Urochloa mosambicensis

• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Family Poaceae

Annual or perennial herbs, or tall woody bamboos . Flowering stems (culms ) jointed , internodes hollow or solid; branches arising singly from nodes and subtended by a leaf sheath and 2-keeled prophyll, often fascicled in bamboos. Leaves arranged alternately in 2 ranks , differentiated into sheath, blade , and an adaxial erect appendage at sheath/blade junction (ligule) ; leaf sheath surrounding and supporting culm-internode, split to base or infrequently tubular with partially or completely fused margins , modified with reduced blade in bamboos (culm sheaths) ; leaf blades divergent, usually long, narrow and flat, but varying from inrolled and filiform to ovate , veins parallel, sometimes with cross-connecting veinlets (especially in bamboos) ; ligule membranous or a line of hairs . Inflorescence terminal or axillary , an open, contracted , or spikelike panicle, or composed of lax to spikelike racemes arranged along an elongate central axis, or digitate, paired , or occasionally solitary; axillary inflorescences often many, subtended by spatheoles (specialized bladeless leaf sheaths) and gathered into a leafy compound panicle; spikelets often aggregated into complex clusters in bamboos. Spikelets composed of distichous bracts arranged along a slender axis (rachilla) ; typically 2 lowest bracts (glumes ) empty, subtending 1 to many florets ; glumes often poorly differentiated from accompanying bracts in bamboos. Florets composed of 2 opposing bracts enclosing a single small flower, outer bract (lemma) clasping the more delicate, usually 2-keeled inner bract (palea) ; base of floret often with thickened prolongation articulated with rachilla (callus) ; lemma often with apical or dorsal bristle (awn ), glumes also sometimes awned . Flowers bisexual or unisexual ; lodicules (small scales representing perianth) 2, rarely 3 or absent, 3 to many in bamboos, hyaline or fleshy ; stamens 3 rarely 1, 2, 6, or more in some bamboos, hypogynous, filaments capillary , anthers versatile; ovary 1-celled, styles (1 or) 2(rarely 3), free or united at base, topped by feathery stigmas, exserted from sides or apex of floret. Fruit normally a dry indehiscent caryopsis with thin pericarp firmly adherent to seed, pericarp rarely free, fleshy in some bamboos; embryo small or large; hilum punctate to linear .

About 700 genera and 11,000 species: widely distributed in all regions of the world.[1]

Physical Description

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 1,953 meters (0 to 6,407 feet).[2]

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Perennial

Taxonomy

Unambiguous Synonyms

1. Panicum mosambicense Hack.
2. Urochloa pullulans Stapf var. mosambicensis (Hack.) Stapf

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Place of publication : J. Bot. 69:54. 1931

Name verified on 07-Mar-1995 by ARS Systematic Botanists. Last updated: 22-May-1997

Similar Species

Members of the genus Urochloa

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 111 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

U. acuminata · U. adspersa (Dominican Signal Grass) · U. advena · U. albicoma · U. ambigua · U. argentea · U. aristatum · U. arizonica (Arizona Signal Grass) · U. arrecta (African Signal Grass) · U. atrisola · U. bifalcigera · U. bolbodes · U. brachyphylla · U. brachyura · U. brizantha (Palisade Signal Grass) · U. bulbodes · U. chennaveeraiana · U. ciliatissima (Almejita Signalgrass) · U. cimicina (Summer Grass) · U. comata · U. cordata · U. decidua · U. decumbens (Surinam Grass (Jamaica)) · U. deflexa (False Signal Grass) · U. dictyoneura · U. discifera · U. distachya (Tropical Signalgrass) · U. echinolaenoides · U. eminii · U. engleri · U. eruciformis · U. extensa · U. fasciculata (Brown-Top Signal Grass) · U. foliosa · U. fusca · U. fuscata · U. fusca var. reticulata (Browntop Signalgrass) · U. fusiformis · U. geniculata · U. gilesii · U. glabra · U. glumaris (Thurston Grass) · U. gorinii · U. helopus · U. holosericea · U. humidicola · U. hybrida · U. insculpta · U. jaliscana · U. javanica · U. jinshaicola · U. kurzii · U. lata · U. longifolia · U. lorentziana · U. marathensis · U. maxima (Tanganyika Grass) · U. maxima var. maxima · U. megastachya · U. meziana · U. mollis · U. mosambicensis (African Liverseed Grass) · U. multiculma · U. munae · U. mutica (Bankrotgrass (South Africa)) · U. notochthona · U. novemnervia · U. oblita · U. oligobrachiata (Weak Signalgrass) · U. oligotricha · U. ophryodes · U. panicoides (Panic Liverseed Grass) · U. panicoides var. panicoides · U. panicoides var. pubescens · U. paniculata · U. paspaloides · U. paucispicata · U. piligera (Wattle Signalgrass) · U. plantaginea (Plantain Signal Grass) · U. platynota · U. platyphylla (Broad-Leaf Signalgrass) · U. platyrrhachis · U. polyphylla · U. praetervisa · U. pubescens · U. pubigera · U. pullalans · U. pullulans · U. quintasii · U. ramosa (Branched Signal Mgrass) · U. reptans (Sprawling Signal Grass) · U. rhodesiensis · U. rudis · U. ruschii · U. ruziziensis · U. sclerochlaena · U. semialata · U. semiundulata · U. setigera · U. stolonifera

More Info

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Further Reading

• Arnold, T. H. & B. C. De Wet, eds. 1993. Plants of southern Africa: names and distribution. Mem. Bot. Surv. S. Africa no. 62. (Pl SAfr)
• Exell, A. W. et al., eds. 1960–. Flora zambesiaca. (F Zamb)
• FNA Editorial Committee. 1993–. Flora of North America. (F NAmer)
• Gibbs-Russell, G. E. et al. 1990. Grasses of southern Africa. Mem. Bot. Surv. S. Africa vol. 58. (Grass SAfr)
• Mannetje, L. 't & R. M. Jones, eds. 1992. Forages. Plant Resources of South-East Asia (PROSEA). (Pl Res SEAs) 4:230.
• PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) - on-line resource. (PROTABASE)
• Terrell, E. E. et al. 1986. Agric. Handb. no. 505. (AH 505)
• Turrill, W. B. et al., eds. 1952–. Flora of tropical East Africa. (F TE Afr)
• Veldkamp, J. F. 1996. Brachiaria, Urochloa (Gramineae - Paniceae) in Malesia. Blumea 41:423–424.
• Wipff, J. K. et al. 1993. The genus Urochloa (Poaceae: Paniceae) in Texas, including one previously unreported species for the state. Sida 15:409.
• Chen Shouliang, Jin Yuexing, Zhuang Tide, Fang Wenzhe, Sheng Guoying, Liu Liang, Wu Zhenlan, Lu Shenglian, Sun Bisin, Hu Zhihao, Wang Song, Sun Xiangzhong, Wang Huiqin, Yang Xilin, Wang Chaopin, Li Binggui & Wen Shaobin. 1990. Gramineae (Poaceae) (4). In: Chen Shouliang, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 10(1):1401
• Chen Shouliang, Zhuang Tide, Fang Wenzhe, Sheng Guoying, Jin Yuexing, Liu Liang, Sun Bisin, Hu Zhihao & Wang Song. 1997. Gramineae (Poaceae) (5). In: Chen Shouliang, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 10(2): 1301
• Liu Liang, Zhu Taiping, Chen Wenli, Wu Zhenlan & Lu Shenglian. Gramineae (Poaceae) (2). In: Liu Liang, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 9(2): 1405
• Lu Sheng-lian, Sun Yong-hua, Liu Shang-wu, Yang Yong-chang, Wu Zhen-lan, Kuo Pen-chao, Yang Hsi-ling, Wang Chao-pin & Tsui Nai-ran. 1987. Gramineae (3). In: Kuo Pen-chao, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 9(3): 1329
• Wang Zhengping, Ye Guanghan, Yang Yaling, Yu Zehua, Hu Chenhua, Geng Bojie, Feng Xuelin, Jia Liangzhi, Xia Nianhe, Li Dezhu, Zhang Weiping, Xue Jiru, Zhu Zhengde, Zhao Qiseng, Chen Shouliang, Sheng Guoying, Chen Shaoyun, Yao Changyu, Lu Jionglin, Sun Jiliang, Lin Wantao, Yi Tongpei, Zhao Huiru, Wen Taihui & Dai Qihui. 1996. Gramineae (Poaceae) (1).

Notes

Contributors

• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed December 21, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 13 providers.
• USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (May 01, 2008)

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal December 21, 2007:

• Australian National Herbarium
• , Australian National Herbarium
• Herbarium of the University of Aarhus, The AAU Herbarium Database
• International Plant Genetic Resources Institute(IPGRI), The System-wide Information Network for Genetic Resources
• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
• National Herbarium of New South Wales, NSW herbarium collection
• USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2669698
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-505627
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13763009
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:147002-3
• GRIN Nomen Number: 40913
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 505627
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: URMO80
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 67304

Footnotes

1. Shou-liang Chen, De-Zhu Li, Guanghua Zhu, Zhenlan Wu, Sheng-lian Lu, Liang Liu, Zheng-ping Wang, Bi-xing Sun, Zheng-de Zhu, Nianhe Xia, Liang-zhi Jia, Zhenhua Guo, Wenli Chen, Xiang Chen, Yang Guangyao, Sylvia M. Phillips, Chris Stapleton, Robert J. Soreng, Susan G. Aiken, Nikolai N. Tzvelev, Paul M. Peterson, Stephen A. Renvoize, Marina V. Olonova & Klaus Ammann "Poaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 22. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. Mean = 401.170 meters (1,316.175 feet), Standard Deviation = 420.900 based on 87 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

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