Overview
Interesting Facts
Description
Family Fagaceae
Trees
or rarely shrubs
, monoecious, evergreen
or deciduous. Stipules usually early deciduous. Leaves alternate, sometimes false-whorled in Cyclobalanopsis. Inflorescences unisexual
or androgynous with female cupules at the base
of an otherwise male inflorescence. Male inflorescences a pendulous head
or erect
or pendulous catkin, sometimes branched; flowers in dense cymules
. Male flower: sepals 4-6(-9), scalelike, connate
or distinct
; petals absent; filaments
filiform
; anthers
dorsifixed
or versatile, opening by longitudinal
slits; with or without a rudimentary
pistil. Female inflorescences of 1-7 or more flowers subtended individually or collectively by a cupule formed from numerous
fused bracts, arranged individually or in small groups along an axis or at base of an androgynous inflorescence or on a separate axis. Female flower: perianth 1-7 or more; pistil 1; ovary inferior, 3-6(-9) -loculed; style and carpels as many as locules; placentation axile
; ovules 2 per locule. Fruit a nut. Seed usually solitary by abortion
(but may be more than 1 in Castanea, Castanopsis, Fagus, and Formanodendron), without endosperm; embryo large.
Seven to 12 genera (depending on interpretation) and 900-1000 species: worldwide except for tropical
and S Africa; seven genera and 294 species (163 endemic, at least three introduced
) in China.
Many species are important timber trees. Nuts of Fagus, Castanea, and of most Castanopsis species are edible, and oil
is extracted from nuts of Fagus. Nuts of most species of this family
contain copious
amounts of water soluble tannin. Members
of the Fagaceae are the main element of both broad-leaved evergreen and mixed mesophytic
forests
from 500-3200 m.
[1]
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
()
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
()
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
()
- Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
()
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
()
- Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Subclass:
Rosidae
()
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder:
Faganae
()
- (Engler, 1892) Takhtajan, 1997
- Order:
Fagales
()
- Engler, 1892
- Family:
Fagaceae
()
- Dumortier, 1829
- Beech Family
- Subfamily:
Quercoideae
()
- Tribe:
Tradescantieae
()
- Genus:
Trigonobalanus
()
- Forman, 1962
- Specific epithet:
verticillata
- Forman
- Botanical name: - Trigonobalanus verticillata Forman
- Specific epithet:
verticillata
- Forman
- Genus:
Trigonobalanus
(
- Tribe:
Tradescantieae
(
- Subfamily:
Quercoideae
(
- Family:
Fagaceae
(
- Order:
Fagales
(
- Superorder:
Faganae
(
- Subclass:
Rosidae
(
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Notes
Name
Status: Accepted Name
.
Last scrutiny: 11-Nov-2003
Similar Species
Members of the genus Trigonobalanus
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 0 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:
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Further Reading
- Govaerts, R. & D. G. Frodin. 1998. World checklist and bibliography of Fagales. (L Fagales)
- Huang Chengchiu, Chang Yongtian, Hsu Yongchun & Jen Hsienwei. 1998. Fagaceae. In: Chun Woonyong & Huang Chengchiu, eds. Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 22: 1-332.
Notes
Contributors
- Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 16, 2012.
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed February 29, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from provider.
- Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.
- USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (May 04, 2008)
- World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Release date: November 27, 2009
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal February 29, 2008:
- Australian National Herbarium (CANB)
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 5955585
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Kew-208735
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:360431-1
- GRIN Nomen Number: 451050
- International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 360431-1
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 1035830
Footnotes
- Chengjiu Huang, Yongtian Zhang & Bruce Bartholomew "Fagaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 4 Page 314. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
