Valeriana sitchensis

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Description

Genus Valeriana

Perennial herbs with aromatic underground parts. Leaves entire or divided . Flowers white or pink in corymbose cymes, panicles or heads ; upper bracts opposite. Calyx unrolled in fruit into a plumose pappus. Corolla 5-lobed, often gibbous at the base . Stamens 3. Stigma 2-3-fid or simple . Ovary 3-locular, with only 1 fertile locule. Achene crowned by the persistent pappose calyx, dorsally 3-ribbed, ventrally 1-ribbed, glabrous to hairy .

A genus of over 200 species. Widely distributed in the temperate regions of Asia, Africa, Europe and N. & S. America. Represented here by 9 or 10 species.

It is often difficult to identify the valerians without the basal leaves (which may shed early), underground and fruiting parts.[1]

Physical Description

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 2,174 meters (0 to 7,133 feet).[2]

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Perennial

Growth

Culture: Space 18-24" apart.

Soil: Minimum pH: 6.1 • Maximum pH: 7.8

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full Sun .

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b. (map)

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Valeriana sitchensis uliginosa (Torr. & Gray) F. G. Mey. • Valeriana sitchensis var. uliginosa (Torr. & Gray) Boivin

Notes

Publishing author : Bong. Publication : M?m. Acad. Imp. Sci. St .-P?tersbourg, S?r. 6, Sci. Math. 2: 145 1832 [Aug 1832]

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Similar Species

Members of the genus Valeriana

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 34 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

V. acutiloba (Cordilleran Valerian) · V. acutiloba var. acutiloba (Sharpleaf Valerian) · V. acutiloba var. pubicarpa (Hairyfruit Valeriana) · V. arizonica (Arizona Tobaccoroot) · V. californica (California Valerian) · V. capitata (Captiate Valerian) · V. capitata acutiloba (Cordilleran Valerian) · V. columbiana (Wenatchee Valerian) · V. dioica (Marsh Valerian) · V. dioica simplicifolia (Marsh Valerian) · V. dioica var. sylvatica (Woods Valeriana) · V. edulis (Edible Valerian) · V. edulis ciliata var. ciliata (Taproot Valerian) · V. edulis var. ciliata (Tobacco Root) · V. edulis var. edulis (Tobacco Root) · V. jatamansi (Indian Valerian) · V. occidentalis (Small-Flower Valerian) · V. officinalis (All Heal) · V. officinalis excelsa (Garden Heliotrope) · V. officinalis 'Arterner Zuchtung' (All Heal) · V. officinalis 'Sweet Kathi' (Sweet Kathi Garden Heliotrope) · V. pauciflora (Largeflower Valerian) · V. sambucifolia (Valerian) · V. scandens (Florida Valerian) · V. scandens var. candolleana (Florida Valerian) · V. scandens var. scandens (Florida Valerian) · V. scouleri (Scouler's Valerian) · V. sisymbriifolia (Valerian) · V. sitchensis (Sitka Valerian) · V. sitchensis sitchensis (Pacific Valerian) · V. sitchensis uliginosa (Marsh Valerian) · V. sorbifolia (Pineland Valerian) · V. texana (Guadalupe Valerian) · V. uliginosa (Marsh Valerian)

More Info

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Further Reading

• ... Flora of Glacier National Park, Montana, by Paul C. Standley. Washington, Govt. Print. Off., 1921. url p. 246, p. 414.
• A manual of botany, including the structure, classification, properties, uses, and functions of plants. London, J & A. Churchill, 1887. url p. 590.
• A manual of botany: including the structure, classification, properties, uses, and functions of plants. London, John Churchill and Sons, 1870. url p. 571.
• A manual of the flora of northern Idaho /Carl Epling and Joe Ewan. 1 1941 1941. url p. 21.
• A preliminary catalogue of the flora of Vancouver and Queen Charlotte Islands. Victoria, B.C., Printed by W. H. Cullin, 1921. url p. 77.
• A vegetation index of biotic integrity for small-order streams in southwest Montana and a floristic quality assessment for western Montana wetlands / [Helena, Mont.: Montana Natural Heritage Program, c2005]. url .
• Alpine flora of the Canadian Rocky Mountains. Illustrated with water-colour drawings and photographs by Mrs. Charles Schäffer. New York, London, G. P. Putnam's sons, 1907. url , p. xxiii.
• Annotated bibliography of bog lemmings / compiled by James Reichel, Montana Natural Heritage Program. Helena, MT: Montana Natural Heritage Program, 2003, c1997. url p. 1.
• Annual report of the Bureau of American Ethnology to the Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. Washington: U. S. Govt. Print. Off., 1897- url p. 460, p. 506, p. 513, p. 519, p. 522, p. 855.
• Appendix C., vegetation/agricultural resources of the Beal Project area / prepared for Beal Mountain Mining, Inc.; prepared by Ken L. Scow, L. Dean Culwell. Helena, Mont.: Western Technology and Engineering, [1988] url .
• Botanical survey of the Goat Flat proposed research natural area, Deerlodge National Forest/ by Peter L. Achuff and Lisa S. Roe. Helena, Mont.: Montana Natural Heritage Program[1992] url p. 10, p. 20.
• Botany of Yakutat Bay, Alaska / by Frederick Vernon Coville; with a field report by Frederick Funston. Washington: GPO, 1895 [i.e. 1896] url , .
• Brigham Young University science bulletin. 14 1971 Provo, Utah: Brigham Young University, [1955-1976] url fig. 11, page 13, p. 47.
• Brooklyn Botanic Garden record. 19 1930 [Brooklyn]: Brooklyn Botanic Garden, 1912-44. url p. 9.
• Budd's flora of the Canadian Prairie Provinces / [Ottawa]: Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, 1987. url p. 681.
• Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club. 46 1919 New York: Torrey Botanical Club, 1870-1996 url p. 320, p. 354.
• Bulletin of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. [Washington, D.C.?]: Supt. of Docs., G.P.O., 1913-1923. url , p. 18, p. 38, p. 49.
• Carnegie Institution of Washington publication. Washington, Carnegie Institution of Washington, 1902- url , p. 236.
• Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 22 1920-1927 Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1890- url p. 246, p. 332, p. 341, p. 414, p. 532, p. 62, p. 67.
• Elementary flora of the Northwest, Cincinnati [etc.]American Book Company[c1914] url .
• Erigenia: journal of the Illinois Native Plant Society. Carbondale, Ill.: The Society, 1982- url p. 8.
• Field book of western wild flowers, by Margaret Armstrong in collaboration with J.J. Thornber. .. with five hundred illustrations in black and white, and forty-eight plates in color drawn from nature by the author. London, C. [sic] P. Putnam's Sons, 1915. url p. 596, p. 596.
• Flora of southeastern Washington and adjacent Idaho / by Charles V. Piper and R. Kent Beattie. Lancaster, Pa.: New Era, 1914. url p. 238.
• Flora of southern British Columbia and Vancouver Island: with many references to Alaska and northern species / by Joseph Kaye Henry. Toronto: W.J. Gage, c1915. url p. 282.
• Flora of the Queen Charlotte Islands. [Ottawa: Queen's Printer], 1968-. url p. 103, p. 111, p. 517, p. 613, p. 86.
• Flora of the Rocky Mountains and adjacent plains, Colorado, Utah, Wyoming, Idaho, Montana, Saskatchewan, Alberta, and neighboring parts of Nebraska, South Dakota, North Dakota, and British Columbia / by P.A. Rydberg. New York: The author, 1922. url p. 819.
• Flora of the northwest coast, including the area west of the summit of the Cascade Mountains, from the forty-ninth parallel south to the Calapooia Mountains on the south border of Lane County, Oregon. Lancaster, Pa., Press of the New Era Printing Company, 1915. url .
• Flora of the northwest coast: including the area west of the summit of the Cascade Mountains, from the forty-ninth parallel south to the Calapooia Mountains on the south border of Lane County, Oregon / by Charles V. Piper and R. Kent Beattie. Lancaster, Pa.: Press of the New era printing company, 1915. url p. 340.
• Flora of the southeastern Washington and adjacent Idaho, Lancaster, Pa., Press of the New Era Printing Company, 1914. url .
• Flora of the state of Washington / by Charles V. Piper. Washington: G.P.O., 1906 url p. 532, p. 67.
• Flora of the state of Washington. By Charles V. Piper. Washington, Govt. Print. Off., 1906. url p. 532, p. 533.
• Inventory of plants, plant communities and herpetofauna of concern in the vicinity of the Snow-Talon burn, Helena National Forest / Helena, Mont.: Montana Natural Heritage Program, c2005. url .
• Journal of agricultural research. Washington, U.S. Govt. Printing Office, 1913-1949.. url p. 534.
• Journal of ethnobiology. 19 1999 Flagstaff, Ariz.: Center for Western Studies, 1981- url p. 184, p. 207.
• Journal of the International Garden Club. New York, International garden club. url p. 348.
• Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden. New York: The Garden, 1900- url p. 204.
• Minnesota botanical studies. Minneapolis, Geological and Natural History Survey of Minnesota. url , , , .
• Mount Rainier: a record of exploration / edited by Edmond S. Meany. New York: Macmillan, 1916. url p. 262.
• Mountain wild flowers of America: a simple and popular guide to the names and descriptions of the flowers that bloom above the clouds / by Julia W. Henshaw. Boston: Ginn, 1906. url p. 380, p. 67, p. xv.
• Mountain wild flowers of America; a simple and popular guide to the names and descriptions of the flowers that bloom above the clouds, by Julia W. Henshaw. Toronto, Briggs, 1906. url , , p. 380, p. 380, p. 63, p. 67.
• Mountain wild flowers of Canada; a simple and popular guide to the names and descriptions of the flowers that bloom above the clouds, Julia W. Henshaw. Toronto, Briggs, 1906. url p. 380.
• Muhlenbergia. Chico, Calif. [etc] url p. 129.
• Naturalist's guide to the Americas, prepared by the Committee on the Preservation of Natural Conditions of the Ecological Society of America, with assistance from numerous organizations and individuals, assembled and edited by chairman, Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins, 1926. url p. 159, p. 159, p. 161, p. 161.
• New manual of botany of the central Rocky mountains (vascular plants) Cincinnati [etc.]American Book Company[c1909] url .
• Northern bog lemming survey, 1993: a report to USDA Forest Service / Helena, Mont.: Montana Natural Heritage Program, 1994. url .
• Northern bog lemming survey, 1995: a report to USDI Bureau of Land Management / submitted by James D. Reichel. Helena, Mont.: Montana Natural Heritage Program, 1996. url p. 17.
• Pamphlets on forestry. Grazing. [1900?- url , p. 38, p. 49.
• Phytologia. Bronx Park, New York, H.A. Gleason and H.N. Moldenke, url p. 318.
• Plant indicators: the relation of plant communities to process and practice. WashingtonCarnegie Institution of Washington1920 url p. 236.
• Postelsia: the year book of the Minnesota Seaside Station. St. Paul, Minn.: Pioneer Press, 1902-1906. url , , p. 126, p. 126, p. 61.
• Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. Washington, etc.: Entomological Society of Washington url p. 712.
• Publications in botany / Ottawa: The Museum, 1969- url p. 60.
• Rare plant inventory of the outstanding natural areas of the Rocky Mountain Front / prepared for United States Department of Interior, Bureau of Land Management; prepared by Lisa Ann Schassberger. Helena, Mont.: Montana Natural Heritage Program, [1988] url p. 31.
• Report for the year - British Columbia Provincial Museum. [Victoria]; Printed by A. Sutton [etc.], for the Queen. url .
• Report of the Canadian Arctic Expedition 1913-18. Ottawa, F. A. Acland, Printer to the King, 1919- url .
• Sensitive plant survey in the Horse Prairie Creek drainage, Beaverhead County, Montana, Butte District, Bureau of Land Management / prepared by Jim Vanderhorst; prepared for United States Department of Interior, Bureau of Land management, Dillon Resource Area. Helena, Mont.: Montana Natural Heritage Program, c1995. url p. 42.
• Sensitive plant surveys in the Big Belt and Elkhorn Mountains, U.S.D.A. Forest Service, Region 1, Helena National Forest, Montana / prepared by Jackie M. Poole and Bonnie L. Heidel; prepared for Helena National Forest. Helena, Mont.: Montana Natural Heritage Program, [1993] url .
• Status review of Agoseris lackschewitzii, U.S.D.A., Forest Service, Region 1, Gallatin National Forest, Montana / prepared by Diane S. Pavek and Lisa Ann Schassberger. Helena, Mont.: Montana Natural Heritage Program, [1990]. url p. 25.
• Survey for Botrychium paradoxum in the vicinity of Storm Lake, Deerlodge National Forest / prepared by Jim Vanderhorst; prepared for U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Helena, MT: Montana Natural Heritage Program, c1993. url p. 55.
• Survey for sensitive plant species on BLM lands in the vicinity of Lemhi Pass, Beaverhead County / prepared by Jim Vanderhorst; prepared for Bureau of Land Management, Butte District. Helena, MT: Montana Natural Heritage Program, [1994]. url .
• Surveys of forest reserves. Washington, 1897. url .
• Syllogeus. Ottawa, National Museum of Natural Sciences, 1972-1995. url p. 104, p. 105, p. 33, p. 58, p. 61, p. 7, p. 9.
• The Canadian field-naturalist. Ottawa, Ottawa Field-Naturalists' Club. url , [fig. 1] , p. 113, p. 239, p. 292, p. 324, p. 418, p. 434, p. 476, p. 481, p. 483, p. 484, p. 497, p. 505, p. 560, p. 577, p. 66, p. 674, p. 74, p. 755, p. 789.
• The Mount Rainier forest reserve, Washington / by Fred G. Plummer. Washington: Govt print. off., 1900 url p. 329.
• The Mountaineer. Seattle, The Mountaineers, 1907-1921. url p. 115, p. 34.
• The National geographic magazine. Washington: National Geographic Society, 1888-1959. url p. 214, p. 79.
• The Proceedings of the Iowa Academy of Science. Des moines, Iowa: The Academy, [1889-1987] url p. 430, p. 435, p. 447.
• The vegetable kingdom: or, The structure, classification, and uses of plants, illustrated upon the natural system / by John Lindley. London: Bradbury and Evans, 1846. url p. 698.
• The vegetable kingdom; or, The structure, classification, and uses of plants, LondonBradbury & Evans1853 url p. 698.
• University of California publications in zoology. Berkeley: University Press, 1906- url p. 356, p. 358.
• University of Kansas publications, Museum of Natural History. 2 1948 Lawrence, University of Kansas. url p. 355.
• Vegetation and flora of the Line Creek Plateau area, Carbon County, Montana / prepared by Peter Lesica and the Montana Natural Heritage Program; prepared for USDA Forest Service, Intermountain Research Station. Helena, MT: Montana Natural Heritage Program, [1993] url p. 30.
• Wild flowers of the North American mountains. New York, McBride, 1917. url , p. 194, p. 375.

Notes

Contributors

• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 15, 2012.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed November 25, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 8 providers.
• Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.
• The International Plant Names Index. Accessed Dec 27, 2011.
• USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (May 01, 2008)

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 25, 2007:

• Berkeley Natural History Museums, University and Jepson Herbaria DiGIR provider
• Canadian Museum of Nature, Canadian Museum of Nature Herbarium
• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
• Oregon State University, Vascular Plant Collection
• USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database
• University of Alaska Museum of the North, University of Alaska Museum of the North Herbarium
• University of Washington Burke Museum, Vascular Plant Collection - University of Washington Herbarium
• Utah State University, USU-UTC Specimen Database

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2657233
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-35368
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13758861
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:860194-1
• GRIN Nomen Number: 402746
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 35368
• International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 860194-1
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: VASIH
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 67508

Footnotes

1. "Valeriana". in Flora of Pakistan Page 2.. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. Mean = 1,161.120 meters (3,809.449 feet), Standard Deviation = 520.480 based on 236 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

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