Tragopogon porrifolius

• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Genus Tragopogon

Biennials (sometimes winter annuals ) [perennials ], (15-) 50-150 cm; taprooted. Stems 1(-5), erect , usually branched proximally, glabrous or tomentulose to floccose [lanate ], often glabrescent . Leaves basal and cauline; sessile; blades linear to lance-linear or lance-attenuate (grasslike) [lanceolate to oblong ], (bases clasping ) margins entire (faces glabrous or tomentulose to floccose [lanate], often glabrescent). Heads borne singly (terminal ). Peduncles often inflated distally (not in T. pratensis), ebracteate . Calyculi 0. Involucres campanulate [cylindric ] (at flowering), mostly 10-20+ mm diam. Phyllaries usually [5-7] 8-12 [13-16] in 1 series, linear-lanceolate, triangular-lanceolate [oblong-lanceolate], linear, ± equal, margins white, narrowly pellucid , apices acute (faces glabrous [with intertwining hairs ]). Receptacles convex , smooth , glabrous, epaleate. Florets (30-) 50-180+; corollas yellow or purple (proximally yellow, distally purple in T. mirus) (± deliquescent). Cypselae dark to pale brown, stramineous , whitish, bodies ± fusiform to cylindric, usually beaked , beaks concolorous with, or paler than bodies, abrupt to gradually tapered, 5-10-ribbed (ribs usually muricate , prickly, or scaly ), faces usually glabrous, sometimes scaley or muricate; pappi (usually borne on discs at tips of beaks) persistent , of 12-20+, brownish to whitish, basally connate , ± plumose , subequal to unequal awns or subulate scales , in 1 series (lateral barbs or setulae often ± intertwined). x = 6.

Species 100-150 (5, including 2 amphidipl: introduced ; Eurasia , n Africa; introduced in Australia.

Tragopogon is weedy in North America. Allotetraploids T. mirus and T. miscellus are native to the United States. The heads of tragopogons usually open early mornings and close by midday.[1]

Physical Description

Habitat

Disturbed sites; 200-2000 m [2].

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 3,018 meters (0 to 9,902 feet).[3]

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Biennial • Coppice Potential: No • Progagated by Bulbs: No • Propagated by Bare Root: No • Propagated by Container: No • Propagated by Corms: No • Propagated by Cuttings: No • Propagated by Seed: Yes • Propagated by Sod: No • Propagated by Sprigs: No • Propagated by Tubers: No • Fruit/Seed Period Begin: Spring • Fruit/Seed Period End: Summer • Fruit/Seed Persistence: Yes

Growth

Culture: Space 12-15" apart.

Soil: Adapted to Medium Textured: Adapted to Medium Textured Soils • Adapted to Coarse Textured Soils: Yes • Anaerobic Tolerance: None • Salinity Tolerance: None • CaCO3 Tolerance: High • Minimum pH: 5.2 • Maximum pH: 7.8 • Fertility Requirement: Medium

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Sun to Partial Shade. • Shade Tolerance: Intermediate

Moisture: Drought Tolerance: Medium • Minimum Precipitation: 14 • Maximum Precipitation: 55 • Moisture Use: Medium

Temperature: Minimum Temperature (F): -28 • Minimum Frost Free Days: 110 • Cold Hardiness: 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b. (map)

Taxonomy

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Place of publication : Sp. pl. 2:789. 1753

Name verified on 20-May-1992 by ARS Systematic Botanists. Last updated: 31-Dec-2001

Similar Species

Members of the genus Tragopogon

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 143 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:

T. afghanicus · T. albinervis · T. angustifolium · T. angustifolius · T. asper · T. aureus · T. australis · T. badachschanicus · T. balcanicum · T. balcanicus · T. baylei · T. bjelorussicus · T. bornmuelleri · T. borysthenicus · T. brevirostris · T. buphtalmoides · T. buphthalmoides · T. campestris · T. capensis · T. capitatus · T. castellanus · T. cazorlanum · T. coelesyriacus · T. collinus · T. coloratus · T. crantzii (Crantz's Salsify) · T. cretaceus · T. croccifolius · T. crocifolium · T. crocifolius · T. cupani · T. dalechampii · T. dandelion · T. dasyrhynchus · T. dubius (Showy Yellow Goatsbeard) · T. dubius subsp. major · T. elatior · T. elongatus · T. eriospermus · T. floccosus (Woolly Goatsbeard) · T. geropogon · T. glaber · T. gorskianus · T. gracilis · T. graminifolia · T. graminifolius · T. grandiflorus · T. hayekii · T. heterospermus · T. hirsutus · T. hybridum · T. hybridus · T. kasahstanicus · T. kashmirianus · T. kemulariae · T. ketzkhovelii · T. kindingeri · T. kotschyi · T. krascheninnikovii · T. lamottei (Meadow Salsify) · T. lassithicus · T. latifolius · T. leiocarpos · T. lithuanicus · T. livescens · T. longifolius · T. longirostris · T. macrocephalus · T. macropogon · T. major · T. majus · T. marginatus · T. marginifolius · T. melanantherus · T. meskheticus · T. minor · T. mirabilis (Ontario Goat's-Beard) · T. mirus (Remarkable Goat's-Beard) · T. miscellus (Hybrid Goat's-Beard) · T. montanus · T. mutabilis · T. nebrodensis · T. neohybridum · T. neohybridus (Newhybrid Salsify) · T. novus · T. oligolepis · T. olympicus · T. orientalis · T. persicum · T. phaenopappus · T. pichleri · T. picroides · T. podolicus · T. porrifolium · T. porrifolius (Vegetable Oyster Plant) · T. porrifolius australis · T. porrifolius 'Giant' (Vegetable Oyster Plant) · T. porrifolius 'Mammoth Sandwich Island' (Vegetable Oyster Plant) · T. praecox · T. pratense

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Further Reading

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Notes

Contributors

• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed November 14, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 20 providers.
• "Tragopogon porrifolius". in Flora of North America Vol. 19, 20 and 21 Page 304, 306. Published by Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org.
• USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (May 01, 2008)

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 14, 2007:

• Berkeley Natural History Museums, University and Jepson Herbaria DiGIR provider
• Biologiezentrum der Oberoesterreichischen Landesmuseen, Biologiezentrum Linz
• Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem, Herbarium Willing
• Canadian Museum of Nature, Canadian Museum of Nature Herbarium
• Conservatoire botanique national du Bassin parisien, Conservatoire botanique national du Bassin parisien
• GBIF-Spain, Botánica, Universidad de León: LEB-Cormo
• GBIF-Spain, Dirección General de Investigación, Desarrollo Tecnológico e Innovación de la Junta de Extremadura(DGIDTI): HSS
• GBIF-Spain, Herbario Universidad de Málaga: MGC-Cormófitos
• GBIF-Spain, Institut Botanic de Barcelona, BC
• GBIF-Spain, Jardín Botánico de Córdoba: Herbarium COA
• GBIF-Spain, Real Jardin Botanico
• , Vascular Plant Herbarium
• GBIF-Spain, Universidad de Almería, HUAL
• Herbarium Hamburgense, Impetus - Herbarium Hamburgense
• International Plant Genetic Resources Institute(IPGRI), EURISCO
• Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research
• , IPK Genebank
• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
• National Herbarium of New South Wales, NSW herbarium collection
• Oregon State University, Vascular Plant Collection
• School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Arizona State University Vascular Plant Herbarium
• School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, The Deaver Herbarium, Northern Arizona University
• SysTax, Herbarium Universitat Ulm
• SysTax, SysTax
• The Swedish Museum of Natural History
• , Botany
• The Swedish Museum of Natural History
• , Herbarium of Oskarshamn
• UK National Biodiversity Network, Botanical Society of the British Isles - Vascular Plants Database
• USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database
• University of Washington Burke Museum, Vascular Plant Collection - University of Washington Herbarium
• Utah State University, USU-UTC Specimen Database
• Utah Valley State College
• , Utah Valley State College Herbarium

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2659440
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-38568
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 14098067
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:91314-3
• GRIN Nomen Number: 36817
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 38568
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: TRPO
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 65519

Footnotes

1. Pamela S. Soltis "Tragopogon". in Flora of North America Vol. 19, 20 and 21 Page 215, 303, 304. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. "Tragopogon porrifolius". in Flora of North America Vol. 19, 20 and 21 Page 304, 306. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
3. Mean = 239.770 meters (786.647 feet), Standard Deviation = 481.430 based on 1,482 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

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