Tamarix aphylla

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Family Tamaricaceae

Shrubs , subshrubs , or trees . Leaves small, mostly scale-like, alternate, estipulate, usually sessile, mostly with salt-secreting glands . Flowers usually in racemes or panicles, rarely solitary, usually hermaphroditic , regular. Calyx 4- or 5-fid, persistent . Petals 4 or 5, free , deciduous after anthesis or sometimes persistent. Disk inferior, usually thick, nectarylike. Stamens 4, 5, or more numerous , usually free, inserted on disk, rarely united into fascicle at base , or united up to half length into a tube . Anthers 2-thecate, longitudinally dehiscent . Pistil 1, consisting of 2-5 carpels; ovary superior, 1-loculed; placentation parietal , rarely septate , or basal; ovules numerous, rarely few; styles short, usually 2-5, free, sometimes united. Capsule conic, abaxially dehiscent. Seeds numerous, hairy throughout or awned at apex; awns puberulous from base or from middle ; endosperm present or absent; embryo orthotropous .

Three genera and ca. 110 species: steppe and desert regions of the Old World; three genera and 32 species (12 endemic) in China.

Myrtama has been placed alternatively in Myricaria, Tamarix, or treated as a separate genus (see Gaskin et al. , Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 91: 402-410. 2004; Zhang et al., Acta Bot. Boreal.-Occid. Sin. 20: 421-431. 2000) .[1]

Genus Tamarix

Shrubs or trees , much branched. Young branches usually glabrous ; two types of branches present: ligneous growing branches, not deciduous in winter vs. green vegetative branchlets , deciduous in winter. Leaves alternate, sessile, amplexicaul or vaginate , small, scale-like, glabrous, rarely hairy , mostly with salt-secreting glands . Flowers in racemes or panicles, blooming in spring ; racemes lateral on growing branches of previous or current year and clustered in terminal panicles, or two types of flowering habits present in some species. Flowers bisexual , rarely unisexual , 4- or 5(or 6) -merous, usually pedicellate ; bract 1. Calyx herbaceous or fleshy , 4- or 5-fid; lobes entire or faintly denticulate . Petals as many as calyx lobes, deciduous or persistent after anthesis . Disk variously shaped, mostly 4- or 5-lobed; lobes entire, or apex retuse or even deeply divided . Stamens 4 or 5, opposite to calyx lobes, or numerous , outer series opposite to calyx lobes; filaments often free , inserted between lobes of disk or at apices of lobes; anthers cordate, versatile, 2-thecate, longitudinally dehiscent . Pistil consisting of 3 or 4 carpels; ovary mostly conic, many seeded; placentation basal-parietal; styles 3 or 4; stigmas capitate, short. Capsule conic, abaxially 3-septicidal. Seeds numerous, minute; apical awns villous .

About 90 species: Africa, Asia, Europe; 18 species (seven endemic) in China.[2]

Physical Description

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 2,409 meters (0 to 7,904 feet).[3]

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Perennial

Growth

Soil: Minimum pH: 6.1 • Maximum pH: 9.0

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full Sun .

Moisture: Drought Tolerance: High

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b. (map)

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Cent. I Pl. 32. 1755. • Tamarix articulata Vahl • Thuya aphylla Linnaeus

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Similar Species

Members of the genus Tamarix

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 15 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

T. africana (African Tamarisk) · T. aphylla (Athel) · T. aralensis (Russian Tamarisk) · T. canariensis (Canary Island Tamarisk) · T. chinensis (China Tamarisk) · T. dioica (Saltcedar) · T. gallica (French Tamarisk) · T. parviflora (Saltcedar) · T. ramosissima (Five-Stamen Tamarix) · T. ramosissima 'Pink Cascade' (Five-Stamen Tamarix) · T. ramosissima 'Rosea' (Salt Cedar) · T. ramosissima 'Rubra' (Five-Stamen Tamarix) · T. ramosissima 'Summer Glow' (Five-Stamen Tamarix) · T. tetragyna (Saltcedar) · T. tetranda 'Hulsdonk White' (Four-Stamen Tamarisk 'hulsdonk White')

More Info

• Search for Pictures: images.google.com
• Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
• Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
• Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books

Further Reading

• Aquatic and wetland plants of southwestern United States, by Donovan S. Correll and Helen B. Correll. [Washington]Environmental Protection Agency; [For sale by the Supt. of Docs., U.S. Govt. Print. Off.]1972. url p. 1148, p. 1149.
• Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). London: The Museum, 1951-1992. url p. 173, p. 180.
• California fish and game. [San Francisco, etc.]: State of California, Resources Agency, Dept. of Fish and Game. url p. 295.
• Cooperative economic insect report. Hyattsville, MD. [etc.]Plant Protection and Quarantine Programs Animal and Plant Health Service. url p. 625.
• Great Basin naturalist memoirs. 1987 [Provo, Utah]Brigham Young University, 1976-1992. url p. 610, p. 890.
• IUCN Directory of South Asian Protected Areas IUCN url p. 101, p. 113, p. 126, p. 128, p. 153, p. 163, p. 167, p. 177, p. 92.
• Inventory of seeds and plants imported / U.S. Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Plant Industry. Washington, D.C.: G.P.O., 1914-1924. url , , p. 26, p. 27, p. 38, p. 4, p. 47, p. 53, p. 56, p. 90.
• Nature Reserves of the Himalaya and the Mountains of Central Asia IUCN url p. 434, p. 470.
• Pamphlets on silviculture. [1899- url p. 1469, p. 893.
• Plants for California landscapes: a catalog of drought tolerant plants. [Sacramento, Calif.]: State of California, Resources Agency, Dept. of Water Resources, [1979] url p. 33.
• Postilla. 1966 New Haven, Conn.: Peabody Museum of Natural History, [1950?]-c2004. url fig. 11 , p. 12, p. 12.
• The Great Basin naturalist. 40 1980 Provo, Utah: M.L. Bean Life Science Museum, Brigham Young University, 1939-1999. url p. 56, p. 67.
• The contemporary land mammals of Egypt (including Sinai) / Dale J. Osborn, Ibrahim Helmy. 5 1980 [Chicago]: Field Museum of Natural History, 1980. url p. 44, p. 51.
• The ethnobotany of southern Balochistan, Pakistan: with particular reference to medicinal plants / Steven M. Goodman, Abdul Ghafoor. 31 1992 Chicago, Ill.: Field Museum of Natural History, c1992. url fig. 4 , p. 30, p. 58, p. 7, p. 84.
• Trees: the yearbook of agriculture 1949. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture: 1949. url p. 819, p. 820, p. 940.
• Trees: the yearbook of agriculture, 1949 / the United States Department of Agriculture. Washington, D.C.: United States Government Printing Office, 1949 url p. 819, p. 820, p. 940.
• Zhang Pengyun & Zhang Yaojia. 1990. Tamaricaceae. In: Li Hsiwen, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 50(2): 142-177.
• Zhang Pengyun & Zhang Yaojia. 1990. Tamaricaceae. In: Li Hsiwen, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 50(2): 142-177.

Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal December 04, 2007:

• Australian National Herbarium
• , Australian National Herbarium
• Berkeley Natural History Museums, University and Jepson Herbaria DiGIR provider
• Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum, Bishop Museum Natural History Specimen Data
• Comisión nacional para el conocimiento y uso de la biodiversidad, Herbario del Instituto de Ecología, A.C., México
• Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden, Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden Virtual Herbarium Darwin Core format
• Herbarium Hamburgense, Impetus - Herbarium Hamburgense
• Israel Nature and Parks Authority, Israel Nature and Parks Authority
• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
• National Herbarium of New South Wales, NSW herbarium collection
• School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Arizona State University Vascular Plant Herbarium
• USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2648123
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-22306
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13787492
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:98339-3
• GRIN Nomen Number: 36222
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 22306
• International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 98339-3
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: TAAP
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 65298

Footnotes

1. Qiner Yang & John Gaskin "Tamaricaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 13 Page 58. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. "Tamarix". in Flora of China Vol. 13 Page 58, 59, 434. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
3. Mean = 511.710 meters (1,678.839 feet), Standard Deviation = 498.870 based on 92 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.