p. 599, p. 600, p. 604, p. 607, p. 612, p. 665, p. 669, p. 737, p. 78, p. 783, p. 79.
• The frog book: North American toads and frogs, with a study of the habits and life histories of those of the northeastern States / With over three hundred photographs from life by the author. New YorkDoubleday, Page1907 url , p. 216, p. 217, p. 220, p. 222, p. 26, p. 41, p. 49.
• The frog book; North American toads and frogs, with a study of the habits and life histories of those of the northeastern states. New York, Doubleday, Page & company, 1906. url , , , p. 216, p. 217, p. 220, p. 222, p. 26, p. 41, p. 49.
• The hylid frogs of Middle America / William E. Duellman. 2 1970 [Lawrence]: University of Kansas, 1970. url p. 665.
• Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History. 11 1953 [San Diego]: The Society, 1905-1989. url p. 371, p. 372, p. 381, figs. 2-3, page 389, p. 67, p. 67.
• Trematodes of the Pacific Northwest, an annotated catalog [by] Ivan Pratt [and] James E. McCauley. Corvallis, Oregon State University Press[1961] url p. 112, p. 32, p. 37, p. 47, p. 52, p. 74, p. 89.
• United States exploring expedition. During the year 1838, 1839, 1840, 1841, 1842. Under the command of Charles Wilkes, U.S.N... Philadelphia: Printed by C. Sherman, 1844-74. url , p. 18, p. 20, p. 21, p. 23, p. 473.
• University of California publications in zoology. Berkeley: University Press, 1906- url , , , , , , , , , , , , p. 120, p. 146, p. 293, p. 295, p. 473, p. 478, p. 543.
• Vertebrate ecology and systematics: a tribute to Henry S. Fitch / edited by Richard A. Seigel. .. [et al.]. Lawrence: University of Kansas, 1984. url p. 214.
• Vertebrate life / Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall, c1996. url p. 340.
• Zoogeography. A symposium presented on August 26-27, 1957 [under the prime auspices of the Pacific Section of the Society of Systematic Zoology] at the Stanford University joint meeting of the American Institute of Washington, 1958. url p. 170, p. 171.
• [Collected reprints, 1911-1931. s.l., s.n., 19--] url .

Notes

Contributors

• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 9, 2012.
• Geoffrey Hammerson 2008. Rana aurora. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloadedon 04February2012.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed February 29, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 6 providers.
• IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. . Downloaded on January 28, 2012.
• Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.
• Santos-Barrera, G., Pearl, C. & Hammerson, G. 2004. In IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCNRedList.org. Downloaded July 18, 2008.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal February 29, 2008:

• California Academy of Sciences: CAS Herpetology Collection Catalog
• Canadian Museum of Nature: Canadian Museum of Nature Amphibian and Reptile Collection - Anura
• EMAN Provider: FrogWatch Canada
• Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History: Vertebrate specimens
• Sternberg Museum of Natural History: Herp Collection
• University of Alberta: University of Alberta Herpetology Collection

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 26089
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-173446
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13852221
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 173446
• IUCN ID: 238787
• Natural Heritage Network Species Identifier: AAABH01020
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 1643

Footnotes

1. Standard Deviation = 495.060 based on 14 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]
2. Geoffrey Hammerson 2008. Rana aurora. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 04 February 2012. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.