Common Names
Click on the language to view common names.
Common Names in Bengali:
Pal Catechu
Common Names in Chinese:
Zong Er Cha
Common Names in English:
Gambier, Gambir, Pale Catechu
Common Names in Swedish:
Gambirkatechu
Description
Family Rubiaceae
The Rubiaceae are trees , shrubs , or infrequently herbs comprising about 450 genera and 6,500 species, including some lianous forms. The leaves are simple and usually entire, and are opposite or sometimes whorled ; stipules are present and interpetiolar . The flowers are nearly always bisexual and actinomorphic , often heterostylous, and usually are in cymose inflorescences. The calyx is mostly somewhat reduced and 4-5-lobed or sometimes the lobes are obsolete or rarely one of them greatly expanded and brightly colored . The sympetalous corolla is mostly 4-5-lobed, occasionally with 3 or up to 10 lobes. The androecium consists of as many stamens as corolla lobes and is adnate to the corolla tube or epigynous zone, alternate with the lobes. The gynoecium consists of a single compound pistil of 2 or seldom more carpels, a single style, and a nearly always inferior ovary with the number of locules equaling the number of carpels, each with 1-many axile ovules. An epigynous nectary disk is usually present. The fruit is variable, sometimes forming multiples . -- Gerald Carr.
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
)
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
)
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
)
- Sinnott, 1935 Ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
)
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
)
- Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
(
)
- Brongniart, 1843
- Dicotyledons
- Subclass:
Lamiidae
(
)
- Takhtajan Ex Reveal, 1992
- Superorder:
Gentiananae
(
)
- Thorne Ex Reveal, 1992
- Order:
Rubiales
(
)
- Dumortier, 1829
- Family:
Rubiaceae
(
)
- A.l. De Jussieu, 1789
- Coffee Family
- Subfamily:
Cinchonoideae
(
)
- Genus:
Uncaria
(
)
- Schreber, 1789, nom. cons.
- Specific epithet:
gambir
- (Hunter) Roxb.
- Botanical name: - Uncaria gambir (W. Hunter) Roxb.
- Specific epithet:
gambir
- (Hunter) Roxb.
- Genus:
Uncaria
(
- Subfamily:
Cinchonoideae
(
- Family:
Rubiaceae
(
- Order:
Rubiales
(
- Superorder:
Gentiananae
(
- Subclass:
Lamiidae
(
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
(
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Unambiguous Synonyms
- Nauclea gambir Hunter
- Ourouparia gambir (Hunter) Baill.
- Uncaria gambir var. latifolia S. Moore
- Uruparia gambir (Hunter) Kuntze
Notes
Name
Status: Accepted Name
. Latest taxonomic
scrutiny: Govaerts R., 11-Nov-2003
Place of publication
: Fl.
ind. 2:126. 1824
Name verified on 07-Nov-1985 by ARS Systematic Botanists. Last updated: 22-May-1997
Similar Species
Members of the genus Uncaria
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 86 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:
U. acida · U. acida var. acida · U. acida var. papuana · U. africana · U. africana angolensis · U. africana subsp. angolensis · U. africana subsp. lacus-victoriae · U. attenuata · U. barbata · U. bernaysii · U. borneensis · U. burchellii · U. callophylla · U. calophylla · U. canescens · U. celebica · U. clavisepala · U. cordata · U. cordata f. insignis · U. cordata f. leiantha · U. cordata f. sundaica · U. cordata forma insignis · U. cordata forma leiantha · U. cordata forma sundaica · U. cordata var. cordata · U. cordata var. ferruginea · U. donisii · U. dosedlae · U. elliptica · U. florida · U. elliptica · U. gambir (Pale Catechu) · U. glabrescens · U. grandidieri · U. guianensis · U. hirsuta · U. homomalla · U. kunstleri · U. laevifolia · U. laevigata · U. lancifolia · U. lanosa · U. lanosa f. glabrescens · U. lanosa f. gynogumna · U. lanosa f. philippinensis · U. lanosa f. setiloba · U. lanosa f. sumatrana · U. lanosa forma glabrescens · U. lanosa forma gynogumna · U. lanosa forma philippinensis · U. lanosa forma setiloba · U. lanosa forma sumatrana · U. lanosa var. appendiculata · U. lanosa var. ferrea · U. lanosa var. glabrata · U. lanosa var. korrensis · U. lanosa var. lanosa · U. lanosa var. toppingii · U. longiflora · U. longiflora var. longiflora · U. longiflora var. pteropoda · U. macrophylla · U. nervoca · U. nervosa · U. oligoneura · U. orientalis · U. paucinervis · U. peltata · U. perrottetii · U. philippinensis · U. procumbens · U. rhynchophylla · U. rostrata · U. roxburghiana · U. scandens · U. schlenckerae · U. sessilifructus · U. setiloba · U. sinensis · U. sterrophylla · U. talbotii · U. thwaitesii · U. tomentosa · U. velutina · U. wallichii · U. yunnanensis
More Info
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Further Reading
- Anglo-russkii biologicheskii slovar' / [avtory, I. N. Afanas'eva et al.; spetsial'nye nauch. redaktory, O. I. Chibisova i L. A. Koziar]. Moskva: Russkii iazyk, 1979. ENG url p. 260, p. 464.
- Annales du Jardin botanique de Buitenzorg. Leiden [etc.]E.J. Brill [etc.]. ENG url p. 87.
- Aubréville, A. et al., eds. 1961–. Flore du Gabon. (F Gabon) [introduced].
- Backer, C. A. & R. C. Bakhuizen van den Brink, Jr. 1963–1968. Flora of Java. (F Java)
- Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des sİances de l'Acadİmie des sciences. Paris: publiİs avec le concours du Centre national de la recherche scientifique par MM. les secrİtaires perpİtuels: -1965. FRE url p. 668.
- Duke, J. A. et al. 2002. CRC Handbook of medicinal herbs. (CRC MedHerbs ed2)
- Encke, F. et al. 1984. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage. (Zander ed13)
- Fifty years of botany; golden jubilee volume of the Botanical Society of America, edited by William Campbell Steere. New York, McGraw-Hill, 1958. ENG url p. 528.
- Holttum, R. E. et al. 1953–1971. A revised flora of Malaya. (F Malaya)
- Leung, A. Y. & S. Foster. 1996. Encyclopedia of common natural ingredients used in food, drugs, and cosmetics, ed. 2. (Ency CNatIn) [mentions].
- McGuffin, M. et al., eds. 2000. Herbs of commerce, ed. 2. (Herbs Commerce ed2)
- Ridsdale, C. E. 1978. A revision of Mitragyna and Uncaria (Rubiaceae). Blumea 24:82.
- The Review of applied entomology. [Farnham Royal, Eng., etc.: Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, etc.] ENG url p. 481, p. 624, p. 631, p. 721.
- The tropical agriculturist. Colombo, Ceylon: A.M. & J. Ferguson, 1882- ENG url p. 125.
- Uphof, J. C. T. 1968. Dictionary of economic plants, ed. 2. (Dict Econ Pl)
Notes
Contributors
- Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2006. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Accessed October 7, 2006.
- USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (May 01, 2008)
- USDA, NRCS. 2005. The PLANTS Database, Version 3.5 (http://plants.usda.gov). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA.
- World Checklist of Selected Plant FamiliesFeb 2, 2006.
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2670089
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-506057
- GRIN Nomen Number: 40865
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 506057
- U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: UNGA
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 67278
