Interesting Facts
Common Names
Common Names in English:
Small Grass Yellow, Broad-bordered Grass Yellow
Description
Family Pieridae
'The Pieridae are members
of the Superfamily
Papilionoidea, the true butterflies. Worldwide in distribution, most species are found in the tropics. Adults
have medium to small wings
that are white, yellow, or orange, with some black or red, and many have hidden ultraviolet patterns
that are used in courtship
. Species with more than one generation usually have distinct
seasonal variation
in appearance
. Adults of all species visit flowers for nectar, and adults of both sexes have three pairs of walking legs
. Males patrol in search of receptive mates, and females lay
columnar
eggs
on leaves, buds, and stems. The majority of caterpillars of North American whites and sulphurs feed
on legumes or crucifers (members of the Mustard family
). Typically, temperate
species overwinter in the pupal or larval stage
, while tropical
species overwinter as adults.
'[1]
Habitat
Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 2,400 meters (0 to 7,874 feet).[2]
Ecology:
This species is abundant across savanna
and grassland, also arising
in clearings, disturbed
habitats
, farmbush and along roads in forest
.
Both sexes visit flowers and males mud-puddle, sometimes congregating on
damp sand
or wet herbivore dung in very large numbers. Larval
host-plants include Hypericum
aethiopicu, Chamaecrista
mimosoides, Senna
species, Sesbania species, Albizia
species, Acacia species,
and Tephrosia species.
[3].
List of Habitats:
- 1 Forest
- 1.5 Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Dry
- 2 Savanna
- 2.1 Savanna - Dry
- 2.2 Savanna - Moist
- 3 Shrubland
- 3.4 Shrubland - Temperate
- 3.5 Shrubland - Subtropical/Tropical Dry
- 3.6 Shrubland - Subtropical/Tropical Moist
- 4 Grassland
- 4.4 Grassland - Temperate
- 4.5 Grassland - Subtropical/Tropical Dry
- 4.6 Grassland - Subtropical/Tropical Seasonally Wet/Flooded
- 4.7 Grassland - Subtropical/Tropical High Altitude
- 14 Artificial/Terrestrial
- 14.1 Artificial/Terrestrial - Arable Land
- 14.2 Artificial/Terrestrial - Pastureland
- 14.3 Artificial/Terrestrial - Plantations
- 14.4 Artificial/Terrestrial - Rural Gardens
- 14.5 Artificial/Terrestrial - Urban Areas
- 14.6 Artificial/Terrestrial - Subtropical/Tropical Heavily Degraded Former Forest [more info]
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Animalia
()
- C. Linnaeus, 1758
- animals
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
()
- (Hatschek, 1888) Cavalier-Smith, 1983
- Branch:
Protostomia
()
- Grobben, 1908
- Infrakingdom:
Ecdysozoa
()
- A.M.A. Aguinaldo et al., 1997 ex T. Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Superphylum:
Panarthropoda
()
- Cuvier
- Phylum:
Arthropoda
()
- Latreille, 1829
- Arthropods
- Subphylum:
Mandibulata
()
- Snodgrass, 1938
- Infraphylum:
Atelocerata
()
- Heymons, 1901
- Superclass:
Panhexapoda
()
- Epiclass:
Hexapoda
()
- Class:
Insecta
()
- C. Linnaeus, 1758
- Insects
- Subclass:
Dicondylia
()
- Infraclass:
Pterygota
()
- Cohort:
Myoglossata
()
- Superorder:
Panorpida
()
- Order:
Lepidoptera
()
- C. Linnaeus, 1758
- Butterflies and Moths
- Infraorder:
Heteroneura
()
- Family:
Pieridae
()
- Whites and Yellows (Sulphurs)
- Subfamily:
Coliadinae
()
- Subfamily:
Coliadinae
(
- Family:
Pieridae
(
- Infraorder:
Heteroneura
(
- Order:
Lepidoptera
(
- Superorder:
Panorpida
(
- Cohort:
Myoglossata
(
- Infraclass:
Pterygota
(
- Subclass:
Dicondylia
(
- Class:
Insecta
(
- Epiclass:
Hexapoda
(
- Superclass:
Panhexapoda
(
- Infraphylum:
Atelocerata
(
- Subphylum:
Mandibulata
(
- Phylum:
Arthropoda
(
- Superphylum:
Panarthropoda
(
- Infrakingdom:
Ecdysozoa
(
- Branch:
Protostomia
(
- Subkingdom:
Bilateria
(
- Kingdom:
Animalia
(
Notes
Name
Status: Accepted Name
.
Last scrutiny: 30-Mar-2008
A large number of subspecies
are described for this extremely widespread
butterfly.[3].
Similar Species
Members of the genus Eurema
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 13 species and subspecies in this genus:
E. albula (Ghost Yellow) · E. andersoni (One-Spot Yellow Grass) · E. boisduvaliana (Boisduval's Yellow) · E. brigitta (Small Grass Yellow) · E. daira (Barred Yellow) · E. dina (Dina Yellow) · E. lisa (Little Sulphur) · E. lisae (Little Yellow) · E. mexicana (Mexican Yellow) · E. nicippe (Sleepy Orange) · E. nise (Mimosa Yellow) · E. proterpia (Tailed Orange) · E. salome (Salome Yellow)
More Info
- Search for Pictures: images.google.com
- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
- Madagascar: an environmental profile IUCN Conservation Monitoring Centre url p. 197.
- Proceedings and transactions of the South London Entomological & Natural History Society. London: The Society. url p. 125, p. 53.
- The Entomologist's record and journal of variation. s.l., s.n. url p. 253, p. 254, p. 260, p. 266, p. 68.
Notes
Contributors
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.
- IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. . Downloaded on January 28, 2012.
- Larsen, T. 2011. Eurema brigitta. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloadedon 01February2012.
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal February 26, 2008:
- Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO Entomology: Australian National Insect Collection
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 3387407
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Gar-1991
- IUCN ID: 209267
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 1444059
Footnotes
- http://www.butterfliesandmoths.org/taxonomy?f=15&sci=Pieridae&com=Whites and Sulphurs [back]
- Mean = 889.860 meters (2,919.488 feet), Standard Deviation = 1,186.090 based on 14 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]
- Larsen, T. 2011. Eurema brigitta. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 01 February 2012. [back]
