Trifolium echinatum

• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Interesting Facts

Common Names

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Description

Genus Trifolium

Annual or perennial herbs. Leaf trifoliolate , rarely (not in the local species) digitately 5-9-foliolate, leaflets mostly dentate ; stipules adnate to petiole . Inflorescence a sessile or pedunculate head or short raceme or solitary. Bracts present or absent. Calyx variable, accrescent or inflated , teeth equal or unequal. Corolla pink, red to purple, white or yellow, persistent . Stamens diadelphous , 9+1, vexillary stamens free , anthers uniform . Ovary with few ovules, style incurved , stigma capitate. Fruit usually included in calyx, often indehiscent, 1-2 (-12) -seeded.

A genus with about 300 species, distributed in temperate regions with centres of distribution in the Mediterranean region, Ethiopia, California and Chile; locally represented by 8 species, including 4 introduced species .[1]

Physical Description

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 2,518 meters (0 to 8,261 feet).[2]

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Annual

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Trifolium procerum Rochel • Trifolium reclinatum Waldst. & Kit. • Trifolium supinum Savi

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Comment: Climbing : Not climbing, Conservation Status: Not Threatened, Habit: Herb, Lifespan: Annual

Last scrutiny: 2005-2006

Similar Species

Members of the genus Trifolium

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 175 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

T. africanum (African Clover) · T. aintabense (Aintab Clover) · T. albopurpureum (Rancheria Clover) · T. alexandrinum (Alexandrinischer Klee) · T. alpestre (Purple Globe Clover) · T. alpinum (Alpen Klee) · T. amabile (Aztec Clover) · T. ambiguum (Caucasian Clover) · T. andersonii (Fiveleaf Clover) · T. andersonii beatleyae var. beatleyae (Anderson´s Clover) · T. andersonii monoense var. monoense (Anderson´s Clover) · T. andinum (Great Divide Clover) · T. angustifolium (Narrow Clover) · T. apertum (Open Clover) · T. arvense (Acker Klee) · T. attenuatum (Rocky Mountain Clover) · T. aureum (Gold Klee) · T. badium (Braun Klee) · T. barbigerum (Bearded Clover) · T. beckwithii (Beckwith's Clover) · T. bejariense (Bejar Clover) · T. berytheum (Beirut Clover) · T. bifidum (Notchleaf Clover) · T. bocconei (Twin-Flowered Clover) · T. boissieri (Boissier´s Clover) · T. bolanderi (Parasol Clover) · T. brandegeei (Brandegee's Clover) · T. breweri (Forest Clover) · T. buckwestiorum (Santa Cruz Clover) · T. calcaricum (Running Glade Clover) · T. campestre (Acker Klee) · T. canescens (Graying Clover) · T. carolinianum (Carolina Clover) · T. caucasicum (Caucasian Clover) · T. cernuum (Drooping-Flowered Clover) · T. cherleri (Cherlers Klee) · T. chilense (Chilean Clover) · T. ciliolatum (Foothill Clover) · T. clypeatum (Schildartiger Klee) · T. congestum (Crowded Clover) · T. cyathiferum (Cup Clover) · T. dalmaticum (Dalmatian Clover) · T. dasyphyllum (Alpine Clover) · T. depauperatum (Cowbag Clover) · T. depauperatum var. amplectens (Dwarf Sack Clover) · T. dichotomum (Branched Indian Clover) · T. diffusum (Diffuse Clover) · T. douglasii (Douglas' Clover) · T. dubium (Hop Clover) · T. echinatum (Hedgehog Clover) · T. eriocephalum (Woollyhead Clover) · T. eriosphaerum (Woolly Round-Head Clover) · T. fragiferum (Erdbeer Klee) · T. fragiferum bonannii (Erdbeer Klee) · T. fragiferum fragiferum (Strawberry Trefoil) · T. friscanum (Frisco Clover) · T. fucatum (Bull Clover) · T. glanduliferum (Glandular Clover) · T. globosum (Globe Clover) · T. glomeratum (Cluster Clover) · T. gracilentum (Pin-Point Clover) · T. grandiflorum (Zlatoshchitnik Krupnotzvetkovy) · T. gymnocarpon (Hollyleaf Clover) · T. gymnocarpon plummerae var. plummerae (Tufted Clover) · T. haussknechtii (Haussknecht´s Clover) · T. haydenii (Hayden's Clover) · T. hirtum (Rose Clover) · T. howellii (Canyon Clover) · T. hybridum (Alsike) · T. hybridum anatolicum (Alsike) · T. hybridum elegans (Schäner Schweden Klee) · T. hybridum hybridum (Alsike) · T. incarnatum (Crimson Clover) · T. incarnatum incarnatum (Crimson Clover) · T. jokerstii (Jim's Clover) · T. kingii (Dedecker's Clover) · T. kingii macilentum (Shasta Clover) · T. lappaceum (Bur Clover) · T. lappaceum adrianopolitanum (Bur Clover) · T. lappaceum lappaceum (Burdock Clover) · T. latifolium (Twin Clover) · T. leibergii (Leiberg's Clover) · T. lemmonii (Lemmon's Clover) · T. ligusticum (Ligurian Clover) · T. longipes atrorubens (Long-Stalk Clover) · T. longipes atrorubens var. atrorubens (Long-Stalk Clover) · T. longipes pedunculatum var. pedunculatum (Long-Stalk Clover) · T. longipes var. multipedunculatum (Long-Stalk Clover) · T. longipes var. shastense (Long-Stalk Clover) · T. lupinaster (Lupine Clover) · T. lupinaster lupinaster (Clover Spp.) · T. macraei (Chilean Clover) · T. macrocephalum (Bighead Clover) · T. medium (Zigzag Clover) · T. medium medium (Zigzag Clover) · T. melilotus-ornithopodioides (Birdsfoot Trefoil) · T. michelianum (Bigflower Clover) · T. michelianum var. balansae (Balansa Clover) · T. michelianum var. michelianum (Big-Flower Clover (Usa)) · T. micranthum (Lesser Suckling Clover)

More Info

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• Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books

Further Reading

• Seeds handbook for agriculture, horticulture and forestry, with a key for the identification of the important agricultural seeds = Handbuch der Samenkunde für Landwirtschaft, Gartenbau und Forstwirtschaft, mit einem Schlussel zur Bestimmung der wichtigsten landwirtschaftlichen Samen / Walther Brouwen and Adolf Stahlin. [S.l.: s.n.], 1980. url p. 90.

Notes

Contributors

• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2006. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Accessed April 19, 2007.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2007. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Accessed September 17, 2007.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed March 27, 2012.
• Fautin, Daphne G. (from Hexacorallians of the World).
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed January 24, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 2 providers.
• Hexacorallians of the World 2001.
• Home of the Xylariaceae 2006.
• ILDIS World Database of Legumes. Release date: May 1, 2007
• ILDIS World Database of Legumes, 10, Nov 2005
• ILDIS World Database of LegumesNov 10, 2005.
• Lewis GP, 1994/1995 (from ILDIS).
• Light, Kris. East Tennessee Wildflowers
• Ocean Biogeographic Information System. Accessed March 01, 2006. www.iobis.org
• Parhost World Database of FleasNov 2, 2005.
• Podlech D, 1996 (from ILDIS).
• Rhytismatales database 2006.
• Rico ML, 1994 (from ILDIS World Database of Legumes).
• Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.
• The International Plant Names Index. Accessed Jan 19, 2007.
• The Virtual Field Herbarium.
• USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (May 01, 2008)

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal January 26, 2008:

• Biologiezentrum der Oberoesterreichischen Landesmuseen, Biologiezentrum Linz
• International Plant Genetic Resources Institute(IPGRI), The System-wide Information Network for Genetic Resources
• Israel Nature and Parks Authority, Israel Nature and Parks Authority
• National Herbarium of New South Wales, NSW herbarium collection
• Oregon State University, Vascular Plant Collection
• The Swedish Museum of Natural History
• , Lund Botanical Museum
• UK National Biodiversity Network, Botanical Society of the British Isles - Vascular Plants Database
• US National Plant Germplasm System, United States National Plant Germplasm System Collection
• USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 3876954
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ILD-5498
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 4490920
• GRIN Nomen Number: 300616
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 507213
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: TREC2
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 66749

Footnotes

1. "Trifolium". in Flora of Pakistan Page 284. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. Mean = 281.900 meters (924.869 feet), Standard Deviation = 465.120 based on 206 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.