Burhinus grallarius

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Near Threatened

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 5,031 meters (0 to 16,506 feet).[1]

Ecology: It is a resident of open forest and woodland, preferring a scattering of fallen timber and ground carpeted with dead leaves. The species feeds nocturnally on insects taken from the ground and is thought to forage primarily in open country, including paddocks and stubble in agricultural areas5,8 (in urban coastal areas birds forage on ovals , mudflats and saltmarsh)9. Pairs occupy stable territories and display long-term site fidelity8. During the non-breeding season , individuals may gather in small flocks8.

[2].

List of Habitats :

•     1     Forest   
  
•     1.5     Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Dry   
  
•     3     Shrubland   
  
•     3.5     Shrubland - Subtropical/Tropical Dry   
  
•     4     Grassland   
  
•     4.5     Grassland - Subtropical/Tropical Dry   
  
•     14     Artificial/Terrestrial   
  
•     14.1     Artificial/Terrestrial - Arable Land   
  
•     14.2     Artificial/Terrestrial - Pastureland   
  
•     14.5     Artificial/Terrestrial - Urban Areas   
[more info]

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Burhinus grallarius (Latham, 1801) • Burhinus grallarius (Latham, 1802)

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 17-Oct-2001

Similar Species

Members of the genus Burhinus

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 22 species and subspecies in this genus:

B. bistriatus (Double-Striped Thick Knee) · B. bistriatus bistriatus (Double-Striped Stone-Curlew) · B. capensis (Cape Thicknee) · B. capensis capensis (Spotted Thick-Knee) · B. capensis damarensis (Dahlak Island Thick-Knee) · B. capensis dodsoni (Arabian Thick-Knee) · B. capensis maculosus (Cape Dikkop) · B. grallarius (Bush Stone-Curlew) · B. indicus (Indian Stone Curlew) · B. magnirostris (Beach Thick-Knee) · B. oedicnemus (Eurasian Stone-Curlew) · B. oedicnemus distinctus (Stone Curlew) · B. oedicnemus harterti (Central Eurasian Thick-Knee) · B. oedicnemus insularum (Eastern Canarian Eurasian Thick-Knee) · B. oedicnemus oedicnemus (Eurasian Stone-Curlew) · B. oedicnemus saharae (East Mediterranean Eurasian Thick-Knee) · B. senegalensis (Senegal Stone-Curlew) · B. senegalensis inornatus (North-East African Senegal Thick-Knee) · B. senegalensis senegalensis (Senegal Stone-Curlew) · B. superciliaris (Peruvian Stone-Curlew) · B. vermiculatus (Water Thick-Knee) · B. vermiculatus vermiculatus (Water Thick-Knee)

More Info

• Search for Pictures: images.google.com
• Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
• Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
• Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books

Further Reading

• A handbook of the birds of Tasmania and its dependencies. Launceston, Tasmania, The author, 1910. url .
• A handbook of the destructive insects of Victoria: with notes on the methods to be adopted to check and extirpate them / prepared by order of the Victorian Dept. of Agriculture by C. French. Melbourne: Robt. S. Brain, 1891-1911. url , p. 153, p. 153, p. 166, p. 166, p. 166.
• Animal life and the world of nature: a magazine of natural history throughout the world. London: Hutchinson, 1902-1904. url .
• Annals of tropical medicine and parasitology. LiverpoolUniversity Press [etc.] url p. 407.
• Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum. London, 1874-98. url p. 18, p. 19, p. 722.
• Catalogue of the Collection of Birds' Eggs in the British Museum / By E. W. Oates [and afterwards] by S. G. Reid [and] W. R. Ogilvie-Grant. London, 1901-12. url p. 364, p. 83.
• Catalogue of the collection of birds' eggs in the British museum (Natural history). London: Printed by order of the Trustees, 1901-12. url p. 83.
• Guide to the Gallery of Birds in the Department of Zoology, British Museum (Natural History). London: Printed by order of the Trustees, 1921. url p. 55.
• Guide to the gallery of birds in the department of zoology, British Museum (Natural History) London: Printed by order of the Trustees, 1921. url p. 55.
• Handbook to The birds of Australia. By John Gould. LondonPub. by the author, 1865. url p. 210, p. 210.
• Key to North American birds. Containing a concise account of every species of living and fossil bird at present known from the continent north of the Mexican and United States boundary, inclusive of Greenland and lower California By Elliot Coues. Boston, D. Estes and Company, 1903. url p. 767.
• Natural history, by R. Lydekker [and others] London, Hutchinson, 1897. url p. 731.
• Papers and proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania. Hobart, Tasmania, The Society. url p. 98.
• Proceedings of the United States National Museum. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, [etc.] url p. 483.
• Report on the progress and condition of the U.S. National Museum for the year ending June 30. .. / Smithsonian Institution, United States National Museum. Washington: G.P.O., 1907-1951. url p. 158.
• Smithsonian miscellaneous collections. 22 1882 Washington: Smithsonian Institution, 1862-1968. url p. 329.
• Some useful Australian birds / Walter W. Froggatt. Sydney: W.A. Gullick, Govt. Printer, 1921. url p. 62.
• Some useful Australian birds. Sydney, W.A. Gullick, Govt. Printer, 1921. url p. 62.
• The Australian zoologist. Sydney, Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales url p. 105, p. 112.
• The Avicultural magazine. Ascot, Berkshire, etc.: Avicultural Society, etc. url , .
• The Emu: official organ of the Australasian Ornithologists' Union. Melbourne: Royal Australasian Ornithologists Union, 1901- url p. 1, p. 100, p. 107, p. 11, p. 119, p. 12, p. 124, p. 125, p. 125, p. 13, p. 131, p. 136, p. 139, p. 141, p. 145, p. 149, p. 168, p. 186, p. 188, p. 189, p. 19, p. 20, p. 22, p. 228, p. 228, p. 229, p. 239, p. 24, p. 247, p. 247, p. 248, p. 252, p. 26, p. 27, p. 35, p. 40, p. 43, p. 48, p. 56, p. 70, p. 75, p. 79, p. 85, p. 91, p. 99.
• The Victorian naturalist. [Melbourne]Field Naturalists Club of Victoria. url p. 149, p. 61, p. 79.
• The birds of Australia, London [etc.]Whitcombe and Tombs Limited, 1911. url , , , , .
• The geographical distribution of the family Charadriidae, or the plovers, sandpipers, snipes, and their allies / London; H. Sotheran & Co., [1888] url p. 508, p. 84.
• The history of the collections contained in the natural history departments of the British Museum. by R. Bowdler Sharpe. London, 1906. url p. 148.
• The world's birds a simple and popular classification of the birds of the world, by Frank Finn. With over 50 illustrations from photographs (mostly taken from living specimens) and outline figures in the text. London, Hutchinson & co., 1908. url p. 162, p. 162.
• Wild life of the world: a descriptive survey of the geographical distribution of animals / London; F. Warne and co., 1916. url p. 257, p. 397, p. 422.

Notes

Contributors

• BirdLife International 2004. Burhinus grallarius. In: IUCN 2006. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 21 October 2006.
• BirdLife International 2007. In IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCNRedList.org. Downloaded July 18, 2008.
• BirdLife International 2008. Burhinus grallarius. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloadedon 31January2012.
• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 15, 2012.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed March 09, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 3 providers.
• IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. . Downloaded on January 28, 2012.
• Peterson, Alan P. Zoological Nomenclature Resource. Accessed June 19, 2009.
• Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal March 09, 2008:

• Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility: Provincial Museum of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada. Birds (Aves)
• OZCAM (Online Zoological Collections of Australian Museums) Provider: Online Zoological Collections of Australian Museums
• University of Michigan Museum of Zoology (UMMZ): Bird specimens

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 8192
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-558950
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 2481009
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 558950
• IUCN ID: 196428
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 130063

Footnotes

1. Mean = 654.480 meters (2,147.244 feet), Standard Deviation = 830.560 based on 32,630 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]
2. BirdLife International 2008. Burhinus grallarius. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 31 January 2012. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.