Trichia crenulata

Species Trichia crenulata

Sporocarps gregarious or crowded, sessile or with a short, stout, black stalk , rarely subplasmodiocarpous. Sporotheca shining yellow, globose , obovoid or somewhat elongate , 0.5-0.9 mm wide. Peridium membranous. Hypothallus broadly expanded, inconspicuous. Capillitium of simple or rarely branched elaters, 3-5 µm diam., bearing 2(-3) irregular spiral bands , these prominent and in places remote , the apices often swollen behind the conical tip . Spore-mass yellow to orange-yellow. Spores dull pale yellow, verruculose , 12-14 µm diam. Plasmodium white. The Alisidium state of the Hyphomycete Botryobasidium aureum Parm. may easily be mistaken in the field for T. varia.

Sporocarpous or subplasmodiocarpous, scattered subglobose or annulate , constricted at the base , olivaceous yellow or brownish yellow, 0.5-0.6 mm diam. Hypothallus inconspicuous. Peridium single, shining, membranous, granulate and subcartilaginous in mounts . Dehiscence irregular, but the peridium generally rupturing above leaving the lower portion intact. Capillitium-mass yellow, tawny or ochraceous yellow by TL , composed of numerous free , tubular elaters, 7-7.5 µm diam., mostly simple but occasionally branched, marked by 4-5 compact spirals, smooth , uniform in width , the tips slightly swollen and ending in a slender point , c. 30-35 µm long. Spore-mass yellow. Spores pale yellow, subglobose or globose, 9-12 µm diam., decorated with long, stout warts which are arranged in a subreticulate pattern .

Sporocarps sessile, crowded on a well-developed, dark hypothallus. Sporothecae globose or occasionally turbinate , (0.4-)0.5-0.7(-0.8) mm diam., dull orange or golden brown. Peridium membranous, smooth, shining. Capillitium consisting of long, simple elaters, 5-6 µm diam., bearing 3-4 closely-wound, regular, spinulose spiral bands, the apices short and acuminate. Capillitium and spore mass deep yellow to rusty orange. Spores yellow, delicately reticulate , (9-)10-12 µm diam. Plasmodium white.

Sporocarps sessile, clustered, subglobose, 0.5-0.8 mm diam., shining ochraceous to yellow-brown, seated on a common, yellow-brown hypothallus. Peridium membranous, shining, the inside marked with rows of warts which are often arranged in lines . Capillitium of ochraceous-yellow elaters, 4-6 µm diam., marked with 4-5 closely-set spiral bands and studded with short spines, longitudinal striae inconspicuous. Spore-mass ochraceous yellow. Spores pale yellow, 11-14 µm diam., marked with a broken reticulation of small meshes, the non-reticulate areas covered with large warts, border incomplete in optical section . Plasmodium white.

Sporocarps formed in small groups, stalked , (1.2-)1.4(-1.5) mm high. Sporotheca globose, well defined from the stalk, (310-)535(-700) µm diam., dark reddish-brown with a network of yellow bands. Hypothallus inconspicuous, membranous, blackish-brown. Stalk cylindrical, erect , (0.5-)0.75(-1.0) mm high, (70-)147(-197) µm diam., black, opaque , sometimes with 2-3 stalks merged. Peridium double , dehiscing in the upper part of the sporotheca along bands into angular patches and the base remaining as a small cup , the outer layer thick, including granular refuse material , maize yellow by TL, the inner layer membranous, translucent , pale yellow, its inner side covered with an arched pattern of warts and warted striae. A fold in the centre of each peridial segment forms a papilla. Elaters golden yellow to amber yellow by TL, long, with 1-3 short pointed ends (6.5-20 µm), sometimes with small expansions below the tip, rarely with short side-branches up to 15 µm long, (3.2-)4.5-5 µm diam including the ornamentation, decorated with 3-4 spirals with a double crest, which is partly covered with scattered warts, and appearing rough and fringed under a optical-microscope. Spore-mass yellow. Spores wheat yellow to chamois, minutely warted (OI), 9-10.3 µm diam., with an inconspicuous germination area. Plasmodium egg-yellow.

Plasmodium white. Sporocarps dispersed or solitary, 0.6-1.5 mm tall. Hypothallus dark brown, very small, discoid . Stalk 2-2.5 times the sporotheca diam., grooved , dark brown, containing refuse matter, dark by TL. Sporotheca spherical or obovate , c. 0.3 mm diam., yellow-brown, grey or purple, often with some thin pale bands. Peridium shiny, double, the outer layer locally thickened with refuse matter and thick except on the paler bands where the contents of the sporotheca show through, the inner membranous, thin, dehiscing along the pale bands. Elaters unbranched, c. 4 µm diam., sometimes with swellings, gradually tapered into 30-40 µm long points. Spores 9-12 µm diam., covered with c. 0.5 µm high warts which are wider at the top and form a border in optical section. May resemble Licea operculata in habit and colour but the two spp. are distinct microscopically.

Plasmodiocarpous or sporocarpous, sessile, in groups or solitary, 0.5 mm high, 0.5 mm wide, 0.5-7 mm long. Hypothallus absent. Peridium double, the outer layer dull blackish brown, washing away to give the impression of being dirt collected whilst in a moist state and deposited on the underlying layer, usually oily in part showing the glossy inner layer at maturity, which then looks olivaceous brown from the underlying spore-mass, the inner layer thin, glossy, translucent and ochraceous by TL, very minutely warted and with a few larger scattered warts. Dehiscence irregular. Capillitium of ochraceous yellow threads, 2.6-3 µm diam., flexuose, with 3-4 regular, tightly wound, smooth, spiral bands, the free ends swollen into a small, 5 µm diam., bulbous thickening which ends in an 8-9 µm long point. Spore-mass olivaceous brown. Spores ochraceous yellow, subglobose, densely verruculose, (13-)14-15 µm diam., with a thin hyaline wall.

Sporocarps solitary to gregarious, 1.4-1.7 mm total height . Sporotheca globose or turbinate, 0.3-0.4 mm diam., dark red-brown to nearly black. Peridium cartilaginous with granular material. Dehiscence irregular, fugacious above, persisting as a deep cup below. Stalk thick, 1.1-1.3 mm long, tapered upwards. Hypothallus membranous or inconspicuous. Capillitium yellow by TL, consisting of simple, unbranched, long elaters, 4.7-5.2 µm diam., tapered gradually to the tip, bearing 3-4 irregular smooth spiral bands, connected by longitudinal striae, becoming longitudinal, straight and parallel at the tip. Spore-mass dark brown. Spores pale yellow, globose or subglobose, 7.5-8(-9) µm diam., verruculose. Plasmodium unknown. On dead wood and litter .

Sporocarps sessile, closely gregarious or crowded on a dark, well-developed common hypothallus, purplish brown to dark ochraceous, often paler below, depressed-globose, oval or forming short, curved or annular plasmodicarps, 0.5-1 mm wide. Peridium somewhat iridescent , thin, translucent, but finely granular. Dehiscence irregular. Capillitium consisting of a mixture of very long to very short of elaters within the same sporotheca, simple, uneven, abruptly contracted to the often bifurcate tips, marked throughout with a few scattered, blunt spines and warts, with 3-4 mostly imperfectly developed spirals which are sometimes broken and replaced for a distance by half-rings. Capillitium-spore-mass ochraceous brown. Spore-mass brown. Spores densely verrucose , pale brown, 11-13 µm diam. Plasmodium bright pink.

Plasmodium pink. Sporocarps scattered, sessile, subglobose on a constricted base, 0.3-0.5 mm diam. Hypothallus inconspicuous. Peridium thin, membranous, with a granular surface. Capillitium of short elaters, 3 µm diam., with 2 spiral bands, smooth, with blunt ends. Spore-mass pale ochraceous. Spores pale yellow, faintly warted, 7-9.5 µm diam. On dung of lagomorphs in coastal areas.

Sporocarps stalked, turbinate, solitary to gregarious, honey-coloured when mature , brownish-yellow when immature , 1-2 mm tall. Sporotheca vase-shaped with a domed operculum, 0.5-1 mm broad. Operculum smooth and shiny, either separating irregularly when the dehiscence-line is not well defined, or circumscissile along a preformed dehiscence line, the surface commonly imprinted with spore impressions. Stalk stout, up to 1.5 mm tall, dark brown, strongly ridged , expanding at the top into the sporotheca, flared at the base into the hypothallus. Hypothallus dark-brown, thin, shiny, fibrous-textured, confluent with the stalk bases of other sporocarps. Capillitium of abundant straight or twisted elaters, pale yellow, 4-5 µm diam., with 2-3 smooth to finely roughened spirals and long-tapered tips. Spores globose, pale yellow, 8-10(-12) µm diam., distinctly banded reticulate.

Sporocarps sessile, clustered, taller than wide, yellow, up to 2 mm tall, 0.6-0.7 mm wide. Hypothallus membranous, colourless. Peridium membranous, the inside marked with irregular stripes. Capillitium of long elaters, 6-8 µm diam., with 4-5 spiral bands separated by longitudinal striae, normally smooth but sometimes with occasional spines, the tips short-tapered and ending in a smooth point. Spore-mass yellow. Spores pale yellow, 13-15 µm diam., with a coarse reticulation of tall bands, 3-5 meshes to the hemisphere, bordered in optical section to 2 µm high. Plasmodium white.

Plasmodium white. Sporocarps stalked, dispersed or in small groups, 1-2.5 mm tall. Hypothallus small, dark. Stalk 0.1-1.0 mm long and 0.2-0.3 mm diam., grooved, dark brown to almost black and opaque. Sporotheca spherical to obconical , 0.4-0.8 mm diam., red, purple-brown to black, with a reticulum of yellow bands in the upper part. Peridium consisting of two closely-connected layers, the outer layer gelatinous and containing patches of refuse matter separated by clear yellow bands, the inner layer membranous and translucent with ring-shaped folds. Dehiscing along thin reticulate bands. Elaters bright yellow or orange-yellow, 3.5-5 µm diam., with 4 spirals which are either smooth or decorated with widely separated spines, the elater tips either blunt or ending in sharp points, about 7-10 µm long. Spores and capillitium mass bright yellow. Spores pale yellow, 11-13 µm diam., densely covered with fine warts which are wider at the top and show as a border in optical section.

Sporocarps gregarious, yellowish brown, on dung. Capillitium arcyrioid and mixed with free elaters frequently with clavate tips, decorated with faint sinistrorse spirals. Stalk packed with spore-like bodies. Spores pale, thin walled. This coprophilous sp. may be synonymous with Trichia brunnea.