Spondias dulcis (Ambarella, Caja-Manga, Golden Apple, Jewish Plum, June Plum, Li Tree, Otaheite Apple, Otaheite-Apple, Wi-Tree)

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Common Names in Burmese:

Gway

Common Names in Danish:

Sød Mombinblomme, Soed Mombinblomme

Common Names in English:

Ambarella, Caja-Manga, Dwarf Ambarella, Golden Apple, Golden-Apple, Great Hog Plum, Hog Plum, Jew Plum, Jew-Plum, Jewish Plum, June Plum, Li Tree, Makopa, Oatahette Apple, Otaheite Apple, Otaheite-Apple, Polynesian Plum, Polynesian-Plum, Tahitian Quince, Wi-Tree, Yellow Plum, Yellow-Plum

Common Names in Finnish:

Otaheite-Omena

Common Names in French:

Casamangue, Pomme Cythère, Pomme De Cythère, Pommier De Cythère, Prune Cythère, Prune De Cythère, Prunier D´amérique, Prunier De Cythère

Common Names in German:

Goldpflaume, Süsse Mombinpflaume, Suesse Mombinpflaume, Tahiti-Apfel, Tahitiapfel

Common Names in Italian:

Ambarella

Common Names in Japanese:

Tamagonoki

Common Names in Khmer:

Mokak

Common Names in Laotian:

Kook Hvaan

Common Names in Malay:

Kedongdong, Kedongdong Manis (Indonesia)

Common Names in Spanish:

Ambarella, Hobo De Racimos (Colombia), Jobo De La India, Juplón (Costa Rica), Manzana De Oro (Peru), Spondias Dorata

Common Names in Swedish:

Cytheraaepple, Guldplommon, Soett Balsamplommon, Tahitiaepple

Common Names in Tagalog:

Hevi

Common Names in Thai:

Má Kok Wan (As S Cytherea), Makok, Makok Farang

Common Names in Vietnamese:

Cóc

Description

[ Back to top ]

Physical Description

Species Spondias dulcis

Tree 18m tall, 40cm dbh. BARK : smooth , grey with faint vertical lines , slight horizontal ridges c.20cm long and eye-shaped scars at old nodes. SLASH: soft, brittle, fibrous , chunky, thin, pale pink-brown with red fire lines, sapwood yellow. LEAVES: US midrib , secondary and marginal nerves slightly prominant; LS secondary and marginal nerves slightly raised, tertiary nerves obscure ; teeth glandular .

Habit: Tree

Flowers: Bloom Period: blooms repeatedly • Flower Color: inconspicuous, near white, none, white

Biology

[ Back to top ]

Reproduction

Duration: Perennial

Growth

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full Sun .

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 9b, 10a, 10b, 11. (map)

Taxonomy

[ Back to top ]

Domain: Eukaryota () - Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- Kingdom: Plantae () - Haeckel, 1866 - Plants
  - Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae () - Cavalier-Smith, 1981
    - Phylum: Magnoliophyta () - Sinnott, 1935 Ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - Flowering Plants
      - Subphylum: Euphyllophytina ()
        Infraphylum: Radiatopses () - Kenrick & Crane, 1997
        Class: Magnoliopsida () - Brongniart, 1843 - Dicotyledons
        Subclass: Rosidae () - Takhtajan, 1967
        Superorder: Rutanae () - Takhtajan, 1967
        Order: Burserales () - Baskerville, 1839
        Family: Anacardiaceae () - Lindley, 1830
        Subfamily: Spondioideae ()
        Tribe: Spondieae ()
        Genus: Spondias () - Linnaeus, 1753
        Specific epithet: dulcis - G.Forst.
        Botanical name: - Spondias dulcis Sol. ex Parkinson

Unambiguous Synonyms

Evia dulcis (Parkinson) Kosterm.
Spondias cythera Sonner.
Spondias cytherea Sonnerat
Spondias dulcis Parkinson

Notes

Publishing author : Tussac Publication : Fl. Antill. iii. t. 28

Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Place of publication: J. voy. South Seas 39. 1773

Name verified on 28-Oct-1996 by ARS Systematic Botanists. Last updated: 28-Oct-1996

Similar Species

[ Back to top ]

Members of the genus Spondias

There are approximately 88 species in this genus:

S. acida · S. acuminata · S. amara · S. angolensis · S. aurantiaca · S. axillaris · S. bipinnata · S. birrea · S. bivenomarginalis · S. borbonica · S. brasiliensis · S. brunea · S. chakoua · S. chinensis · S. cirouella · S. crispula · S. cyatherea · S. dubia · S. dulcis (Ambarella) · S. dulcis var. mucroniserrata · S. edmonstonei · S. elliptica · S. falcata · S. fragrans · S. glabra · S. graveolens · S. guianensis · S. haplophylla · S. indica (Mango) · S. jocote-amarillo · S. klaineana · S. lakonensis · S. lakonensis var. hirsutus · S. laxiflora · S. longifolia · S. lucida · S. lutea var. glabra · S. lutea var. maxima · S. macrocarpa (Cajo-Redondo) · S. macrophylla · S. malayana · S. mangifera · S. maxima · S. mexicana · S. microcarpa · S. mombin (Hogplum) · S. mombini · S. mombiu · S. monbin · S. moubin · S. myrobalanus · S. negrosensis · S. nigrescens · S. novoguineensis · S. oghigee · S. paniculata · S. parviflora · S. petelotii · S. philippinensis · S. pinnata · S. pleiogyna · S. pseudo-myrobalanus · S. pubescens · S. purpurea (Ciruela) · S. purpurea var. venulosa · S. radlkoferi · S. robe · S. rohe · S. romblonensis · S. rugosa · S. simplicifolia · S. sinensis · S. solandri · S. soyauxii · S. surinamensis · S. terebinthinaceus · S. testudinas · S. testudinis · S. therebintoides · S. tonkinensis · S. tuberosa (Imbu) · S. venosa · S. venulosa · S. viridiflora · S. wirtgenii · S. × robe · S. xerophila · S. zanzee

Bibliography

[ Back to top ]

Backer, C. A. & R. C. Bakhuizen van den Brink, Jr. 1963–1968. Flora of Java. (F Java)
Dassanayake, M. D. & F. R. Fosberg, eds. 1980–. A revised handbook to the flora of Ceylon. (F Ceylon)
Encke, F. et al. 1984. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 13. Auflage. (Zander ed13)
Erhardt, W. et al. 2000. Zander: Handwörterbuch der Pflanzennamen, 16. Auflage. (Zander ed16) [= S. cytherea Sonn.].
Fosberg, F. R. et al. 1979–1982. Geographical checklist of the Micronesian Dicotyledonae/ Pteridophyta and Gymnospermae. (L Micrones)
Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium. 1976. Hortus third. (Hortus 3)
Markle, G. M. et al., eds. 1998. Food and feed crops of the United States, ed. 2. (Food Feed Crops US)
Rehm, S. & G. Espig. 1991. The cultivated plants of the tropics and subtropics. (CultTropS)
Rehm, S. 1994. Multilingual dictionary of agronomic plants. (Dict Rehm)
Royen, P. van et al. 1964–1970. Manual of the forest trees of Papua and New Guinea. (Trees NGuin)
Steenis, C. G. G. J. van, ed. 1948–. Flora malesiana. (F Males)

More Info

[ Back to top ]

Search for Pictures: images.google.com
Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books

Notes

[ Back to top ]

Contributors

Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2007. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Accessed March 25, 2007.
Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed March 31, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 4 providers.
MBLWHOI Library: Universal Biological Index and Organizer. uBio.org accessed July 17, 2008.
The International Plant Names Index. Accessed Jan 19, 2007.
USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (May 01, 2008)

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 30, 2007:

Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden, Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden Virtual Herbarium Darwin Core format
Herbier de la Guyane, Herbier de la Guyane
Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad
, Biodiversidad de Costa Rica
Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden

Identifiers

Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2663354
Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-182142
Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13729185
Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:71455-1
GRIN Nomen Number: 35331

Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 182142
International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 71455-1
U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: SPCY2
Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 64107