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Stachys sylvatica

(Hedge Woundwort)

Interesting Facts

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Common Names

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Common Names in English:

Hedge Woundwort, Hegde Woundwort, Whitespot

Description

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Genus Stachys

Herbs erect perennials or diffuse annuals , rarely subshrubs or shrubs , sometimes rhizomatous . Verticillasters 2- to many flowered, in terminal spikes. Pedicel short or obsolete . Calyx tubular-campanulate, obconical or tubular , 5- or 10-veined; teeth 5, equal or posterior 3 larger, acute to bristlelike, or spinescent . Corolla red, purple, yellow, gray, or white, 2-lipped; tube cylindric , nearly always villous annulate inside, sometimes saccate , incurved at apex, throat not dilated ; upper lip straight or subpatent; lower lip longer, 3-lobed, middle lobe entire or emarginate , lateral lobes shorter. Stamens 4, reaching upper lip of corolla, anterior 2 longer and curved laterally at corolla throat; anther cells 2, conspicuous , parallel or divergent. Style apex subequally 2-cleft, lobes subulate . Nutlets ovoid to oblong , smooth or tuberculate , apex obtuse to rounded .

About 300 species: Africa, Asia, Europe, North America, South America; 18 species in China.[1]

Physical Description

Species Stachys sylvatica

Herbs perennial . Stems erect or slightly flexuous , 30-120 cm, branched toward apex, hispid , angles glandular puberulent . Petiole slender, 3-6.5 cm; stem leaf blades ovate-cordate, 8-12 × 5-9.5 cm, adaxially shiny, appressed villous-hispid, abaxially gray-green, yellowish glandular, villous-hispid along veins, base cordate, margin coarsely callose crenate-serrate, apex acuminate. Spikes 10-20 cm; verticillasters 6(-8) -flowered, widely spaced; lower floral leaves petiolate , 10-15 × 2-4 mm, margin dentate; upper floral leaves sessile, oblong-lanceolate, slightly longer than verticillasters, margin entire; bracteoles minute or absent. Pedicel ca. 1 mm. Calyx tubular-campanulate, ca. 7 mm, spreading hispid, glandular puberulent, 10-veined, accessory veins inconspicuous; teeth triangular-lanceolate, 2-3 mm, subequal , apex spinescent ; fruiting calyx slightly saccate-dilated. Corolla red to purple, ca. 1.4 cm, sparsely puberulent; tube straight, ± saccate ; upper lip straight, oblong , ca. 5 × 3 mm; lower lip spreading, ca. 7 × 6 mm; middle lobe subcircular, emarginate ; lateral lobes ovate . Filaments villous below middle. Style nearly exserted. Nutlets dark brown, triquetrous , ovoid , glabrous . Fl. Jul-Aug, fr. Aug. [source]

Habit: Forb/herb

Flowers: Bloom Period: June, July, August, September. • Flower Color: near white, pink, purple, white

Size/Age/Growth

Size: 18-24" tall.

Habitat

Coniferous forests , thickets, alpine meadows; 1700 m. [2].

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 2,500 meters (0 to 8,202 feet).[3]

Biology

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Reproduction

Duration: Perennial

Growth

Culture: Space 15-18" apart.

Soil: Minimum pH: 6.1 • Maximum pH: 7.8

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Light Shade.

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b. (map)

Taxonomy

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Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Similar Species

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Members of the genus Stachys

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 80 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

S. affinis (Artichoke Betony) · S. ajugoides (Bugle Hedgenettle) · S. albens (Cobwebby Hedge-Nettle) · S. albicaulis (Oreganillo) · S. albotomentosa (Woundwort) · S. annua (Annual Hedgenettle) · S. arvensis (Staggerweed) · S. aspera (Hyssopleaf Hedgenettle) · S. bergii (His Excellency's Supreme Reflection) · S. bigelovii (Rock Hedgenettle) · S. bullata (California Hedgenettle) · S. byzantina (Lamb's Ears) · S. byzantina 'Big Ears' (Big Ears Lamb's Ears) · S. byzantina 'Countess Helen von Stein' (Countess Helen Von Stein Lamb's Ears) · S. byzantina 'Helene von Stein' (Big Ears) · S. byzantina 'Helen Von Stein' (Lambs Ear) · S. byzantina 'Primrose Heron' (Lambs Ear) · S. byzantina 'Silver Carpet' (Lambs Ear) · S. chamissonis (Coastal Hedgenettle) · S. chamissonis Benth. var. cooleyae (Heller) G.Mulligan & D.Munro (Giant Hedge-Nettle) · S. chamissonis var. chamissonis (Coastal Hedgenettle) · S. chamissonis var. cooleyae (Coastal Hedgenettle) · S. citrina (Ear Yellow-Flowered Lambs) · S. clingmanii (Clingman's Hedge Nettle) · S. coccinea (Betony) · S. coccinea 'Hidalgo' (Scarlet Hedgenettle) · S. coccinea 'Hot Spot Coral' (Betony) · S. coccinea 'Pow Wow' (Betony) · S. crenata (Mouse's-Ear) · S. cretica (Cretan Hedgenettle) · S. densiflora (Common Betony) · S. densiflora 'Alba' (Common Betony) · S. densiflora 'Hummelo' (Common Betony) · S. drummondii (Drummond's Hedgenettle) · S. eplingii (Epling's Hedgenettle) · S. floridana (Florida Betony) · S. germanica (Downy Woundwort) · S. grandidentata (Oreganillo) · S. grandiflora (Big-Sage) · S. hyssopifolia (Hyssopleaf Hedgenettle) · S. hyssopifolia var. hyssopifolia (Hyssopleaf Hedgenettle) · S. lanata (Lamb´s Tongue) · S. latidens (Broadtooth Hedgenettle) · S. longispicata (Longspike Hedgenettle) · S. macrantha (Big Betony) · S. macrantha 'Morning Blush' (Betony 'morning Blush') · S. macrantha 'Robusta' (Big Betony) · S. macrantha 'Rosea' (Big Betony) · S. macrantha 'Superba' (Big Betony) · S. mexicana (Mexican Hedgenettle) · S. monieri (Common Betony) · S. monieri'Hummelo' (Hummelo Alpine Betony) · S. monieri 'Saharan Pink' (Betony) · S. nuttallii (Heartleaf Hedgenettle) · S. ocymastrum (Hedgenettle) · S. officinalis (Betony) · S. officinalis 'Alba' (Betony) · S. palustris (Marsh Betony) · S. palustris arenicola var. arenicola (Marsh Woundwort) · S. philippiana (Oreganillo) · S. pilosa (Hairy Hedgenettle) · S. pilosa var. arenicola (Marsh Hedgenettle) · S. pilosa var. pilosa (Hairy Hedgenettle) · S. pycnantha (Shortspike Hedgenettle) · S. recta (Seaport Hedgenettle) · S. recta recta (Seaport Hedgenettle) · S. rigida (Rigid Hedgenettle) · S. rigida Nutt. ex Benth. var. rigida Nutt. ex Benth. (Rigid Hedgenettle) · S. rigida var. quercetorum (Rough Hedgenettle) · S. rigida var. rigida (Rough Hedgenettle) · S. rothrockii (Rothrock's Hedge-Nettle) · S. stebbinsii (Stebbins' Hedgenettle) · S. stricta (Sonoma Hedgenettle) · S. strictiflora (Stachys) · S. sylvatica (Hedge Woundwort) · S. tenuifolia (Slender Betony) · S. tenuifolia var. tenuifolia (Smooth Hedgenettle) · S. tenuifolia var. tenuifolia Willd. (Slender Betony) · S. 'Sentimental Journey' (Sentimental Journey Betony) · S. 'Wave Hill' (Lamb's Ear)

More Info

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Further Reading

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Notes

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Contributors

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 18, 2007:

Identifiers

Footnotes

  1. "Stachys". in Flora of China Vol. 17 Page 178. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
  2. "Stachys sylvatica". in Flora of China Vol. 17 Page 179. Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
  3. Mean = 150.230 meters (492.881 feet), Standard Deviation = 230.140 based on 20,000 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]
Last Revised: 7/15/2012