Common Names
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Common Names in English:
Black Eye Susan, Black-Eyed Susan Vine, Black-Eyed-Susan-Vine, Blackeyed Susan Vine
Common Names in French:
Suzanne Aux Yeux Noirs
Common Names in German:
Schwarzäugige Susanne
Common Names in Spanish:
Ojitos Negros
Description
Family Acanthaceae
The Acanthaceae are mostly herbs or shrubs comprising about 250 genera and 2,500 species, including twining forms. The leaves are simple , opposite and decussate; stipules are lacking. The flowers are bisexual , zygomorphic, and usually are associated with conspicuous , often brightly colored bracts. The calyx is usually deeply 4-5 lobed or sometimes is highly reduced with more numerous minute teeth. The corolla is sympetalous , usually 5-merous, mostly zygomorphic, and commonly 2 lipped. The androecium usually consists of 4 didynamous stamens or only 2 stamens adnate to the corolla tube or epigynous zone, alternate with the lobes . The gynoecium consists of a single compound pistil of 2 carpels, a single style , and a superior ovary with 2 locules, each with usually 2-10 axile ovules in one or two collateral vertical tiers . An annular nectary disk is usually found around the base of the ovary. The fruit is commonly an elastically dehiscent loculicidal capsule. The seed stalk or funiculus of each seed is modified into a hook shaped jaculator or retinaculum that functions in flinging out the seeds during dehiscence. -- Gerald Carr.
Physical Description
Habit: Vine , Forb/herb
Flowers: Yellow flowers with dark centers. • Bloom Period: April, May, June, July, August. • Flower Color: orange, red, red-orange, yellow
Size/Age/Growth
Size: 6-8' tall.
Habitat
Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 3,037 meters (0 to 9,964 feet).Mean = 278.550 meters (913.878 feet), Standard Deviation = 521.560 based on 1,006 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre.
Biology
Reproduction
Duration: Perennial
Growth
Culture: Space 24-36" apart.
Soil: Minimum pH: 6.1 • Maximum pH: 7.8
Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Sun to Partial Shade.
Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b. (map)
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- Kingdom:
Plantae
()
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
()
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
()
- Sinnott, 1935 Ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
()
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
()
- Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
()
- Brongniart, 1843
- Dicotyledons
- Subclass:
Lamiidae
()
- Takhtajan Ex Reveal, 1992
- Superorder:
Lamianae
()
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Order:
Scrophulariales
()
- Lindley, 1833
- Family:
Acanthaceae
()
- Durande, 1782, Nom. Cons.
- Acanthus Family
- Subfamily:
Thunbergioideae
()
- Tribe:
Thunbergieae
()
- Genus:
Thunbergia
()
- Retz.
- Specific epithet:
alata
- Bojer ex Sims
- Botanical name: - Thunbergia alata Bojer ex Sims
- Specific epithet:
alata
- Bojer ex Sims
- Genus:
Thunbergia
(
- Tribe:
Thunbergieae
(
- Subfamily:
Thunbergioideae
(
- Family:
Acanthaceae
(
- Order:
Scrophulariales
(
- Superorder:
Lamianae
(
- Subclass:
Lamiidae
(
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
(
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Notes
Name
Status: Accepted Name
. Latest taxonomic
scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000.
Place of publication
: Bot. Mag. 52: t. 2591. 1825
Name verified on 09-Jun-2006 by ARS Systematic Botanists. Last updated: 09-Jun-2006.
Similar Species
Members of the genus Thunbergia
There are approximately 220 species in this genus. Here are just 100 of them:
T. 'Alamain Glory' · T. 'Beauty Spots' · T. 'Daniella' · T. 'Debora' · T. 'Diana' · T. 'Lemon Star' · T. 'Lisa' · T. 'Molly' · T. 'Samantha' · T. 'Sun Lady' (Black-Eyed Susan Vine) · T. abyssinica · T. acutibracteata · T. adenocalyx · T. adenophora · T. adjumaensis · T. affinis · T. alata (Black Eye Susan) · T. alata 'African Sunset' (Black-Eyed Susan Vine) · T. alata 'Alba Oculata' (Black-Eyed Susan Vine) · T. alata 'Alba' (Black-Eyed Susan Vine) · T. alata 'Apricot Smoothie' (Black Eyed Susan Vine) · T. alata 'Blushing Susie' (Blushing Susie Black-Eyed Susan Vine) · T. alata 'Lemon Star' (Black-Eyed Susan Vine) · T. alata 'Orange Beauty' (Black-Eyed Susan Vine) · T. alata 'Orange Wonder' (Black-Eyed Susan Vine) · T. alata 'Raspberry Smoothie' (Black-Eyed Susan Vine) · T. alata 'Salmon Shades' (Black-Eyed Susan Vine) · T. alata 'Smoothie' (Black-Eyed Susan Vine) · T. alata 'Spanish Eyes' (Black-Eyed Susan Vine) · T. alata 'Superstar Orange' (Black-Eyed Susan Vine) · T. alba · T. albiflora · T. amanensis · T. amoena · T. anatina · T. angolensis · T. angulata · T. angustata · T. angustifolia · T. annua · T. argentea · T. armipotens · T. arnhemica · T. aspera · T. atacorensis · T. atriplicifolia · T. attenuata · T. aurantiaca · T. aurea · T. aureosetosa · T. bachmannii · T. backerii · T. bancana · T. battescombei · T. battiscombei (Bengal Clock Vine) · T. battiscombeii · T. bauri · T. beniensis · T. bicolor · T. bikimaensis · T. bodinieri · T. bogoroensis · T. borbonica · T. brachypoda · T. brewerioides · T. byalina · T. capensis · T. castellaneana · T. cerinthoides · T. chinensis · T. chiovendae · T. chrysochlamys · T. chrysops · T. ciliata · T. clarkei · T. coccinea (Thunbergia) · T. coccinea 'Lutea' · T. coccinia · T. coerulea · T. collina · T. colpifera · T. combretoides · T. convolvulifolia · T. cordata · T. cordibracteolata · T. cordifolia · T. crispa · T. cuanzensis · T. cyanea · T. cycnium · T. cynanchifolia · T. deflexiflora · T. delamerei · T. doddsii · T. dregeana (Thunbergia) · T. eberhardti · T. elegans · T. elliotii · T. elskensi · T. erecta (Bush Clockvine)
Bibliography
- Arnold, T. H. and B. C. De Wet, eds. 1993. Plants of southern Africa: names and distribution. Mem. Bot. Surv. S. Africa no. 62. (Pl SAfr)
- Cabrera, A. L., dir. 1977 –. Flora de la provincia de Jujuy, Republica Argentina. (F Jujuy)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences. 1959 –. Flora reipublicae popularis sinicae. (F China)
- Cufodontis, G. 1953 –1972. Enumeratio plantarum aethiopiae: Spermatophyta. (F EthiopCuf)
- Daniel, T. F. 1997. Catalog of the Acanthaceae of Belize with taxonomic and phytogeographic notes. Contr. Univ. Michigan Herb. 21:171.
- Encke, F. et al. 1993. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 14. Auflage. (Zander ed14)
- Grierson, A. J. C. and D. J. Long. 1984 –. Flora of Bhutan including a record of plants from Sikkim. (F Bhutan)
- Huxley, A., ed. 1992. The new Royal Horticultural Society dictionary of gardening. (Dict Gard)
- Malezasdemexico. Malezas de México - on-line resource. (Malezas Mex)
- Matthew, K. M. 1983. The flora of the Tamilnadu Carnatic. (F TamilC)
- Oliver, D. et al., eds. v. 1-3, and W. T. Thiselton Dyer et al., eds. v. 4-10. 1868 –1937. Flora of tropical Africa. (F TAfr)
- Parsons, W. T. and E. G. Cuthbertson. 1992. Noxious weeds of Australia. (Noxweed Aust) [mentions as ornamental].
- Pullaiah, T. et al. 1997 –1998. Flora of Andhra Pradesh (India). (F Andhra Prad)
- Saldanha, C. J. and D. H. Nicolson. 1976. Flora of Hassan district. (F Hassan) [naturalized].
- Smith, A. C. 1979 –1991. Flora vitiensis nova. (F Viti)
- Troupin, G. 1978 –. Flore du Rwanda. (F Rwanda)
- Verma, D. M. et al. (vol. 1); V. Mudgal et al. (vol. 2). 1993 –. Flora Madhya Pradesh. (F Madhya Prad)
- Wasshausen, D. C. 1998. Acanthaceae of the Southeastern United States. Castanea 63:101.
More Info
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Notes
Contributors
- Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 and ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed November 22, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 40 providers.
- MBLWHOI Library: Universal Biological Index and Organizer. uBio.org accessed July 18, 2008.
- USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (May 01, 2008)
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 22, 2007:
- Australian National Herbarium
- , Australian National Herbarium
- Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum, Bishop Museum Natural History Specimen Data
- GBIF-Spain, JardÃn Botánico de Córdoba: Herbarium COA
- Herbier de la Guyane, Herbier de la Guyane
- Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad
- , Biodiversidad de Costa Rica
- Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
- National Herbarium of New South Wales, NSW herbarium collection
- National Herbarium of New South Wales, Plants of Papua New Guinea
- SysTax, Herbarium Universitat Ulm
- SysTax, SysTax
- USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2576524
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-34407
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13748177
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:56177-1
- GRIN Nomen Number: 36599
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 34407
- U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: THAL3
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 65976
