Description
Genus Diderma
Sporocarpous, plasmodiocarpous or occasionally pseudo-aethaloid. Peridium with granular lime, typically double , but can be single or triple. In the latter case, crystalline lime may be present in the middle layer. Columella usually conspicuous but sometimes reduced to a thickened base . Capillitium lime-free, consisting of branched and anastomosed threads.
Physical Description
Species Diderma alpinum
Forming sporocarps or short plasmodiocarps, sessile, clustered and closely appressed , 0.7-1.7 mm diam. to plasmodiocarpous and 1.6-2.0 x 0.5-0.7 mm, pulvinate , slightly flattened. Hypothallus either scarcely developed or conspicuous and then calcareous, white to ochraceous yellow. Peridium double , the outer layer white, calcareous, readily separating from the inner, smooth , pinkish-white to grey membranous layer; when lime is lacking, myxocarps are dark, glossy brown. Dehiscence irregular. Columella greyish white to pale ochraceous-orange, variable in shape , pulvinate and then occupying much of the base of the sporotheca, or ± globose and then up to 1 mm diam., the basal peridium lined with an orange membrane . Capillitium abundant, hoary to violaceous white and usually paler than that of D. niveum, consisting of delicate, radiating and sparsely anastomosed, sinuous threads of c. 1 µm diam., which sometimes bear scattered darker nodules, branched and paler towards the periphery. Spore-mass black. Spores purple-brown, (10-)11-13(-14) µm diam., violaceous, distinctly spinulose . SEM shows the ornamentation to be formed by baculae with irregular, ± coralloid apices. Plasmodium white. Nivicole.
Habitat
Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 3,037 meters (0 to 9,964 feet).Mean = 1,180.970 meters (3,874.573 feet), Standard Deviation = 1,658.770 based on 400 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre.
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- Kingdom:
Protozoa
()
- (Goldfuss, 1818) R. Owen, 1858
- Protozoa
- Phylum:
Myxomycota
()
- Class:
Myxomycetes
()
- Order:
Physarales
()
- Family:
Didymiaceae
()
- Genus:
Diderma
()
- Persoon, 1794
- Specific descriptor:
alpinum
- (Meyl.) Meyl., 1917
- Scientific name: - Diderma alpinum (Meyl.) Meyl., 1917
- Specific descriptor:
alpinum
- (Meyl.) Meyl., 1917
- Genus:
Diderma
(
- Family:
Didymiaceae
(
- Order:
Physarales
(
- Class:
Myxomycetes
(
- Phylum:
Myxomycota
(
- Kingdom:
Protozoa
(
Notes
Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: Kirk P.M. , 14-Sep-2005
Similar Species
Members of the genus Diderma
There are approximately 177 species in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:
D. acanthosporum · D. acuminatum · D. albescens · D. alexopouli · D. alpinospumarioides · D. alpinum · D. alpinum f. europaeum · D. alpinum f. microcarpum · D. antarcticola · D. antarcticum · D. arboreum · D. areolatum · D. asteroides · D. asteroides var. lutea · D. atrovirens · D. aurantiacum · D. badhamioid · D. badhamioides · D. badhamiopsis · D. botryosum · D. brooksii · D. brunneobasale · D. brunneobasalis · D. carmichaelianum · D. carneum · D. carneum var. carneum · D. chondrioderma · D. cinereum · D. cingulatum · D. cingulatum var. rimosum · D. cingulatum var. rimosum f. pallidosporum · D. circumdissilens · D. circumscissile · D. compactum · D. complanatum · D. concavum · D. concinnum · D. confluens · D. contortum · D. cor-rubrum · D. corrugatum · D. crassipes · D. cribrosum · D. cristatosporum · D. crustaceum · D. cubense · D. cyanescens · D. darjeelingense · D. deplanatum · D. diadematum · D. donkii · D. donkii var. donkii · D. donkii var. echinosporum · D. effusum · D. effusum var. effusum · D. effusum var. microsporum · D. effusum var. pachytrichon · D. endoleuca · D. evelinae · D. fallax · D. farinaceum · D. flavidum · D. floriforme · D. fragile · D. geasterodes · D. geasteroides · D. gigantocolumellae · D. globosum · D. globosum var. europaeum · D. globosum var. globosum · D. globosum var. roseum · D. gracile · D. gracilis · D. granulatum · D. haemisphaericum · D. hemisphaericum · D. hookeri · D. imperiale · D. imperialis · D. indicum · D. laciniatum · D. lenticulare · D. lepidotum · D. libertianum · D. liceoides · D. lohgadense · D. lucidum · D. lyalii · D. lyallii · D. macrosporum · D. maculatum · D. mariae-wilsoniae · D. marie · D. marieae · D. meyerae · D. microcarpum · D. microsporum · D. miniatum · D. minutum · D. montanum
Bibliography
- Emoto 1977 The Myxomycetes of Japan Sangyo Tosho, Tokyo.:218
- G. Moreno, H. Singer, Illana and A. Sánchez 2003 Studies on Nivicolous Myxomycetes. The Diderma niveum complex in Europe Cryptogamie, Mycologie 24(1):39-58
- Ing 1999 The Myxomycetes of Britain and Ireland Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd.:299
- Lister, A. and G. Lister. 1925. A Monograph of the Mycetozoa ed. 3 Br. Museum (Nat. Hist.).:88
- Martin and Alexopoulos 1969 The Myxomycetes Univ. Iowa Press.:351
- Neubert, Nowotny and Baumann 1991 Myxomyceten aus Deutschland VII. (Mit Berücksichtigung von Vorkommen in Oberöstereich) Carolinea 49:13-26
- Neubert, Nowotny and Baumann 1993/1995/2000 Die Myxomyceten Baumann, Gomaringen. Vol.2:39
- Yamamoto, Y. 1998 The Myxomycete Biota of Japan Toyo Shorin Publishing Co., Ltd.:263
More Info
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Notes
Contributors
- Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 and ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
- Eumycetozoa.com
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed March 02, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 4 providers.
- Mitchell, David W. December 21, 2007. Provided taxonomic information, physical description, and bibliographic content.
- Species Fungorum 2006.
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal March 02, 2008:
- GBIF-Spain: Real Jardin Botanico, Madrid: MA-Fungi
- Staatliche Naturwissenschaftliche Sammlungen Bayerns: The Fungal Collection at the Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Görlitz
- Staatliche Naturwissenschaftliche Sammlungen Bayerns: The Myxomycetes Collection at the V. L. Komarov Botanical Institute, St. Petersburg
- Staatliche Naturwissenschaftliche Sammlungen Bayerns: The Myxomycetes Collections at the Botanische Staatssammlung München - Collection of Hermann Neubert
- Staatliche Naturwissenschaftliche Sammlungen Bayerns: The Myxomycetes Collections at the Botanische Staatssammlung München - Main Collection
- University of Arkansas: Planetary Biodiversity Inventory Eumycetozoan Databank
- University of Vienna, Institute for Botany - Herbarium WU: Herbarium WU
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 3230009
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Eum-356
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 2347020
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:indexfungorum.org:names:356474
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 2006665
