Tripterocalyx carnea

• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Description

Family Nyctaginaceae

Herbs, shrubs , trees , or sometimes spiny vines . Leaves opposite, alternate, or whorled ; stipules absent; petiole usually present, well defined; leaf blade simple , herbaceous or slightly fleshy , margin entire. Inflorescences mostly terminal , less often axillary , of cymes, umbels, or verticils , sometimes 1-flowered or fasciculate, often grouped into panicles; bracts often inconspicuous, sometimes forming calyxlike involucre, or large and brightly colored . Flowers bisexual , rarely unisexual or polygamous, actinomorphic . Perianth constricted beyond the ovary, base persistent , closely enclosing ovary which appears inferior, limb petaloid beyond constriction, tubular , funnelform , or campanulate , apex 5-10-lobed, lobes plicate or valvate in bud, persistent or caducous . Disk absent. Stamens (1-) 3-5(-many), hypogynous, free or connate at base, involute in bud; anthers 2-loculed, dehiscence longitudinal . Ovary superior, 1-loculed; ovule 1. Style 1; stigma globose . Fruit an achenelike anthocarp enclosed by persistent perianth, ribbed or winged , often glandular . Seed 1; endosperm present; embryo straight or curved .

About 30 genera and 300 species: tropics and subtropics, mainly in tropical America; six genera (two introduced ) and 13 species (one endemic, three introduced) in China.[1]

Genus Tripterocalyx

Herbs, annual , viscid pubescent to nearly glabrous , from slender or stout and ± woody taproots . Stems decumbent to semierect, unarmed , without glutinous bands on internodes. Leaves petiolate , unequal in size in each pair; blade ± thick and succulent, base usually asymmetric . Inflorescences axillary , pedunculate , capitate clusters ; receptacle flat to somewhat rounded-conic, with short, pedicel-like projections; flowers maturing from one side of inflorescence to other; bracts persistent , not accrescent , 5-10, distinct , thin and translucent , forming an involucre, linear-lanceolate to ovate , broad. Flowers bisexual , chasmogamous ; perianth radially symmetric , funnelform or salverform , constricted beyond ovary, abruptly expanded to 4-5-lobed limb; stamens (3-) 4-5, included ; styles included; stigmas linear . Fruits fusiform , indurate throughout, or spongy on exterior , minutely puberulent or glabrous; wings 2-4, translucent, prominently veined, scarious , extending beyond apex and/or base of body; sulci smooth or coarsely rugose .

Species 4: North America (including n Mexico).[2]

Physical Description

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Annual

Taxonomy

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Similar Species

Members of the genus Tripterocalyx

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 5 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

T. carnea (Winged Sandpuffs) · T. carnea var. carnea (Winged Sandpuffs) · T. carnea var. wootonii (Wooton's Sandpuffs) · T. crux-maltae (Lassen Sandverbena) · T. micranthus (Sandpuffs)

More Info

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Further Reading

• The Great Basin naturalist. 41 1981 Provo, Utah: M.L. Bean Life Science Museum, Brigham Young University, 1939-1999. url p. 69.
• Lu Dequan. 1996. Nyctaginaceae. In: Tang Changlin, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 26: 114.
• Galloway, L. A. 1975. Systematics of North American desert species of Abronia and Tripterocalyx. Brittonia 27: 328-347.

Notes

Contributors

• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2007. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Accessed March 31, 2007.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 15, 2012.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed February 28, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 2 providers.
• Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.
• USDA, NRCS. 2005. The PLANTS Database, Version 3.5 (http://plants.usda.gov). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal February 28, 2008:

• Arizona State University, International Institute for Species Exploration: Arizona State University Vascular Plant Herbarium
• Arizona State University, International Institute for Species Exploration: The Deaver Herbarium, Northern Arizona University
• Utah State University: USU-UTC Specimen Database

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2646112
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-19619
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:605238-1
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 19619
• International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 605238-1
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: TRCA13
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 64389

Footnotes

1. Dequan Lu & Michael G. Gilbert "Nyctaginaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 5 Page 430. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. Leo A. Galloway "Tripterocalyx". in Flora of North America Vol. 4 Page 16, 70. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.