Interesting Facts
Description
Family Commelinaceae
Herbs annual
or perennial
, sometimes woody at base
. Stems with prominent
nodes and internodes. Leaves alternate, distichous or spirally arranged
, sessile or petiolate
; leaf sheath
prominent, open or closed
; leaf blade simple
, entire. Inflorescence usually of cincinni in panicles or solitary, sometimes shortened into heads
, sometimes sessile with flowers fascicled, sometimes axillary
and penetrating enveloping leaf sheath, rarely flowers solitary and terminal
or axillary. Flowers bisexual
, rarely unisexual
, actinomorphic
or zygomorphic. Sepals 3, free
or connate
only at base, often boat-shaped
or carinate
, sometimes galeate
at apex. Petals (2 or) 3, free, sometimes connate and tubular
at middle
and free at 2 ends ( Cyanotis), sometimes clawed. Stamens 6, free, all or only 2 or 3 fertile
; filaments
glabrous
or torulose
villous
; anthers
parallel or slightly divergent, longitudinally dehiscent
, rarely dehiscent by apical pores
; staminodes 1--3; antherodes 4-lobed and butterflylike, 3-sect, 2-lobed and dumbbell-shaped, or entire. Ovary 3-loculed, or reduced to 2-loculed; ovules 1 to several per locule, orthotropous
. Fruit a loculicidal, 2- or 3-valved capsule, rarely baccate
and indehiscent. Seeds few, large; endosperm copious
; hilum
orbicular
or linear
.
About 40 genera and 650 species: mainly in tropical regions
, fewer species in subtropical
and temperate regions
; 15 genera (two introduced
) and 59 species (12 endemic, three introduced) in China.[1]
Genus Spatholirion
Herbs perennial
, climbing
or suberect. Rhizomes absent. Lateral
branches penetrating leaf sheaths
. Leaves alternate. Inflorescence borne opposite leaf and exserted from mouth
of leaf sheath, but not penetrating sheath, a long pedunculate
panicle of numerous
cincinni; basal cincinnus with a leaflike involucral bract
at base
, with bisexual
flowers, others without involucral bracts, with only male flowers. Flowers actinomorphic
. Sepals free
, boat-shaped
, herbaceous, galeate
at apex. Petals free, purple or white, broadly linear
or oblanceolate
. Stamens 6, all fertile
, equal; filaments
lanate
; anther
locules parallel, ellipsoid
, longitudinally dehiscent
. Ovary 3-loculed; ovules 8 per locule. Capsule 3-valved, ovoid
, trigonous
; seeds 4--8 per valve
, polygonal, reticulate
; hilum
linear.
Three species: China, Thailand, Vietnam; two species in China.
Spatholirion differs from Streptolirion mainly in having involucral bracts on only the basal cincinnus of the panicles, not all nodes of the lateral branches bearing an inflorescence, and an ovary containing 4--8 ovules per locule.[2]
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
)
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
)
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
)
- Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
)
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
)
- Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
(
)
- Brongniart, 1843
- Dicotyledons
- Subclass:
Commelinidae
(
)
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder:
Commelinanae
(
)
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Order:
Commelinales
(
)
- Dumortier, 1829
- Family:
Commelinaceae
(
)
- Mirb., 1804, nom. cons.
- Spiderwort Family
- Subfamily:
Commelinoideae
(
)
- Tribe:
Tradescantieae
(
)
- Subtribe:
Streptoliriinae
(
)
- Genus:
Spatholirion
(
)
- Ridley, 1896
- Specific epithet:
longifolium
- Dunn
- Botanical name: - Spatholirion longifolium Dunn
- Specific epithet:
longifolium
- Dunn
- Genus:
Spatholirion
(
- Subtribe:
Streptoliriinae
(
- Tribe:
Tradescantieae
(
- Subfamily:
Commelinoideae
(
- Family:
Commelinaceae
(
- Order:
Commelinales
(
- Superorder:
Commelinanae
(
- Subclass:
Commelinidae
(
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
(
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Notes
Publishing author
: Dunn Publication
: Bull
. Misc. Inform. Kew 1911,
162.
Name
Status: Accepted Name
.
Last scrutiny: 21-Jun-2005
Similar Species
Members of the genus Spatholirion
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 0 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:
More Info
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Further Reading
- Hong Deyuan. 1997. Commelinaceae. In: Wu Kuo-fang, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 13(3) : 69--133.
Notes
Contributors
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 16, 2012.
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 5957052
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Kew-266206
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:173089-1
- International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 173089-1
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 1238259
Footnotes
- Deyuan Hong & Robert A. DeFilipps "Commelinaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 24 Page 19. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
- "Spatholirion". in Flora of China Vol. 24 Page 20. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
