Verbascum lychnitis

• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Description

Family Scrophulariaceae

Herbs, sometimes shrubs , rarely trees ; mostly autotrophic, less often hemiparasitic or parasitic. Stipules absent. Leaves alternate, opposite, whorled , or basally opposite and apically alternate, simple or sometimes pinnately dissected . Inflorescences racemes , spikes, or thyrsoid panicles, determinate or indeterminate, or flowers solitary. Flowers perfect , usually zygomorphic, rarely actinomorphic . Calyx often persistent , (2-) 4- or 5-lobed or -parted, variously connate . Corolla sympetalous ; limb (3 or) 4- or 5-lobed, often 2-lipped. Stamens mostly 4, didynamous , sometimes 1 or 2 staminodes present, less often 2 or 5 stamens; anther locules 1 or 2, equal or subequal , free or confluent . Nectary often present at base of ovary, ringlike, cupular, or reduced to a gland . Ovary superior, 2-loculed, rarely apically 1-loculed; ovules numerous , rarely 2 per locule, on axile placentas, anatropous or hemitropous . Style simple; stigma capitate, 2-lobed, or 2-lamellate. Fruit a capsule, septicidal , loculicidal, or septifragal, sometimes opening by pores or irregularly dehiscent , rarely a berry. Seeds minute or rarely conspicuous , sometimes winged ; testa often reticulate ; hilum lateral or ventral; endosperm fleshy or absent; embryo straight or curved .

About 220 genera and 4500 species: cosmopolitan ; 61 genera (seven endemic) and 681 species (415 endemic) throughout China but with a greater concentration in SW China.[1]

Genus Verbascum

Herbs, annual , biennial, or perennial . Leaves usually simple , alternate, basally rosulate. Inflorescences terminal , spicate , racemose, or paniculate . Calyx 5-lobed. Corolla usually yellow, rarely purple or white; tube short; limb rotate; lobes 5, subequal , radiate . Stamens 4 or 5; filaments usually woolly ; anthers 1-loculed, confluent , anterior anthers linear-oblong or reniform , posterior anthers reniform or transverse . Ovary 2-loculed. Capsule septicidal . Seeds numerous , conically cylindric , 6-8-ribbed.

About 300 species: Asia, Europe; six species in China.[2]

Physical Description

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 1,361 meters (0 to 4,465 feet).[3]

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Biennial

Taxonomy

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Similar Species

Members of the genus Verbascum

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 74 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

V. acaule (Dwarf Mullein) · V. arcturus (Cretan Bears Tail) · V. atroviolaceum (Purple Mullein) · V. blattaria (Moth Mullein) · V. blattaria f. albiflorum (Moth Mullein) · V. blattaria yellow-flowered (Moth Mullein) · V. blattaria 'Pink' (Moth Mullein) · V. bombyciferum (Silver Mullein) · V. bombyciferum 'Arctic Summer' (Silver Mullein) · V. chaixii (Nettle-Leaved Mullein) · V. chaixii 'Album' (Nettle-Leaved Mullein) · V. chaixii 'Sixteen Candles' (Nettle-Leaved Mullein) · V. cretica (Cretan Mullein) · V. densiflorum (Dense Mullein) · V. dumulosum (Dwarf Mullein) · V. epixanthemum (Verbascum) · V. kerneri (Kerner's Mullein) · V. longifolium (Mullein) · V. lychnitis (White Mullein) · V. nevadense (Mullein) · V. nigrum (Black Mullein) · V. nigrum nigrum (Black Mullein) · V. nigrum 'Album' (Black Mullein) · V. olympicum (Greek Mullein) · V. phlomoides (Orange Mullein) · V. phoeniceum (Purple Mullein) · V. phoeniceum 'Flush of White' (Purple Mullein) · V. phoeniceum 'Rosetta' (Purple Mullein) · V. phoeniceum 'Violetta' (Purple Mullein) · V. phoenicium 'Violetta' (Purple Mullein) · V. pterocaulon (Mullein) · V. pulverulentum (Violetstamen Mullein) · V. pyramidatum (Mullein) · V. roripifolium (Mullein) · V. sinuatum (Wavyleaf Mullein) · V. speciosum (Hungarian Mullein) · V. spinosum (Spiny Mullein) · V. spurium (Mullein) · V. thapsus (Aarons Rod) · V. thapsus thapsus (Flannel Mullein) · V. undulatum (Wavy-Leaf Mullein) · V. virgatum (Wand Mullein) · V. wiedemannianum (Indigo Mullein) · V. x kerneri (Kerner's Mullein) · V. x phoeniceum 'Jackie' (Mullein) · V. x pterocaulon (Mullein) · V. 'Banana Custard' (Banana Custard Mullein) · V. 'Bold Queen' (Mullein) · V. 'Caribbean Crush' (Caribbean Crush Ornamental Mullein) · V. 'Cherry Helen' (Ornamental Mullein) · V. 'Cotswold Beauty' (Mullien) · V. 'Cotswold Cream' (Mullien) · V. 'Cotswold King' (Mullien) · V. 'Cotswold Queen' (Mullien) · V. 'Dark Eyes' (Ornamental Mullein) · V. 'Gainsborough' (Mullien) · V. 'Helen Johnson' (Helen Johnson Mullein) · V. 'Jackie' (Jackie Mullein) · V. 'Jackie in Pink' (Jackie in Pink Mullein) · V. 'Jester' (Mullein 'jester') · V. 'Lavender Lass' (Mullein) · V. 'Letitia' (Letitia Ornamental Mullein) · V. 'Pink Domino' (Ornamental Mullein) · V. 'Pink Petticoats' (Ornamental Mullein) · V. 'Plum Smokey' (Ornamental Mullein) · V. 'Raspberry Ripple' (Mullein) · V. 'Royalty' (Mullein) · V. 'Saffron Towers' (Mullein) · V. 'Sierra Sunset' (Ornamental Mullein) · V. 'Snow Maiden' (Mullien) · V. 'Southern Charm' (Mullein) · V. 'Spica' (Mullein) · V. 'Sugar Plum' (Ornamental Mullein) · V. 'Summer Sorbet' (Ornamental Mullein)

More Info

• Search for Pictures: images.google.com
• Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
• Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
• Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books

Further Reading

• A biochemic basis for the study of problems of taxonomy, heredity, evolution, etc., with especial reference to the starches and tissues of parent-stock and hybrid-stocks and the starches and hemoglobi Washington, D.C.Carnegie institution of Washington1919 url p. 11.
• A class-book of botany, designed for colleges, academies, and other seminaries. .. Illustrated by a flora of the northern, middle, and western states; particularly of the United States north of the Capitol, lat. 38 3/4 Claremont, N.H., Manufacturing Co., S. Ide, agent, 1847. url p. 638.
• A class-book of botany: designed for colleges, academies, and other seminaries: in two parts: part I, The elements of botany: part II, The natural orders: illustrated by a flora of the northern, middle, and western states, particularly of the United States north of the Capitol, lat 38 3/4 / by Alphonso Wood. New York: A.S. Barnes & Burr; c1846. url .
• A dictionary of American plant names / compiled by Willard N. Clute. Joliet, Ill.: W.N. Clute, 1923. url p. 32.
• A first report on the relations between climates and crops. By Cleveland Abbe. Washington [D.C.]: Govt. Print. Off., 1905. url p. 202.
• A new London flora; or, Handbook to the botanical localities of the metropolitan districts. Compiled from the latest authorities, and from personal observations. London, Hardwick and Bogue, 1877. url p. 75.
• A survey and record of Woolwich and West Kent containing descriptions and records, brought up-to-date, of geology, botany, zoology, archaeology and industries of the district, with a brief photographic commentary, in commemoration of the 12th Ann General editors, C.H. Grinling, T.A. Ingram [and] B.C. Polkinghorne. Woolwich: Labour Representation Print. Co., 1909. url p. 124.
• Acta Societatis pro Fauna et Flora Fennica. Helsinki: Societas, 1875-1980. url , p. 290.
• An encyclopædia of gardening; comprising the theory and practice of horticulture, floriculture, arboriculture, and landscape-gardening, including all the latest improvements; a general history of gardening in all countries; and a By J.C. Loudon. .. illustrated with many hundred engravings on wood by Branston. London: Printed for Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green, 1827. url p. 877.
• An introduction to the study of botany, including a treatise on vegetable physiology, and descriptions of the most common plants in the middle and northern states. By J.L. Comstock. .. New York, Pratt, Woodford, Farmer & Brace, 1856 [c1854] url p. 34.
• Anales de la Sociedad Española de Historia Natural. Madrid: La Sociedad, url p. 450, p. 97.
• Annual report / Albany: University of the State of New York, 1902-1918. url p. 107, p. 46.
• Botanisk tidsskrift / utgivet af den Botaniske forening i København. København: G.E.C. Gads Forlag, 1866-1981. url p. 464.
• Botany of the northern and middle states, or, A description of the plants found in the United States, north of Virginia: arranged according to the natural system: with a synopsis of the genera according to the Linnaean system. .. / Albany: Printed by Webster and Skinners. .., 1833. url p. 259.
• Carnegie Institution of Washington publication. Washington, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 1902- url p. 11.
• Catalogue of scientific papers (1800-1900) Comp. by the Royal society of London. Cambridge, C. J. Clay and sons, 1867-1902; url p. 731.
• Catalogue of scientific papers, 1800-1900. CambridgeUniversity Press1908-14 url p. 731.
• Catalogue of the cabinet of natural history of the state of New York, and of the historical and antiquarian collection annexed thereto. Albany, C. Van Benthuysen, printer, 1853. url .
• Edwards, S. T. The Botanical register: consisting of coloured figures of. .. 14 1828 London: Printed for James Ridgway, 1815-1828. url .
• Flora of West Virginia, by Charles Frederick Millspaugh and Lawrence William Nuttall. 1 1896 Chicago, 1896. url p. 226.
• Flora of the U.S.S.R. [Springfield, Va.: Israel Program for Scientific Translations; 1968- url , p. 738.
• Flora's dictionary / by a lady. Baltimore: Published by Fielding Lucas Jr., 1832. url .
• Genetics in relation to agriculture, New York, McGraw-Hill; [etc., etc.]1918. url , p. 674.
• Handbook of experiment station work. Washington, Gov't print. off., 1893. url p. 374.
• Handbook to Bath; prepared on the occasion of the visit of the British Association, 1888. Bath, I. Pitman and Sons, 1888. url .
• Hardwicke's science-gossip: an illustrated medium of interchange and gossip for students and lovers of nature. London: Robert Hardwicke, 1866- url .
• Journal of botany, British and foreign. 32 1894 London: Robert Hardwicke, 1863-1942. url p. 23.
• Journal of the Royal Horticultural Society. London: The Society, 1866-1975. url p. 185.
• Journal of the proceedings of the Linnean Society. Botany. 6 1862 London: Longman, Brown, Green, Longmans, & Roberts: ||Williams and Norgate, 1857-1864. url p. 91.
• Mammals of Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. Jerusalem: Pub. for the Smithsonian Institution and the National Science Foundation, Washington, D.C., by the Israel Program for Scientific Translations, l962- url p. 110.
• Museum bulletin / Albany, N.Y.: University of the State of New York, 1908-1916. url p. 107, p. 46.
• Natural science. London: Macmillan & Co., [1892-1899] url p. 184.
• Natural science: a monthly review of scientific progress. London [etc.]: Macmillan and Company [etc.], [1892-1899] url p. 184.
• New York State Museum bulletin. Albany, N.Y.: University of the State of New York, 1916-1944. url p. 105.
• North Wales; including its scenery, antiquities, customs, and some sketches of its natural history; delineated from two excursions through all the interesting parts of that country, during the summers of 1798 and 1801. London, T. N. Longman and O. Rees, 1804. url p. 374.
• Plant hybridization before Mendel, by H.F. Roberts. .. Princeton, Princeton University Press, 1929. url p. 190.
• Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. Philadelphia, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia url p. 250, p. 250.
• Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. Washington, etc.: Entomological Society of Washington url p. 530.
• Proceedings of the South London Entomological & Natural History Society. London [Eng]: South London Entomological and Natural history Society, [1897-1933] url p. 33, p. 80.
• Report of the State Botanist. Albany, N.Y.: University of the State of New York, 1898-1925. url , .
• Resources of the southern fields and forests, medical, economical, and agricultural; Charleston, Walker, Evans & Cogswell, printers, 1869. url p. 507.
• The American journal of science, & c. New York: J. Eastburn and Co., 1818-1819. url p. 249.
• The Entomologist's record and journal of variation. s.l., s.n. url p. 127, p. 47.
• The Entomologist. London: Simpkin, Marshall & Co., [1877- url p. 155.
• The Garden: an illustrated weekly journal of gardening in all its branches. London: [s.n., url p. 456.
• The Gardeners' chronicle: a weekly illustrated journal of horticulture and allied subjects. London: [Gardeners Chronicle], 1874-1955. url p. 195, p. 97.
• The Journal of the Linnean Society. Botany. 10 1869 London: the Society: Longman, Green, Longman, Roberts & Green: ||Williams and Norgate, 1865-1968. url p. 454, p. 455.
• The Lepidoptera of the British Islands: a descriptive account of the families, genera, and species indigenous to Great Britain and Ireland, their preparatory states, habits, and localities / by Charles G. Barrett. London: L. Reeve, 1893-1907. url p. 72, p. 73.
• The Macrolepidoptera of the world; a systematic description of the hitherto known Macrolepidoptera, ed. in collaboration with well-known specialists. Stuttgart: Seitz'schen (Kernen), 1906- url p. 109.
• The Victoria history of the County of Hertford / edited by William Page. London: Published for the University of London, Institute of Historical Research by Dawsons of Pall Mall, [1971] url , .
• The Victoria history of the county of Norfolk. Westminster, etc.: [Constable], 1901- url p. 147, p. 147.
• The different forms of flowers on plants of the same species /by Charles Darwin. 1900 New York: D. Appleton, [19--] url p. 77, p. 78.
• The effects of cross and self fertilisation in the vegetable kingdom. LondonJ. Murray1916 url p. 369, p. 486, p. 89.
• The entomologist's log-book and dictionary of the life histories and food plants of the British Macro-Lepidoptera, giving many thousands of facts and data connected with the appearance of the ova, larvæ, pupæ, and imagines: methods of capture: habitats: food plants: authorities: synonyms: etc., in Latin and Englis by Alfred George Scorer. London, G. Routledge & sons, limited, 1913. url .
• The journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. Calcutta: Bishop's College Press, 1832-1936 url p. 155, p. 158, p. 159.
• The lepidopterist's calendar. Gloucester, H. Marsden, 1875. url p. 145, p. 213.
• The natural history of Pliny. London, H. G. Bohn, 1855-57. url p. 128, p. 357.
• The natural history of Pliny. Tr., with copious notes and illustrations, by the late John Bostock and H. T. Riley. London, H. G. Bohn, 1855-57. url p. 128, p. 164.
• The variation of animals and plants under domestication, by Charles Darwin. London, J. Murray, 1893. url p. 84.
• Torreya. Burlington, Vt., Torrey Botanical Club, 1901-1945. url p. 115.
• Transactions of the. .. annual meetings of the Kansas Academy of Science. Topeka, Kan.: Kansas Pub. House, 1883-1901. url p. 111.
• Veröffentlichungen der Zoologischen Staatssammlung München. 10 1966 München: Die Staatssammlung, url p. 292.
• Wild flowers of New York, by Homer D. House. Albany, The University of the state of New York, 1918. url , p. 245, p. 337, p. 337.
• Wild flowers; New York, Macmillan Co., 1934. url .
• Tsoong Puchiu & Yang Hanbi, eds. 1979. Scrophulariaceae (1). Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 67(2): 1-431. Tsoong Puchiu, ed. 1963. Scrophulariaceae (2). Fl. Reipulb. Popularis Sin. 68: 1-449.
• Tsoong Puchiu & Yang Hanbi, eds. 1979. Scrophulariaceae (1). Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 67(2): 1-431. Tsoong Puchiu, ed. 1963. Scrophulariaceae (2). Fl. Reipulb. Popularis Sin. 68: 1-449.

Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed March 27, 2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 18, 2007:

• Biologiezentrum der Oberoesterreichischen Landesmuseen, Biologiezentrum Linz
• Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem, GEO Biodiversity Day
• Conservatoire botanique national du Bassin parisien, Conservatoire botanique national du Bassin parisien
• European Environment Agency, EUNIS
• GBIF-Spain, Botánica, Universidad de León: LEB-Cormo
• GBIF-Spain, CIBIO, Alicante:ABH-GBIF
• GBIF-Spain, Herbario Universidad de Málaga: MGC-Cormófitos
• GBIF-Spain, Jardi Botanic de Valencia: VAL
• GBIF-Spain, Jardín Botánico de Córdoba: Herbarium COA
• GBIF-Spain, Real Jardin Botanico
• , Vascular Plant Herbarium
• GBIF-Spain, Univ. Herbarium SALAMANCA: SALA
• GBIF-Spain, Universidad de Oviedo. Departamento de Biología de Organismos y Sistemas: FCO
• GBIF-Spain, Universidad del País Vasco/EHU, Bilbao: Herbario BIO
• GBIF-Spain, Universitat de Girona: HGI-Cormophyta
• Institute of Nature Conservation PAS, National System of Proetcted Areas
• Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Vascular Plant Herbarium, Oslo
• The Swedish Museum of Natural History
• , Botany
• The Swedish Museum of Natural History
• , Herbarium of Oskarshamn
• The Swedish Museum of Natural History
• , Plants
• Tiroler Landesmuseum Ferdinandeum, Tiroler Landesmuseum Ferdinandeum
• UK National Biodiversity Network, Botanical Society of the British Isles - Vascular Plants Database
• USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database
• University of Vienna, Institute for Botany - Herbarium WU, Herbarium WU
• inatura - Erlebnis Naturschau Dornbirn, inatura - Erlebnis Naturschau Dornbirn

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2655803
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-33390
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 4490920
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:769964-1
• GRIN Nomen Number: 41148
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 33390
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: VELY
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 62134

Footnotes

1. Deyuan Hong, Hanbi Yang, Cun-li Jin, Manfred A. Fischer, Noel H. Holmgren & Robert R. Mill "Scrophulariaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 18 Page 1. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. "Verbascum". in Flora of China Vol. 18 Page 4. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
3. Mean = 183.260 meters (601.247 feet), Standard Deviation = 195.150 based on 2,051 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.