Anthocharis euphenoides

• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Description

Family Pieridae

'The Pieridae are members of the Superfamily Papilionoidea, the true butterflies. Worldwide in distribution, most species are found in the tropics. Adults have medium to small wings that are white, yellow, or orange, with some black or red, and many have hidden ultraviolet patterns that are used in courtship . Species with more than one generation usually have distinct seasonal variation in appearance . Adults of all species visit flowers for nectar, and adults of both sexes have three pairs of walking legs . Males patrol in search of receptive mates, and females lay columnar eggs on leaves, buds, and stems. The majority of caterpillars of North American whites and sulphurs feed on legumes or crucifers (members of the Mustard family ). Typically, temperate species overwinter in the pupal or larval stage , while tropical species overwinter as adults.

'[1]

Subfamily Pierinae

Whites, marbles, and orangetips are members of the Family Pieridae. In North America, 31 species are included . Adults of most species are predominantly white above with some black pattern elements , and their hindwings often have a pattern of yellow and black scales that appear green. Sexes of most species are only slightly dimorphic , though male orangetips have bright orange wingtips. Nearly all adults are avid flower visitors. The males of almost all North American species patrol open, sunny habitats for females, although males of some tropical whites (e.g. Mexican Dartwhite) perch along ravines . Caterpillars of most western whites feed on mustards, though some use capers and others, pineneedles. All species overwinter in the chrysalis stage, and some orangetips and marbles may pass several unfavorable years in the chrysalis stage before hatching .[2]

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 511 meters (0 to 1,677 feet).[3]

Ecology: This butterfly inhabits warm, dry places with flower-rich, grassy vegetation and scattered bushes. Eggs are laid one by one on the flowerbuds of various crucifers, such as the buckler mustards Biscutella laevigata and B . auriculata, London Rocket (Sisymbrium irio) and Hedge Mustard (S. officinale). The caterpillars feed mainly on ovaries, but at times are also cannibalistic. This species hibernates as a pupa and has one generation a year. Habitats : sclerophyllous scrub (25%), dry calcareous grasslands and steppes (16%), dry siliceous grasslands (16%), phrygana (8%), alpine and subalpine grasslands (8%), broad-leaved deciduous forests (8%), broad-leaved evergreen woodland (8%), inland sand-dunes (8%). (Ref. 254323).

List of Habitats:

•     3     Shrubland   
  
•     3.8     Shrubland - Mediterranean-type Shrubby Vegetation   
[more info]

Taxonomy

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

First described: Staudinger, O. Bemerkungen über einige zweifelhafte oder verkannte Lepidoptera, besonders nach den Sammlungen von Ochsenheimer und Treitschke bestimmt. Staudinger, O. (1869) Bemerkungen über einige zweifelhafte oder verkannte Lepidoptera, besonders nach den Sammlungen von Ochsenheimer und Treitschke bestimmt. Entomologische Zeitung. Herausgegeben von dem entomologischen Vereine zu Stettin 30 (1-3): 84-93, 1869.

Comment: ST (presumably coll. Esper)

Last scrutiny: 29-Aug-2007

Similar Species

Members of the genus Anthocharis

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 19 species and subspecies in this genus:

A. belia (Morocco Orange Tip) · A. belia belia (Morocco Orange Tip) · A. cardamines (Orange Tip) · A. cardamines cardamines (Orange Tip) · A. cethura (Desert Orangetip) · A. cethura catalina (Catalina Orange Tip) · A. cethura cethura (Felder's Orange Tip) · A. damone (Eastern Orange Tip) · A. euphenoides (Provence Orange-Tip) · A. julia (Southern Rocky Mountain Orangetip) · A. lanceolata (Gray Marble) · A. lanceolata desertolimbus (Gray Marble) · A. midea (Falcate Orangetip) · A. midea annickae (Falcate Orangetip) · A. sara (Pacific Orangetip) · A. sara alaskensis (Alaskan Orange Tip) · A. stella (Stella Orangetip) · A. stella browningi (Browning's Orange Tip) · A. thoosa (Southwestern Orangetip)

More Info

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• Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books

Further Reading

• Annual report / Albany: University of the State of New York, 1902-1918. url p. 66.
• Riviera nature notes / a popular account of the more striking plants and animals of the Riviera and the Maritime Alps. London: Bernard Quaritch, 1903. url .
• Science-gossip. Berlin: R. Friedländer & Sohn, [1894]-1902. url p. 289, p. 334.
• The Entomologist's monthly magazine. Oxford [etc.]Entomologist's Monthly Magazine Ltd. [etc.] url p. 202, p. 282, p. 91.
• The Entomologist's record and journal of variation. s.l., s.n. url p. 123, p. 193, p. 194, p. 195, p. 28, p. 280, p. 3, p. 302, p. 5, p. 6, p. 72, p. 81.
• The Entomologist. London: Simpkin, Marshall & Co., [1877- url , p. 109, p. 128, p. 137, p. 347, p. 91.
• The collected scientific papers of the late William Alexander Forbes, Edited by F. E. Beddard. With a preface by P. L. Sclater. London, R.H. Porter, 1885. url p. 167.

Notes

Contributors

• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 15, 2012.
• GloBIS (GART): Global Butterfly Information System. Release date: November 23, 2008
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed February 26, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 2 providers.
• IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. . Downloaded on January 28, 2012.
• LepIndex: The Global Lepidoptera Names Index
• Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.
• The Global Lepidoptera Names Index2, 12.2, 2005.
• van Swaay, C., Wynhoff, I., Verovnik, R., Wiemers, M., López Munguira, M., Maes, D., Sasic, M., Verstrael, T., Warren, M. & Settele, J. 2010. Anthocharis euphenoides. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloadedon 30January2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal February 26, 2008:

• European Environment Agency: EUNIS
• GBIF-Spain: BDBCV BioBlitz in Penyagolosa (Castellón, Spain)
• SysTax
• SysTax: Lobbecke Museum Dusseldorf

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2965219
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Gar-1005
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13727523
• IUCN ID: 191513
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 633458

Footnotes

1. http://www.butterfliesandmoths.org/taxonomy?f=15&sci=Pieridae&com=Whites and Sulphurs [back]
2. http://bugguide.net/index.php?q=search&keys=Creusa&search=Search [back]
3. Mean = -371.600 meters (-1,219.160 feet), Standard Deviation = 1,212.770 based on 5 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.