Sorbus scopulina

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Description

Family Rosaceae

Trees , shrubs , or herbs, deciduous or evergreen . Stems erect , scandent , arching , prostrate , or creeping , armed or unarmed . Buds usually with several exposed scales , sometimes with only 2. Leaves alternate, rarely opposite, simple or compound ; stipules paired , free or adnate to petiole , rarely absent, persistent or deciduous; petiole usually 2-glandular apically; leaf blade often serrate at margin , rarely entire. Inflorescences various, from single flowers to umbellate , corymbose , racemose or cymose-paniculate. Flowers usually actinomorphic , bisexual , rarely unisexual and then plants dioecious. Hypanthium (formed from basal parts of sepals, petals, and stamens) free from or adnate to ovary, short or elongate . Sepals usually 5, rarely fewer or more, imbricate; epicalyx segments sometimes also present. Petals as many as sepals, inserted below margin of disk, free, imbricate, sometimes absent. Disk lining hypanthium, usually entire, rarely lobed . Stamens usually numerous , rarely few, always in a complete ring at margin of or above disk; filaments usually free, very rarely connate ; anthers small, didymous , rarely elongate, 2-locular. Carpels 1 to many, free, or ± connate and then adnate to inner surface of cupular receptacle; ovary inferior, semi-inferior, or superior; ovules usually 2 in each carpel, rarely 1 or several, anatropous , superposed . Styles as many as carpels, terminal , lateral , or basal, free or sometimes connate. Fruit a follicle, pome, achene, or drupe, rarely a capsule, naked or enclosed in persistent hypanthium and sometimes also by sepals. Seeds erect or pendulous, sometimes winged , usually exalbuminous , very rarely with thin endosperm; cotyledons mostly fleshy and convex abaxially, rarely folded or convolute.

Between 95 and 125 genera and 2825-3500 species: cosmopolitan , mostly in N temperate zone; 55 genera (two endemic) and 950 species (546 endemic) in China.

Many plants of this family are of economic importance and contribute to people s livelihoods. The Rosaceae contain a great number of fruit trees of temperate regions . The fruits contain vitamins, acids, and sugars and can be used both raw and for making preserves, jam, jelly, candy, various drinks, wine, vinegar, etc. The dried fruits of the genera

Amygdalus and Armeniaca are of high commercial value. Some plants in the genus Rosa containing essential oils or with a high vitamin content are used in industry . Rosaceae wood is used for making various articles, stems and roots are used for making tannin extract, and young leaves are used as a substitute for tea. Numerous species are used for medical purposes or are cultivated as ornamentals .

The Rosaceae are very well represented in China, with great economic and scientific importance. The Co-chairs of the Editorial Committee (Wu and Raven) here note that the patterns of relationship are complex and the group is taxonomically difficult. [1]

Genus Sorbus

Trees or shrubs , usually deciduous. Winter buds usually rather large, ovoid , conical , or spindle-shaped , sometimes viscid ; scales imbricate, several, glabrous or pubescent . Leaves alternate, membranous or herbaceous; stipules caducous , simple or pinnately compound , plicate or rarely convolute in bud; leaf blade usually serrate, sometimes nearly entire, venation craspedodromous or camptodromous , glabrous or pubescent. Inflorescences compound , rarely simple corymbs or panicles. Hypanthium campanulate , rarely obconical or urceolate . Sepals 5, ovate or triangular, glabrous, pubescent, or tomentose , sometimes glandular along margin . Petals 5, glabrous or pubescent, base clawed or not. Stamens 15-25(-44) in 2 or 3 whorls, unequal in length ; anthers ovoid or subglobose. Carpels 2-5, partly or wholly adnate to hypanthium; ovary semi-inferior to inferior, 2-5-(-7) loculed, with 2 or 3(or 4) ovules per locule, one usually abortive ; styles 2-5, free or partially connate , glabrous or pubescent. Fruit a pome, white, yellow, pink, or brown to orange or red, ovoid or globose to ellipsoid or oblong , usually small, glabrous or pubescent, laevigate or with small lenticels , apically with sepals persistent or caducous leaving an annular scar , with 2-5(-7) locules, each with 1 or 2 exendospermous seeds; seeds several, with thin perisperm and endosperm enclosing embryo with compressed cotyledons.Trees or shrubs, usually deciduous. Winter buds usually rather large, ovoid, conical, or spindle-shaped, sometimes viscid; scales imbricate, several, glabrous or pubescent. Leaves alternate, membranous or herbaceous; stipules caducous, simple or pinnately compound, plicate or rarely convolute in bud; leaf blade usually serrate, sometimes nearly entire, venation craspedodromous or camptodromous, glabrous or pubescent. Inflorescences compound, rarely simple corymbs or panicles. Hypanthium campanulate, rarely obconical or urceolate. Sepals 5, ovate or triangular, glabrous, pubescent, or tomentose, sometimes glandular along margin. Petals 5, glabrous or pubescent, base clawed or not. Stamens 15-25(-44) in 2 or 3 whorls, unequal in length; anthers ovoid or subglobose. Carpels 2-5, partly or wholly adnate to hypanthium; ovary semi-inferior to inferior, 2-5-(-7) loculed, with 2 or 3(or 4) ovules per locule, one usually abortive; styles 2-5, free or partially connate, glabrous or pubescent. Fruit a pome, white, yellow, pink, or brown to orange or red, ovoid or globose to ellipsoid or oblong, usually small, glabrous or pubescent, laevigate or with small lenticels, apically with sepals persistent or caducous leaving an annular scar, with 2-5(-7) locules, each with 1 or 2 exendospermous seeds; seeds several, with thin perisperm and endosperm enclosing embryo with compressed cotyledons.

About 100 species: widely distributed throughout temperate regions of Asia, Europe, and North America; 67 species (43 endemic) in China.

Sorbus species are ornamental plants with attractive, large clusters of white flowers, and most bear colorful fruits. The fruits can be used for making jam, marmalade, various drinks, wine, vinegar, etc. The wood is hard, heavy, and fine-grained, suitable for making furniture or small, carved articles.[2]

Physical Description

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Perennial

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Pyrus scopulina (Greene) Longyear • Sorbus angustifolia Rydb. • Sorbus sambucifolia Rydb. • Sorbus sitchensis var. densa Jeps.

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Similar Species

Members of the genus Sorbus

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 50 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

S. alnifolia (Korean Mountain Ash) · S. americana (American Mountain Ash) · S. aria (Chess-Apple) · S. aria 'Lutescens' (Whitebeam) · S. arnoldiana (Sorbus) · S. aucuparia (European Mountain Ash) · S. aucuparia x intermedia (European Mountain-Ash) · S. aucuparia 'Asplenifolia' (European Mountain Ash) · S. aucuparia 'Fastigiata' (European Mountain Ash) · S. aucuparia 'Michred' (Cardinal Royal Mountain Ash) · S. aucuparia 'Pendula' (European Mountain Ash) · S. austriaca (Austrian Mountain Ash) · S. californica (California Mountain Ash) · S. cashmiriana (Kashmir Rowan) · S. commixta (Japanese Mountain Ash) · S. decora (Northern Mountain Ash) · S. discolor (Chinese Scarlet Rowan) · S. domestica (Jerusalem Pear) · S. dumosa (Arizona Mountain Ash) · S. groenlandica (Greenland Mountain Ash) · S. hibernica (Irish Whitebeam) · S. hupehensis (Chinese Mountain Ash) · S. hupehensis coral (Coral Fire Mountain Ash) · S. hupehensis 'Coral Fire' (Chinese Mountain Ash) · S. hupehensis 'Pink Pagoda' (Chinese Mountain Ash) · S. hybrida (Oakleaf Mountain Ash) · S. intermedia (Swedish Whitebeam) · S. latifolia (French Hales) · S. leighensis (Leigh Woods Whitebeam) · S. leyana (Ley's Whitebeam) · S. pohuashanensis (Mountain Ash) · S. prattii (Mountain Ash) · S. pseudofennica (Arran Service Tree) · S. reducta (Chinese Dwarf Mountain Ash) · S. rehderiana (Mountain Ash) · S. rufoferruginea 'Longwood Sunset' (Mountain Ash) · S. sambucifolia (Siberian Mountain Ash) · S. scopulina (Cascade Mountain-Ash) · S. sitchensis (Sitka Mountain-Ash) · S. thuringiaca (Mountainash) · S. torminalis (Checkertree) · S. × avonensis (Avon Gorge Whitebeam) · S. × houstoniae (Houston's Whitebeam) · S. x kewensis (Mountain Ash) · S. × proctoris (Proctor's Rowan) · S. × robertsonii (Robertson's Whitebeam) · S. x thuringiaca (Oakleaf Mountain Ash) · S. x thuringiaca 'Fastigiata' (Oakleaf Mountain Ash) · S. 'Ghose' (Naga Mountain Ash) · S. 'Joseph Rock' (Joseph Rock Mountain Ash)

More Info

• Search for Pictures: images.google.com
• Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
• Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
• Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books

Further Reading

• American species of Amelanchier, Urbana, The University of Illinois press, 1946. url p. 125, p. 126, p. 73.
• An illustrated flora of the northern United States, Canada and the British possessions: from Newfoundland to the parallel of the southern boundary of Virginia and from the Atlantic Ocean westward to the 102nd meridian / by Nathaniel Lord Britton and Hon. Addison Brown. New York: Scribner, 1913. url p. 287.
• Annotated list of the ferns and flowering plants of New York state, by Homer D. House. Albany, The University of the state of New York, 1924. url p. 409.
• Bartonia;proceedings of the Philadelphia botanical club. .. 62 2004 Philadelphia, Philadelphia Botanical Club, Academy of Natural Sciences. url p. 87.
• Botanical Museum leaflets, Harvard University. 27 1979 Cambridge, Mass.: Botanical Museum, Harvard University, 1932- url p. 290, p. 303.
• Brigham Young University science bulletin. Provo, Utah: Brigham Young University, [1955-1976] url p. 21, figs. 51-54, page 25, p. 27, p. 30, p. 31, p. 32.
• Britton, N. L. (ed.). North American flora. 7 1912 [New York]New York Botanical Garden. url p. 191, p. 198, p. 200, p. 742, p. 825.
• Brooklyn Botanic Garden record. 19 1930 [Brooklyn]: Brooklyn Botanic Garden, 1912-44. url p. 9.
• Budd's flora of the Canadian Prairie Provinces / [Ottawa]: Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, 1987. url p. 461.
• Bulletin / Ohio Biological Survey. Columbus, Ohio: Ohio State University, 1913- url p. 186.
• Bulletin of the New York Botanical Garden. 7 1909-1911 Lancaster, Pa.: Published for the Garden by the New Era Printing Co., url p. 439, p. 445.
• Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club. 46 1919 New York: Torrey Botanical Club, 1870-1996 url p. 312, p. 433, p. 435, p. 445, p. 578.
• Canada's missing dimension: science and history in the Canadian Arctic Islands / Ottawa: Canadian Museum of Nature, 1990. url p. 427.
• Catalog of Ohio vascular plants, arranged according to the phyletic classification; with notes on the geographical distribution in the state, based mainly on specimens in the State Herbarium, Botanical Laboratory, the Ohio State Univ Columbus, The Ohio State University, 1914. url .
• Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 13 1909-1912 Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1890- url p. 169, p. 192, p. 284, p. 30, p. 324.
• Field manual of trees; including southern Canada and the northern United States to the southern boundary of Virginia, Kentucky and Missouri, westward to the limits of the prairie, by John H. Schaffner. Columbus, Ohio, R. G. Adams, 1922. url p. 60.
• Fishery circular / U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Fisheries. [Washington]: The Bureau, 1931-1939. url p. 55.
• Flora of Berkshire County, Massachusetts. Boston, Printed for the Society, 1922. url , p. 285.
• Flora of Colorado, by P. A. Rydberg, PH. D. Fort Collins, Col., Experiment Station, 1906. url p. 193.
• Flora of Colorado, by P.A. Rydberg. Fort Collins, Col., Experiment Station, 1906. url p. 193, p. 193.
• Flora of Indiana, by Charles C. Deam. Indianapolis, Wm. B. Burford printing co., contractor for state printing and binding, 1940. url p. 1059.
• Flora of New Mexico / by E.O. Wooton and Paul C. Standley. Washington: G.P.O., 1915. url p. 324.
• Flora of New Mexico. By E.O. Wooton and Paul C. Standley. WashingtonGovt. Print. Off.1915 url p. 324.
• Flora of Vermont. List of ferns and seed plants growing without cultivation. Prepared by Vermont Botanical Club. Burlington, Vt., Free Press Print. Co., 1915. url p. 215.
• Flora of the Queen Charlotte Islands. [Ottawa: Queen's Printer], 1968-. url p. 414.
• Flora of the Rocky Mountains and adjacent plains, Colorado, Utah, Wyoming, Idaho, Montana, Saskatchewan, Alberta, and neighboring parts of Nebraska, South Dakota, North Dakota, and British Columbia / by P.A. Rydberg. New York: The author, 1922. url p. 448.
• Forest distribution in the northern Rocky Mountains, Missoula, Mont., State University, 1922. url .
• Great Basin naturalist memoirs. 1987 [Provo, Utah]Brigham Young University, 1976-1992. url p. 543.
• Journal of ethnobiology. 12-13 1992-1993 Flagstaff, Ariz.: Center for Western Studies, 1981- url p. 186, p. 186, p. 190, p. 75, p. 84.
• Key to important woody plants of eastern Oregon and Washington, by Doris W. Hayes and George A. Garrison. Washington, U.S. Govt. Print. Off., 1960. url p. 135, p. 212, p. 214, p. 220, p. 225, p. 84.
• Key to the Rocky Mountain flora. Colorado, Utah, Wyoming, Idaho, Montana, Saskatchewan, Alberta, and parts of Nebraska, South Dakota, North Dakota, and British Columbia. New York, [c1919] url .
• Key to the Rocky Mountain flora; Colorado, Utah, Wyoming, Idaho, Montana, Saskatchewan, Alberta, and parts of Nebraska, South Dakota, North Dakota, and British Columbia. New York, 1919. url p. 128.
• Manual of the flora of the northern states and Canada / by Nathaniel Lord Britton. New York: Holt, 1905. url p. 515.
• Manual of the trees of North America (exclusive of Mexico) by Charles Sprague Sargent, with seven hundred and eighty-three illustrations from drawings by Charles Edward Faxon and Mary W. Gill. Boston and New York, Houghton Mifflin company, 1922. url p. 391, p. 391, p. 909, p. 909.
• Muhlenbergia. Chico, Calif. [etc] url p. 167.
• National list of scientific plant names. [Washington, D.C.]: U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service, 1982- url p. 391.
• Native woody plants of the United States, their erosion-control and wildlife values. Washington, U. S. Govt. print. off., 1938. url , p. 264.
• New manual of botany of the central Rocky mountains (vascular plants) Cincinnati [etc.]American Book Company[c1909] url .
• North American fauna. Washington: Fish and Wildlife Service; for sale by the Supt. of Docs., U. S. Govt. Print. Off. url p. 49, p. 63, p. 71, p. 93, p. 98.
• Phytologia. Bronx Park, New York, H.A. Gleason and H.N. Moldenke, url p. 339.
• Pittonia: a series of papers relating to botany and botanists /by Edward L. Greene. 4 1899-1901 Berkeley, Calif. [etc.]: Doxey & Co. [etc.], 1887-1905. url p. 130.
• Publications in botany / Ottawa: The Museum, 1969- url p. 70, p. 72, p. 93.
• Rydberg, P. A. Flora of the Rocky Mountains and adjacent plains, Colorado, Utah, Wyoming, Idaho, Montana, Saskatchewan, Alberta, and neighboring parts of Nebraska, South Dakota, and British Columbia /by P. A. Rydberg... 1917 New York: The author, 1917. url p. 448.
• Sensitive plant surveys in the Big Belt and Elkhorn Mountains, U.S.D.A. Forest Service, Region 1, Helena National Forest, Montana / prepared by Jackie M. Poole and Bonnie L. Heidel; prepared for Helena National Forest. Helena, Mont.: Montana Natural Heritage Program, [1993] url .
• Sensitive plant surveys in the Gallatin National Forest, Montana / prepared by Jim Vanderhorst; prepared for U.S. Forest Service, Gallatin National Forest. Helena, MT: Montana Natural Heritage Program, [1994]. url p. 77.
• Sensitive plant surveys, 1989: U.S. Forest Service, Region 1, Gallatin National Forest / prepared for United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service; prepared by Sarah Y. Mathews. Helena, Mont.: Montana Natural Heritage Program, [1989] url p. 9.
• Syllogeus. Ottawa, National Museum of Natural Sciences, 1972-1995. url p. 103, p. 32.
• The American woods: exhibited by actual specimens and with copious explanatory text / by Romeyn B. Hough. Lowville, N.Y.: Pub., and sections prepared by the author, 1910, c1888 url p. 64.
• The Canadian field-naturalist. Ottawa, Ottawa Field-Naturalists' Club. url p. 126, p. 146, p. 17, p. 192, p. 280, p. 444, p. 58, p. 69, p. 82.
• The Great Basin naturalist. 51 1991 Provo, Utah: M.L. Bean Life Science Museum, Brigham Young University, 1939-1999. url p. 294, butler, page 313, p. 43, p. 44, p. 65.
• The Ohio journal of science. Columbus, Ohio, The Ohio State University and the Ohio Academy of Science url p. 415.
• The Plant world. Baltimore [etc.]Plant World Association [etc.] url p. 182, p. 67.
• The University of Colorado studies. Boulder, University of Colorado. url p. 48, p. 59.
• The University of Missouri studies. [Columbia]: The University, 1905-1918. url p. 173, p. 25, p. 299.
• The first fifty years of the Arnold Arboretum [by] C.S. Sargent. Cambridge, Mass., 1922 url p. 160.
• The flora of Boulder, Colorado, and vicinity, by Francis Potter Daniels. .. [Columbia, Mo.]The University of Missouri, 1911. url p. 25.
• The standard cyclopedia of horticulture; a discussion, for the amateur, and the professional and commercial grower, of the kinds, characteristics and methods of cultivation of the species of plants grown in the regions of the United States a Illustrated with colored plates, four thousand engravings in the text, and ninety-six full-page cuts. New York, Macmillan, 1919 [c1914] url p. 3195.
• Transactions of the Utah Academy of Sciences. [Salt Lake City]: The Academy, 1918-1921. url p. 186.
• Trees and shrubs hardy in the British Isles / by W. J. Bean. London: J. Murray, 1916. url p. 293.
• Trees and shrubs, hardy in the British isles. LondonJ. Murray1914 url p. 293.
• Woody plants of the western national parks; containing keys for the identification of trees and shrubs, by Virginia Long Bailey and Harold Edwards Bailey. Notre Dame, Ind., University Press, 1949. url p. 10, p. 110, p. 12.
• Yü Te-tsun, Lu Ling-ti, Ku Tsue-chih, Li Chao-luan, Kuan Ke-chien & Chiang Wan-fu. 1974, 1985, 1986. Rosaceae. In: Yü Te-tsun, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 36: 1443; 37: 1516; 38: 1133.
• 133.
• 37: 1 
• 38: 1 
• 443
• 516
• Chiang Wan-fu. 1974, 1985, 1986. Rosaceae. In: Yü
• Te-tsun, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 36: 1 
• Te-tsun, Lu Ling-ti, Ku Tsue-chih, Li Chao-luan, Kuan Ke-chien &
• Yü

Notes

Contributors

• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 15, 2012.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed November 21, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 14 providers.
• IOPI Global Plant Checklist 2005.
• IOPI Global Plant Checklist. Release date: August 1, 2007
• IOPI-GPC
• Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.
• USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (May 01, 2008)

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 21, 2007:

• Berkeley Natural History Museums, University and Jepson Herbaria DiGIR provider
• Canadian Museum of Nature, Canadian Museum of Nature Herbarium
• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
• Oregon State University, Vascular Plant Collection
• USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database
• University of Alaska Museum of the North, University of Alaska Museum of the North Herbarium
• University of Washington Burke Museum, Vascular Plant Collection - University of Washington Herbarium
• Utah State University, USU-UTC Specimen Database
• Utah Valley State College
• , Utah Valley State College Herbarium

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2650383
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Ros-6186
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13689519
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:741968-1
• GRIN Nomen Number: 35064
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 25326
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: SOSCS
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 63666

Footnotes

1. Cuizhi Gu, Chaoluan Li, Lingdi Lu, Shunyuan Jiang, Crinan Alexander, Bruce Bartholomew, Anthony R. Brach, David E. Boufford, Hiroshi Ikeda, Hideaki Ohba, Kenneth R. Robertson & Steven A. Spongberg "Rosaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 9 Page 46. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. Lu Ling-ti, Stephen A. Spongberg "Sorbus". in Flora of China Vol. 9 Page 144. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.