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• Taxonomy
• Physical Description
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Taxonomy

Physical Description

Family Polypodiaceae:

Plants perennial, terrestrial, on rock, or often epiphytic, erect, arching, or occasionally pendent. Stems long- to short-creeping, branched or not, bearing scales and few to numerous roots, usually dictyostelic. Leaves monomorphic to dimorphic, circinate in bud. Petiole usually articulate at base [rarely nonarticulate, as in Loxogramme ], lacking scales or sometimes scaly, with usually 3 vascular bundles. Blade simple to often pinnatifid, pinnatisect, or pinnate, infrequently more divided; rachis grooved or not adaxially. Veins free (and simple to several times forked) to often anastomosing in complex systems, areoles with or without included veinlets. Indument on blade absent, or petiole, rachis, costae, and sometimes blade tissue usually bearing hairs (these often septate and with reddish crosswalls) and/or scales. Sori borne abaxially on veins, round to oblong, occasionally elongate, rarely marginal, rarely covering surface; paraphyses present or absent; sporangia with stalk of 2 or 3 rows of cells; indusia absent. Spores usually transparent or yellowish (rarely greenish), all 1 kind, bilateral, monolete [rarely trilete, as in some Loxogramme], surface most often smooth, tuberculate, verrucose, or granulate, occasionally spiny, 64 per sporangium (spores globose and 32 per sporangium in apogamous spp.) . Gametophytes green, aboveground, cordate or elliptic, glabrous or sometimes glandular; archegonia and antheridia borne on lower surface, antheridia 3-celled.

Genera ca. 40, species perhaps 500 (7 genera, 25 species in the flora) : worldwide, especially tropics and subtropics.

Genera in this family are variously circumscribed, and the New World species historically were placed in the single genus Polypodium . Many of the segregates recognized here are still placed in Polypodium in recent floristic accounts. Limits of genera in both Old World and New World are controversial and are currently under study by several workers.^[1]

Genus x:

When placed before a specific epithet, indicates the taxon is of known hybrid origin. The basic number of chromosomes in a polyploid series.

Similar Species

Members of the genus x:

There are approximately 328 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them: x. Ackersteinia dodsonii · x. Aeonichryson aizoides · x. Aeoniogreenovia lambii · x. Aglaonaria robertsii · x. Agroelymus adamsii · x. Agroelymus bergrothii · x. Agroelymus bowdenii · x. Agroelymus cayouetteorum · x. Agroelymus colvillensis · x. Agroelymus dorei · x. Agroelymus hirtiflorus · x. Agroelymus hodgsonii · x. Agroelymus hultenii · x. Agroelymus jamesensis · x. Agroelymus mossii · x. Agroelymus ontariensis · x. Agroelymus palmerensis · x. Agroelymus pamiricus · x. Agroelymus piettei · x. Agroelymus strictus · x. Agroelymus turneri · x. Agroelymus ungavensis · x. Alcalthaea suffrutescens · x. aleuticus (Aleutian Wildrye) · x. Alismodorus muretii · x. Amarcrinum memoria-corsii (Amarcrinum) · x. Amarine tubergenii · x. Amarygia bidwellii · x. Amarygia parkeri · x. Anacamptorchis duquesnei · x. Anacamptorchis durandii · x. Anacamptorchis fallax. · x. Anacamptorchis guetroti · x. Anacamptorchis kelleri · x. Anacamptorchis klingei · x. Anacamptorchis la-niccae · x. Anacamptorchis laniccae · x. Anacamptorchis laniccae nothosubsp. galloprovinciana · x. Anacamptorchis larzacensis · x. Anacamptorchis lesbiensis · x. Anacamptorchis simorrensis · x. Anacamptorchis simorrensis nothovar. ticinensis · x. Anacamptorchis ticinensis · x. Anacamptorchis vanlookenii · x. Anacamptorchis weberi · x. Anoectomaria dominii · x. Aporberocereus innesii · x. arcuatum (Arcuate Barley) · x. aristatus (Purple Wildrye) · x. Asplenicystopteris blindii · x. Asplenicystopteris payotii · x. Asplenoceterach badense · x. Asplenoceterach barrancense · x. Asplenoceterach newmanii · x. Asplenophyllitis claphamii · x. Asplenophyllitis confluens · x. Asplenophyllitis hendersonii · x. Asplenophyllitis jacksonii · x. Asplenophyllitis kummerlei · x. Asplenophyllitis lobata · x. Asplenophyllitis microdon · x. Asplenosorus akaishiensis · x. Asplenosorus boydstoniae · x. Asplenosorus castaneoviridis · x. Asplenosorus ebenoides · x. Asplenosorus gravesii · x. Asplenosorus herb-wagneri · x. Asplenosorus inex.pectatus · x. Asplenosorus kentuckiensis · x. Asplenosorus kitazawae · x. Asplenosorus pinnatifidus · x. Asplenosorus shawneensis · x. Asplenosorus tosaensis · x. Asplenosorus trudellii · x. Astroworthia bicarinata · x. Astroworthia bicarinata nm. skinneri · x. Astroworthia skinneri · x. Attabignya minarum · x. Bolboschoenoplectus mariqueter · x. Bonstedtia lilacina · x. Bonstedtia youngiana · x. Borkersia soniae · x. Brachystemon nolae-carriae · x. braunii (Braun's Festulolium) · x. Brunsdonna parkeri · x. Brunserine tubergenii · x. Butyagrus nabonnandii · x. caduca (Mandan Ricegrass) · x. Calicharis butcheri · x. Carapelia tarantuloides · x. carduus font-queri · x. Carruanthophyllum hybridum · x. carthamus battandieri · x. carthamus doumerguei · x. carthamus faurei · x. centaurea bourlieri · x. centaurea impura · x. centaurea serresii · x. Ceterophyllitis hybrida · x. Chamaebivia francescae

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Notes

Identifiers:

• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 3912053

Footnotes:

1. Alan R. Smith "Polypodiaceae". in Flora of North America Vol. 2. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org.