Interesting Facts
- Medicinal and a vegetable. [source]
Common Names
Click on the language to view common names.
Common Names in English:
Japanese Ginger, Mioga Ginger
Common Names in French:
Gingembre Du Japon, Gingembre Mioga
Common Names in German:
Japaningwer
Common Names in Japanese:
Mioga, Myoga
Common Names in Russian:
Imbir´ Mioga
Description
Family Zingiberaceae
Herbs perennial
, terrestrial
, rarely epiphytic, aromatic
, with fleshy
, tuberous
or non-tuberous rhizomes, often with tuber-bearing roots
. Stems usually short, replaced by pseudostems formed by leaf sheaths
. Leaves distichous, simple
, those toward base
of plant usually bladeless and reduced to sheaths; leaf sheath open; ligule usually present; petiole
present or not, located between leaf blade
and sheath, cushionlike in Zingiber; leaf blade suborbicular or lanceolate to narrowly strap-shaped
, rolled longitudinally in bud, glabrous
or hairy
, midvein
prominent
, lateral
veins usually numerous
, pinnate, parallel, margin
entire. Inflorescence terminal
on pseudostems or on separate, short, sheath-covered shoots
arising from rhizomes, cylindric
or fusiform
, sometimes globose
, lax
to dense, few to many flowered, sometimes with bracteolate
cincinni in bract axils and then a thyrse
, sometimes a raceme
or spike; bracts and bracteoles present, often conspicuous
, colored
. Flowers bisexual
, epigynous
, zygomorphic. Calyx usually tubular
, thin, split on 1 side, sometimes spathelike, apex 3-toothed or -lobed. Corolla proximally tubular, distally 3-lobed; lobes
varying in size and shape
. Stamens or staminodes 6, in 2 whorls. Lateral 2 staminodes of outer whorl petaloid, or forming small teeth at base of labellum, or adnate
to labellum, or absent. Median
staminode of outer whorl always reduced. Labellum formed from lateral 2 staminodes of inner whorl. Fertile
stamen median, of inner whorl; filament
long or short; anther
locules 2, introrse
, dehiscing by slits or occasionally pores
; connective
often extended basally into spurs and/or apically into a crest
. Ovary inferior, 3-loculed initially, 1- or 3-loculed when mature
; ovules ± numerous per locule; placentation parietal
, basal, or axile
. Developed style 1, very thin, placed in a furrow in filament and between anther locules; stigma appearing above anther, funnelform
, papillose
, ± wet, margin often ciliate
. Stylodes 2, reduced to nectaries at apex of ovary. Fruit a capsule, fleshy or dry, dehiscent
or indehiscent, sometimes berrylike. Seeds few to many, arillate
; aril often lobed
or lacerate
.
About 50 genera and 1300 species: pantropical
with center of diversity
in S and SE Asia, some species in America and subtropical
and warm-temperate Asia; 20 genera (one endemic) and 216 species (141 endemic, four introduced
) in China.[1]
Genus Zingiber
Pseudostems well -developed, 1--2 m.
Inflorescences terminating short stem with only scale leaves [projecting
from side or tip
of pseudostem], dense, conelike; bracts of main axis crowded, 1--3[--5], reniform
or very broadly ovate
[to lance-elliptical or lanceolate]; cincinni sessile, 1-flowered, enclosed in bracts; bracteoles small, inconspicuous, hidden by bracts. Flowers: calyx cylindric
, shortly 3-lobed, split down
one side; corolla tube
cylindric, dilated
distally, lobes
lanceolate; filament
short or nearly absent; anther
enclosed within upper petal, not spurred
, terminal
appendage
long; lateral
staminodes absent or reduced to small teeth connate
with lip, lip plane, entire, notched
, or 3-lobed. Fruits capsule, ellipsoid
. x
= 11.
Species ca.
100: introduced
; North America, Mexico, Africa, n Australia; native
, s Asia.
The ginger of commerce, Zingiber officinale Roscoe, is native to southeast Asia; it is commonly cultivated throughout the tropics, and most of the commercial
supply now comes from Jamaica. Ginger seldom flowers or fruits in cultivation although plants
are known to spread
vegetatively in the vicinity of abandoned gardens in some tropical
areas.[2]
Physical Description
Species Zingiber mioga
Rhizomes yellowish. Ligule 2-lobed, 3--12 mm, membranous; petiole absent to 1.7 cm; leaf blade lanceolate-elliptic or linear-lanceolate, 20--37 × 4--6 cm, glabrous or abaxially pilose , apex caudate . Inflorescences arising from rhizomes, ellipsoid , 5--7 cm; peduncle absent to 17 cm, scalelike sheaths oblong ; bracts reddish green with purple veins, elliptic . Calyx 2.5--3 cm. Corolla tube longer than calyx; lobes yellowish, lanceolate, 2.7--3 cm × ca. 7 mm. Labellum ovate , ca. 3 cm; central lobe yellow with white margin , ca. 2.5 × 1.8 cm; lateral lobes ca. 1.3 cm × 4 mm. Anther ca. 1 cm; connective appendage ca. 1 cm. Capsule obovoid , loculicidally dehiscent ; pericarp red inside. Seeds black; aril white. Fl. Aug--Oct. 2 n = 22. [source]
Habitat
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
)
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
)
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
)
- Sinnott, 1935 Ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
)
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
)
- Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Class:
Liliopsida
(
)
- Scopoli, 1760
- Subclass:
Commelinidae
(
)
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder:
Zingiberanae
(
)
- Takhtajan Ex Reveal, 1992
- Order:
Zingiberales
(
)
- Grisebach, 1854
- Family:
Zingiberaceae
(
)
- Lindley, 1835
- Ginger Family
- Subfamily:
Zingiberoideae
(
)
- Tribe:
Zingibereae
(
)
- Genus:
Zingiber
(
)
- Miller, The Gardeners Dictionary (fourth edition). vol. 3. 1754.
- Ginger [the classical name, from Sanskrit crngavera]
- Specific epithet:
mioga
- (Thunberg) Roscoe, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 8: 348. 1807.
- Botanical name: - Zingiber mioga (Thunb.) Roscoe
- Specific epithet:
mioga
- (Thunberg) Roscoe, Trans. Linn. Soc. London, Bot. 8: 348. 1807.
- Genus:
Zingiber
(
- Tribe:
Zingibereae
(
- Subfamily:
Zingiberoideae
(
- Family:
Zingiberaceae
(
- Order:
Zingiberales
(
- Superorder:
Zingiberanae
(
- Subclass:
Commelinidae
(
- Class:
Liliopsida
(
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Unambiguous Synonyms
- Amomum mioga Thunberg in Murray, Syst. Veg. , Ed. 14, 51. 1784
- Z. oligophyllum K. Schumann.
- Zingiber echuanense Y. K. Yang
Notes
Name
Status: Accepted Name
. Latest taxonomic
scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000
Place of publication
: Trans. Linn. Soc. London 8:348. 1807
Name verified on 07-Nov-1985 by ARS Systematic Botanists. Last updated: 23-Aug-1994
Similar Species
Members of the genus Zingiber
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 205 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:
Z. acuminatum · Z. albiflorum · Z. alliaceum · Z. amaricans · Z. amoricans · Z. anthorrhiza · Z. aquosum · Z. argenteum · Z. aromaticum (Fragrant Ginger) · Z. atrorubens · Z. aurantiacum · Z. barbatum · Z. bisectum · Z. blancoi · Z. borneense · Z. bradleyanum · Z. brevifolium · Z. bulusanense · Z. capitatum · Z. cassumunar · Z. cernuum · Z. chlorobracteatum · Z. cholmondeleyi · Z. chrysanthum · Z. chrysostachys · Z. citrinum · Z. citriodorum · Z. clarkei · Z. clarkii · Z. cliffordiae · Z. cochinchinense · Z. cochleariforme · Z. collinsii · Z. coloratum · Z. confine · Z. corallinum · Z. cornubracteatum · Z. curtisii · Z. cylindricum · Z. darceyi · Z. densissimum · Z. dubium · Z. eberhardtii · Z. eborinum · Z. echuanense · Z. elatum · Z. ellipticum · Z. emeiense · Z. ensal · Z. flagelliforme · Z. flammeum · Z. flavomaculosum · Z. flavovirens · Z. fragile · Z. fraseri · Z. galanga · Z. georgeae · Z. gigantifolium · Z. globosum · Z. gracile · Z. gracile Jack var. aurantiaca · Z. gramineum · Z. griffithii (Red Gingerwort) · Z. guangxiense · Z. gulinense · Z. hupehense · Z. idae · Z. incomptum · Z. inflexum · Z. integrilabrum · Z. integrum · Z. intermedium · Z. jucundum · Z. junceum · Z. kawagoii · Z. kelabitianum · Z. kerrii · Z. koshunense · Z. koshunensis · Z. kunstleri · Z. lambii · Z. laoticum · Z. larsenii · Z. latifolium · Z. leptorrhizum · Z. leptostachyum · Z. ligulatum · Z. lingyunense · Z. littorale · Z. loerzingii · Z. longibracteatum · Z. longiglande · Z. longiligulatum · Z. longipedunculatum · Z. luridum · Z. macradenium · Z. macrodenium · Z. macrorrhynchus · Z. macrostachyum · Z. malaysianum
More Info
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Further Reading
- Annales du Jardin botanique de Buitenzorg. Leiden [etc.]E.J. Brill [etc.]. ENG url p. 314.
- Botanisches Zentralblatt; referierendes Organ für das Gesamtgebiet der Botanik. Jena [etc.]G. Fischer [etc.] GER url p. 275.
- Bulletin - United States National Museum. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, [etc.];1877-1971. ENG url p. 364, p. 365, p. 478.
- Descriptive catalogue of the Formosan fungi / by Kaneyoshi Sawoda. Taihoku, Formosa: Agricultural Experiment Station, 1919- ENG url p. 152, p. 190, p. 261.
- Encke, F. et al. 1984. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage. (Zander ed13)
- Experiment station record. Washington: G.P.O., 1889-1946. ENG url p. 156.
- Huxley, A., ed. 1992. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening. (Dict Gard)
- Jahresbericht über das Gebiet der Pflanzenkrankheiten. Berlin: P. Parey, 1907-1917. GER url p. 340, p. 410, p. 97.
- Kunkel, G. 1984. Plants for human consumption. (L Edible Pl)
- Markle, G. M. et al., eds. 1998. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2. (Food Feed Crops US)
- Naturwissenschaftliche Wochenschrift. Jena [etc.]G. Fischer [etc.] GER url p. 790.
- Ohwi, J. 1965. Flora of Japan (Engl. ed.). (F JapanOhwi)
- Porcher, M. H. et al. Searchable World Wide Web Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database (MMPND) - on-line resource. (Pl Names)
- Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants. (Dict Rehm)
- Walker, E. 1976. Flora of Okinawa and the southern Ryukyu Islands. (F Okin)
- Wu Te-lin, Chen Sen-jen, Tsai Hsi-tao, Tong Shao-quan, Chen Pei-shan & Zhao Shi-wang. 1981. Zingiberaceae subfam. Zingiberoideae. In: Wu Te-lin, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 16(2): 22--148.
- Wu Te-lin, Chen Sen-jen, Tsai Hsi-tao, Tong Shao-quan, Chen Pei-shan & Zhao Shi-wang. 1981. Zingiberaceae subfam. Zingiberoideae. In: Wu Te-lin, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 16(2): 22--148.
Notes
Contributors
- Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed November 15, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from provider.
- USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (May 01, 2008)
- "Zingiber mioga". in Flora of China Vol. 24 Page 332. Published by Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 15, 2007:
- National Institute of Genetics, ROIS, Herbarium Specimens of Museum of Nature and Human Activities, Hyogo Pref., Japan
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2670477
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-506508
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13755217
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:798364-1
- GRIN Nomen Number: 42253
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 506508
- International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 798364-1
- U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: ZIMI4
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 68364
Footnotes
- Delin Wu & Kai Larsen "Zingiberaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 24 Page 322. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
- "Zingiber". in Flora of North America Vol. 22. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
