Description
Family Cactaceae
Fleshy
perennials
, shrubs
, trees
or vines
, terrestrial
or epiphytic. Stems jointed
, terete
, globose
, flattened, or fluted
, mostly leafless and variously spiny
. Leaves alternate, flat or subulate
to terete, vestigial
, or entirely absent; spines, glochids (easily detached, small, bristlelike spines), and flowers always arising from cushionlike, axillary
areoles (modified short shoots
) . Flowers solitary, sessile, rarely clustered and stalked (in Pereskia), bisexual
, rarely unisexual
, actinomorphic
or occasionally zygomorphic. Receptacle tube
(hypanthium or perianth tube) absent or short to elongate
, naked or invested with leaflike bracts, scales
, areoles, and hairs
, bristles
, or spines; perianth segments usually numerous
, in a sepaloid
to petaloid
series. Stamens numerous, variously inserted
in throat
and tube; anthers
2-loculed, dehiscing longitudinally. Ovary (pericarpel) inferior, rarely superior, 1-loculed, with 3 to many parietal
(rarely basal) placentas; ovules usually numerous; style
1; stigmas 2 to numerous, papillate
, rarely 2-fid. Fruit juicy or dry, naked, scaly
, hairy
, bristly
, or spiny, indehiscent or dehiscent
, when juicy then pulp derived from often deliquescent funicles
(except in Pereskia) . Seeds usually numerous, often arillate
or strophiolate
; embryo curved
or rarely straight; endosperm present or absent; cotyledons reduced or vestigial, rarely leaflike.
About 110 genera and more than 1000 species: temperate
and tropical
America; Rhipsalis baccifera (J. S. Mueller) Stearn native
in tropical Africa, Madagascar, Comoros, Mascarenes, and Sri Lanka; some species of other genera now extensively naturalized
in the Old World through human agency; more than 60 genera and 600 species cultivated as ornamentals
or hedges
in China, of which four genera and seven species more or less naturalized.Zhen-yu Li & Nigel P. Taylor "Cactaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 13 Page 209. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
)
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
)
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Magnoliophyta
(
)
- Sinnott, 1935 Ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Flowering Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
)
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
)
- Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
(
)
- Brongniart, 1843
- Dicotyledons
- Subclass:
Caryophyllidae
(
)
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder:
Caryophyllanae
(
)
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Order:
Caryophyllales
(
)
- Perleb, 1826
- Suborder:
Portulacineae
(
)
- Suborder:
Portulacineae
(
- Order:
Caryophyllales
(
- Superorder:
Caryophyllanae
(
- Subclass:
Caryophyllidae
(
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
(
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Magnoliophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Similar Species
Members of the genus Parodia
There are approximately 424 species in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:
P. aconquijaensis · P. agasta · P. aglaisma · P. alacriportana (Parodia) · P. alacriportana buenkeri · P. albo-fuscata · P. allosiphon (Parodia) · P. amambayensis · P. amblayensis · P. ampliocostata · P. andreae · P. andreaeoides · P. applanata · P. argerichiana · P. arnostiana (Parodia) · P. atroviridis · P. augustinii · P. aureicentra (Parodia) · P. aureicentra var. variicolor (Parodia) · P. aureispina · P. aureispina var. elegans · P. aureispina var. erythrantha · P. aureispina var. erythrostaminea · P. aureispina var. grandiflora · P. aureispina var. rubriantha · P. ayopayana · P. ayopayana 'Miguillensis' (Parodia) · P. backebergiana · P. belenensis · P. bellavistana · P. belliata · P. bermejoensis · P. betaniana · P. bilbaoensis · P. borealis · P. brasiliensis · P. brevihamata · P. brevihamata var. mollispina · P. buenekeri · P. buenekeri var. intermedia · P. buiningii (Parodia) · P. buxbaumiana · P. cabracorralensis · P. cachiana · P. caespitosa · P. camargensis · P. camargensis Buining & F.Ritter var. camblayana F.Ritter · P. camargensis Buining & F.Ritter var. castanea F.Ritter · P. camargensis var. camblayana · P. camargensis var. camplayana · P. camargensis var. castanea · P. camargensis var. prolifera · P. camblayana · P. camblayana var. rubra · P. camblayoides · P. campestra · P. campestris · P. camplayana · P. candidata · P. capillitaensis · P. carambeiensis (Parodia) · P. carapariana · P. cardenasii · P. cardenasii var. maior · P. carminata · P. carrerana · P. castanea · P. catamarcensis · P. catamarcensis var. albispina · P. catamarcensis var. riojensis · P. catamarcensis var. rubriflorens · P. catarinensis · P. cebilarensis · P. chaetocarpa · P. challamarcana · P. chirimoyarana · P. chlorocarpa · P. chrysacanthion (Golden Powder Puff) · P. cintiensis · P. claviceps · P. columnaris (Parodia) · P. comarapana (Parodia) · P. commutans (Parodia) · P. comosa · P. compressa · P. concinna (Sun Cup) · P. concinna 'Apricus' (Sun Cup) · P. concinna var. gibberula (Parodia) · P. copavilquensis · P. cotacajensis · P. crassigibba · P. crucinigricentra · P. crucinigricentra var. sibalii · P. culpinensis · P. curvispina (Parodia) · P. dextrohamata · P. dextrohamata var. stenopetala · P. dichroacantha · P. echinopsoides · P. echinus
Bibliography
- .Li Zhenyu. 1999. Cactaceae. In: Ku Tsuechih, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 52(1): 272-285.
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Notes
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 8776762
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 15928402
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:981612-1
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 3293900
