Aquila audax

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 5,093 meters (0 to 16,709 feet).[1]

Ecology: List of Habitats :

•     1     Forest   
  
•     1.5     Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Dry   
  
•     1.6     Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland   
  
•     1.9     Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane   
  
•     2     Savanna   
  
•     2.1     Savanna - Dry   
  
•     3     Shrubland   
  
•     3.4     Shrubland - Temperate   
  
•     4     Grassland   
  
•     4.4     Grassland - Temperate   
[more info]

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Aquila audax (Latham, 1801) • Aquila audax (Latham, 1802)

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 17-Oct-2001

Similar Species

Members of the genus Aquila

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 23 species and subspecies in this genus:

A. adalberti (Spanish Imperial Eagle) · A. africanus (Cassin's Hawk Eagle) · A. audax (Wedge-Tailed Eagle) · A. audax audax (Wedge-Tailed Eagle) · A. chrysaetos (White-Tailed Eagle) · A. chrysaetos canadensis (Golden Eagle) · A. chrysaetos chrysaetos (Golden Eagle) · A. clanga (Greater Spotted Eagle) · A. fasciatus (Bonelli's Eagle) · A. gurneyi (Gurney's Eagle) · A. hastata (Indian Spotted Eagle) · A. heliaca (Eastern Imperial Eagle) · A. heliaca adalberti (Spanish Imperial Eagle) · A. heliaca heliaca (Eastern Imperial Eagle) · A. nipalensis (Steppe Eagle) · A. nipalensis nipalensis (Steppe Eagle) · A. pennata (Scaleless Dragonfish) · A. pomarina (Lesser Spotted Eagle) · A. pomarina pomarina (Lesser Spotted Eagle) · A. rapax (African Tawny-Eagle) · A. rapax rapax (African Tawny-Eagle) · A. verreauxii (Verreaux’s Eagle) · A. wahlbergi (Wahlberg's Eagle)

More Info

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Further Reading

• A List of birds' eggs in the collection of Mr. William Stoate, Wembdon, Bridgewater. [188-?] url p. 2.
• A catalogue of the menagerie and aviary at Knowsley: formed by the late Earl of Derby. .. which will be sold by auction / by Mr. J.C. Stevens, on the premises, Knowsley Hall, near Liverpool, on Monday, 6th October, 1851. .. Liverpool: Joshua Walmsley, 1851. url p. 15.
• A key to the birds of Australia and Tasmania with their geographical distribution in Australia, by Robert Hall. Melbourne, Melville, Mullen and Slade, [pref 1899] url .
• A key to the birds of Australia: with their geographical distribution / by Robert Hall. London [England]: R. H. Porter, [1906?] url , , p. 2.
• Austral avian record; a scientific journal devoted primarily to the study of the Australian avifauna. London: Witherby. url p. 107, p. 142, p. 164.
• Bulletin / Peabody Museum of Natural History. 1972 New Haven: Peabody Museum of Natural History, url fig. 14, p. 97.
• Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College. 123 1961 Cambridge, Mass.: The Museum, 1863- url p. 409.
• Catalogue of the Australian birds in the Australian Museum, Sydney, N.S.W.. .. by E.P. Ramsay. .. Sydney, W.A. Gullick, 1874-1898. url p. 23, p. 24, p. 5.
• Catalogue of the Birds in the British Museum. London, 1874-98. url p. 231.
• Catalogue of the collection of birds' eggs in the British museum (Natural history). London: Printed by order of the Trustees, 1901-12. url p. 261.
• Check-list of birds of the world. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1931-1987. url p. 382.
• Checklist of CITES Species CITES, WCMC url p. 102, p. 238, p. 95, p. 96.
• Checklist of CITES Species: a reference to the appendices to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora CITES url p. 239, p. 56, p. 57, p. 65.
• Checklist of birds listed in the CITES appendices and in EC Regulation 338/97 JNCC url p. 32.
• Companion to Gould's Handbook; or, Synopsis of the birds of Australia. Containing nearly one-third of the whole, or about 220 examples, for the most part from the original drawings. 1 1877 Brisbane, Thorne & Greenwell, 1877. url p. , p. III.
• Descriptive catalogue of the nests & eggs of birds found breeding in Australia and Tasmania. Sydney, F. W. White, Printer.1889. url , , .
• Fanciers' journal and land & water. Hartford [Conn.]: Joseph M. Wade, [1877] url p. 235.
• Handbook to The birds of Australia. By John Gould. LondonPub. by the author, 1865. url p. 585, p. 585, p. 68, p. 68, p. 8, p. 8, p. 9.
• IUCN Directory of Protected Areas in Oceania IUCN url p. 230, p. 435.
• Ibis. [London]Published for the British Ornithologists' Union by Academic Press. url , , p. 149, p. 171, p. 207, p. 208, p. 51.
• International catalogue of scientific literature. LondonPublished for the International Council by the Royal Society of London1901-1920 url p. 107.
• Knowledge. v. 1-40; Nov. 1881-Dec. 1917. LondonWyman [etc.] url p. 94.
• List of the specimens of birds in the collection of the British Museum. London: Printed by the order of the Trustees, 1848-1856. url p. 12.
• List of the vertebrated animals living in the gardens of the Zoological Society of London. London: Printed for the Society, 1862. url p. 34.
• List of the vertebrated animals now or lately living in the gardens of the Zoological Society of London. London, Printed for the Society, 1896. url p. 390, p. 390.
• List of vertebrated animals living in the gardens of the Zoological Society of London. .. London, Printed for the Society, 1866. url p. 119.
• Nature. London, etc., Macmillan Journals Ltd., etc. url p. 200, p. 235, p. 256, p. 542, p. 547, p. 573.
• On the intestinal tract of birds; with remarks on the valuation and nomenclature of zoological characters. By P. Chalmers Mitchell. .. London, 1901 url p. 208.
• Ornithological synonyms. By the late Hugh Edwin Strickland. .. Ed. by Mrs. Hugh E. Strickland and Sir W. Jardine. .. Vol. I. Accipitres. London, J. Van Voorst, 1855. url , p. 62.
• Papers and proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania. Hobart, Tasmania, The Society. url , , , , , , p. 96.
• Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. Philadelphia, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia url p. 359.
• Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales. Sydney, Linnean Society of New South Wales. url , , , p. 1163, p. 1773, p. 216, p. 238, p. 240, p. 398, p. 411.
• Proceedings of the Royal Society of Queensland. [Brisbane, Royal Society of Queensland]1885- url p. 119, p. 24.
• Proceedings of the Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales. Mosman, New South Wales [etc.]The Society. url p. 13, p. 24, p. 43.
• Proceedings of the United States National Museum. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, [etc.] url p. 563, p. 653.
• Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. London: Academic Press, [etc.], 1833-1965. url , p. 1007, p. 1038, p. 1038, p. 1050, p. 1054, p. 123, p. 288, p. 393, p. 578, p. 609, p. 609, p. 634, p. 670, p. 681, p. 681, p. 69, p. 692, p. 699, p. 699, p. 713, p. 713, p. 717, p. 718, p. 737, p. 737, p. 787, p. 815, p. 954, p. 954.
• Records of the Australian Museum. Sydney: Printed by order of the Trustees, 1890- url p. 237.
• Revised list of the vertebrated animals now or lately living in the gardens of the Zoological society of London. 1872. London, Printed for the Society, [1872] url p. 216.
• Revue méthodique et critique des collections déposées dans cet établissement. Leyden, Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie. url p. 53.
• The Annals and magazine of natural history; zoology, botany, and geology being a continuation of the Annals combined with Loudon and Charlesworth's Magazine of Natural History. London, Taylor and Francis, Ltd. url p. 178, p. 189.
• The Australian zoologist. Sydney, Royal Zoological Society of New South Wales url p. 45.
• The Canadian field-naturalist. Ottawa, Ottawa Field-Naturalists' Club. url p. 282.
• The Ecology of arboreal folivores: a symposium held at the Conservation and Research Center, National Zoological Park, Smithsonian Institution, May 29-31, 1975 / Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1978. url p. 323.
• The Emu: official organ of the Australasian Ornithologists' Union. Melbourne: Royal Australasian Ornithologists Union, 1901- url p. 160, p. 161, p. 168, p. 184, p. 5.
• The Victorian naturalist. [Melbourne]Field Naturalists Club of Victoria. url p. 110, p. 164, p. 193, p. 3, p. 35, p. 59, p. 63, p. 64, p. 84, p. 90, p. 94, p. 98, p. 99.
• The birds of Australia, London [etc.]Whitcombe and Tombs Limited, 1911. url .
• The birds of India: being a natural history of all the birds known to inhabit continental India, with descriptions of the species, genera, families, tribes, and orders, and a brief notice of such families as are not foun Calcutta: Printed for the Author by the Military Orphan Press. .., 1862-1864. url p. 64.
• The collected scientific papers of the late Alfred Henry Garrod, M.A., F.R.S. / edited, with a biographical memoir of the author, by W.A. Forbes. London: R.H. Porter, 1881. url p. 523.
• The sense of touch in mammals and birds: with special reference to the papillary ridges / by Walter Kidd. With 164 illustrations from drawings and micro-photographs. London: A and C. Black, 1907. url p. 130, p. 6.
• The standard natural history. Ed. by John Sterling Kingsley. Boston, S.E. Cassino and company, 1884-85. url p. 333.
• Transactions and proceedings and report of the Royal Society of South Australia (Incorporated). 28 1904 Adelaide: W.C. Rigby, 1904-1911. url p. 34.
• Transactions and proceedings of the New Zealand Institute. Wellington: New Zealand Institute. url , p. 196, p. 64, p. 65, p. 65, p. 66, p. 68, p. 70, p. 70, p. 71, p. 71, p. 72, p. 72.
• Transactions of the Linnean Society of London. London: [The Society], 1879- url p. 502.
• Transactions of the Royal Society of South Australia. 16 1892-1896 Adelaide, Australia: The Society, 1890-1903. url p. 156, p. 166, p. 188, p. 22, p. 317, p. 323.
• Transactions of the Zoological Society of London. [London]: Published for the Zoological Society of London by Academic Press url p. 380, p. 380, p. 585.
• World Checklist of Threatened Birds Joint Nature Conservation Committee url p. 30.
• Zoologist. London.1843-1916 url p. 29.

Notes

Contributors

• BirdLife International 2004. Aquila audax. In: IUCN 2006. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. and lt;www.iucnredlist.org and gt;. Downloaded on 21 October 2006.
• BirdLife International 2004. In IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCNRedList.org. Downloaded July 18, 2008.
• BirdLife International 2009. Aquila audax. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloadedon 30January2012.
• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 and ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 31, 2012.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed March 10, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 3 providers.
• IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. . Downloaded on January 28, 2012.
• Peterson, Alan P. Zoological Nomenclature Resource. Accessed June 19, 2009.
• Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal March 10, 2008:

• Biologiezentrum der Oberoesterreichischen Landesmuseen: Biologiezentrum Linz
• Museum of Vertebrate Zoology: Terrestrial vertebrate specimens
• OZCAM (Online Zoological Collections of Australian Museums) Provider: Online Zoological Collections of Australian Museums
• University of Michigan Museum of Zoology (UMMZ): Bird specimens

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 8647
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-175410
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 2481009
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 175410
• IUCN ID: 192267
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 134099

Footnotes

1. Mean = 669.930 meters (2,197.933 feet), Standard Deviation = 894.940 based on 104,143 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.