Common Names
Common Names in English:
African Hemp, Cape Stock-Rose, House Lime
Description
Family Tiliaceae
Trees
, shrubs
, or herbs. Leaves simple
, alternate or rarely opposite, basally veined, entire
or serrate, sometimes lobed
; stipule, when present, caducous
or persistent
. Inflorescences cymose
or cymose-paniculate. Flowers bisexual
or unisexual
(plants
dioecious), actinomorphic
. Bracts caducous or sometimes large and persistent. Sepals (4 or) 5, free
or sometimes basally connate
, valvate
. Petals as many as sepals, sometimes absent, free, usually glandular
on adaxial
surface. Androgynophore
present or absent. Stamens numerous
, rarely 5, free or connate into fascicles at base
; anthers
2-loculed, dehiscence longitudinal
or apical; petaloid
staminodes alternating with petals or absent. Ovary superior, 2-6-loculed, sometimes more; ovules 1 to many per locule; placentation axile
; style
simple, sometimes free; stigma acute or peltate, usually lobed. Fruit usually a drupe, capsule, or schizocarp, sometimes a berry or samara, 2-10-loculed. Seeds without aril; endosperm copious
; embryo erect
; cotyledons flat.
About 52 genera and ca.
500 species: primarily in tropical
and subtropical
areas; 11 genera and 70 species (32 endemic) in China.
Molecular data have shown that the members
of the Tiliaceae as here defined fall
clearly into four clades that can either be treated as subfamilies within an enlarged Malvaceae or as families in their own right
. In this view
the Tiliaceae/Tilioideae is restricted
to Tilia and Craigia, along with the Central American Mortoniodendron Standley & Steyermark; Colona, Corchorus, Grewia, Microcos, and Triumfetta are placed in the Sparrmanniaceae/Grewioideae; Berrya and Diplodiscus are placed in the Brownlowiaceae/Brownlowioideae; and Burretiodendron and Excentrodendron form a basal group of uncertain placement, possibly most closely allied to the Pentapetaceae/Dombeyoideae which includes mostly genera here placed in the Sterculiaceae.
Plagiopteron Griffith, included
in the Tiliaceae in FRPS (49(1) : 48-50. 1989), is now regarded as either a member of the Celastraceae or a separate family
, Plagiopteraceae (see Fl.
China 11) .[1]
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
()
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
()
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
()
- Sinnott, 1935 Ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
()
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
()
- Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
()
- Brongniart, 1843
- Dicotyledons
- Subclass:
Dilleniidae
()
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder:
Malvanae
()
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Order:
Malvales
()
- Dumortier, 1829
- Family:
Tiliaceae
()
- Adans., 1763, Nom. Cons.
- Linden Family
- Genus:
Sparrmannia
()
- Specific epithet:
africana
- Cultivar:
Variegata
- Botanical name: - Sparrmannia africana 'Variegata'
- Cultivar:
Variegata
- Specific epithet:
africana
- Genus:
Sparrmannia
(
- Family:
Tiliaceae
(
- Order:
Malvales
(
- Superorder:
Malvanae
(
- Subclass:
Dilleniidae
(
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
(
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Notes
An accepted name in the RHS Horticultural Database.
Similar Species
Members of the genus Sparrmannia
There are approximately 14 species in this genus:
S. africana (Cape Stock-Rose) · S. africana 'Flore Pleno' (Cape Stock-Rose) · S. africana 'Nana' (Cape Stock-Rose) · S. africana 'Variegata' (Cape Stock-Rose) · S. boschimana · S. capicola · S. discolor · S. distincta · S. gonaqua · S. namaqua · S. palmata · S. prieska · S. ricinocarpa · S. vertumnus
More Info
- Search for Pictures: images.google.com
- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
- Chang Hung-ta & Miau Ru-huai. 1989. Tiliaceae. In: Chang Hung-ta, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 49(1): 47-123.
Notes
Identifiers
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 986698
Footnotes
- Ya Tang, Michael G. Gilbert & Laurence J. Dorr "Tiliaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 12 Page 240,264, 281. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
