Symplocos martinicensis

• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Family Symplocaceae

Shrubs or trees , evergreen (Symplocos paniculata deciduous) . Leaves spirally or distichously arranged, simple ; stipules absent; leaf blade margin entire, dentate , or glandular dentate, midvein adaxially impressed or rarely flat or prominent . Inflorescences in spikes, racemes , panicles, or glomerules , rarely flowers solitary. Flowers actinomorphic , bisexual , rarely unisexual , supported by 1 bract and 2 bractlets , rarely bractless or with several bracts in leaf axil . Ovary inferior to half inferior, 2--5-locular but unless stated otherwise in descriptions 3-locular, with 2--4 ovules per locule. Calyx lobes (3--) 5, persistent , valvate or imbricate. Corolla white (not repeated in descriptions) or yellow, gamopetalous but divided nearly to base (or to middle in S. pendula) ; lobes (3--) 5(--11), imbricate. Stamens many, rarely 4 or 5, adnate to base of corolla tube , monadelphous in subgenus Symplocos, monadelphous to pentadelphous in subgenus Hopea; filaments distinct or in fascicles; anthers subglobose, 2-locular. Ovary usually with an apical 5-glandular, annular , cylindrical, or 5-lobed disc. Style 1, filiform ; stigma small, capitate or 2--5-lobed. Fruit a drupe. Seeds with copious endosperm; embryo straight or curved ; cotyledons very short.

One genus and ca. 200 species: widely distributed in tropics and subtropics of Asia, Australia, and America; 42 species (18 endemic) in China.[1]

Genus Symplocos

Morphological characters and geographical distribution are the same as the family .[2]

Physical Description

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 454 meters (0 to 1,490 feet).[3]

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Perennial

Taxonomy

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Similar Species

Members of the genus Symplocos

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 8 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

S. coccinea (Limoncillo) · S. lanata (Nispero Cimarron) · S. martinicensis (Martinique Sweetleaf) · S. micrantha (Aceitunilla) · S. paniculata (Asiatic Sweetleaf) · S. racemosa (Lodh Tree) · S. tacanensis (Palo Mora) · S. tinctoria (Common Sweetleaf)

More Info

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Further Reading

• A contribution to the botany of the Isle of Pines, Cuba, based upon the specimens of plants from that island contained in the herbarium of the Carnegie Museum under date of October, 1916. By O.E. Jennings. n.p., 1917 url p. 220.
• Addisonia: colored illustrations and popular descriptions of plants. New York: New York Botanical Garden, 1916-[1964]. url , , , , p. 1.
• An illustrated flora of the northern United States, Canada and the British possessions: from Newfoundland to the parallel of the southern boundary of Virginia and from the Atlantic Ocean westward to the 102nd meridian / by Nathaniel Lord Britton and Hon. Addison Brown. New York: Scribner, 1913. url .
• Annals of the Carnegie Museum. [Pittsburgh]: Published by authority of the Board of Trustees of the Carnegie Institute, 1901- url p. 220, p. 503.
• Bulletin - United States National Museum. 1879 Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press, [etc.];1877-1971. url p. 131.
• Bulletin of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. [Washington, D.C.?]: Supt. of Docs., G.P.O., 1913-1923. url p. 64, p. 93.
• Common trees of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands / by Elbert L. Little, Jr., and Frank H. Wadsworth. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service, 1964. url , p. 456, p. 547.
• Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 23 1920-1926 Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1890- url p. 1132, p. 169, p. 246.
• Contributions from the University of Michigan Herbarium. 14 1980 Ann Arbor: University Herbarium, University of Michigan, 1939- url p. 132, p. 139.
• Contributions to North American ichthyology. Based primarily on the collections of the United States National Museum. Washington: Govt. print. off., 1877-78. url p. 68.
• Dedication papers: scientific papers presented at the dedication of the laboratory building and plant houses, April 19-21, 1917. Brooklyn, N.Y.: Brooklyn Botanic Garden, 1918. url p. 79.
• Flora Vitiensis nova: a new Flora of Fiji (spermatophytes only) / Albert C. Smith. Lawaii, Hawaii: Pacific Tropical Botanical Garden, 1979- url p. 725.
• Forest of Port Rico; Washington, Govt. print. off., 1916. url p. 64, p. 93.
• Journal of the New York Botanical Garden. 41 1940 Lancaster, Pa.: Published for the Garden by the New Era Printing Co., 1900- url p. 302.
• North American trees: being descriptions and illustrations of the trees growing independently of cultivation in North America, north of Mexico and the West Indies / New York: H. Holt and Co., 1908. url .
• The Journal of the Linnean Society. Botany. 17 1880 London: the Society: Longman, Green, Longman, Roberts & Green: ||Williams and Norgate, 1865-1968. url p. 285, p. 286.
• The flora of St. Croix and the Virgin Islands, by Baron H.F.A. Eggers. Washington, Govt. Print. Off., 1879. url p. 68.
• The flora of the Dutch West Indian islands St. Eustatius, Saba and St. Martin. Leyden, Brill, 1909. url p. 153, p. 268, p. 283, p. 296, p. 320.
• The forests and flora of British Honduras / by Paul C. Standley and Samuel J. Record; in cooperation with the Conservator of Forests and the Agricultural Officer of the Colony. 12 1936 Chicago: [Field Museum of Natural History], 1936. url p. 318, p. 54.
• Wood; a manual of the natural history and industrial applications of the timbers of commerce. LondonE. Arnold1908 url p. 146, p. 345.
• Wu Rong-fen (as Wu Young-fen) in Wu Young-fen & Hwang Shu-mei, eds. 1987. Symplocaceae. Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 60(2): 1-77.
• Wu Rong-fen (as Wu Young-fen) in Wu Young-fen & Hwang Shu-mei, eds. 1987. Symplocaceae. Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 60(2): 1-77.

Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 15, 2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 28, 2007:

• Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden, Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden Virtual Herbarium Darwin Core format
• Herbier de la Guyane, Herbier de la Guyane
• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2669513
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-505413
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13762729
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:827186-1
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 505413
• International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 247960-2
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: SYMA
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 63085

Footnotes

1. Young-fen Wu & Hans P. Nooteboom "Symplocaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 15 Page 235. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. "Symplocos". in Flora of China Vol. 15 Page 235. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
3. Mean = 94.460 meters (309.908 feet), Standard Deviation = 298.650 based on 28 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.