Overview
A species with very large flowers measuring 5-6 inches or more across.
Interesting Facts
Common Names
Click on the language to view common names.
Common Names in English:
Butter Cup, Chalice Vine, Cup of Gold Vine, Cup-Of-Gold, Gold Cup, Golden Chalice Vine, Trumpet Plant
Common Names in Spanish:
Copa De Oro, Pera Tetona, Tetona
Description
Family Solanaceae
Herbs, shrubs
, small trees
, or climbers
. Stems sometimes prickly, rarely thorny; hairs
simple
, branched, or stellate
, sometimes glandular
. Leaves alternate, solitary or paired
, simple or pinnately compound
, without stipules; leaf blade
entire, dentate
, lobed
, or divided
. Inflorescences terminal
, overtopped by continuing axes, appearing axillary
, extra-axillary
, or leaf opposed, often apparently umbellate
, racemose, paniculate
, clustered, or solitary flowers, rarely true cymes, sometimes bracteate
. Flowers mostly bisexual
, usually regular, 5-merous, rarely 4- or 6-9-merous. Calyx mostly lobed. Petals united
. Stamens as many as corolla lobes
and alternate with them, inserted
within corolla, all alike or 1 or more reduced; anthers
dehiscing longitudinally or by apical pores
. Ovary 2-5-locular; placentation mostly axile
; ovules usually numerous
. Style 1. Fruiting calyx often becoming enlarged, mostly persistent
. Fruit a berry or capsule. Seeds with copious
endosperm; embryo mostly curved
.
About 95 genera with 2300 species: best represented in western tropical
America, widespread in temperate
and tropical regions
; 20 genera (ten introduced
) and 101 species in China.
Some species of Solanaceae are known in China only by plants
cultivated in ornamental
or specialty gardens: Atropa belladonna Linnaeus, Cyphomandra betacea (Cavanilles) Sendtner, Brugmansia suaveolens (Willdenow) Berchtold & Presl, Nicotiana alata Link & Otto, and Solanum jasminoides Paxton.[1]
Physical Description
Habit: Evergreen .
Flowers: Bloom Period: January, February, September, October, November, December. • Flower Color: goldyellow-orange, yellow
Size/Age/Growth
Size: 30-40' tall.
Biology
Growth
Culture: Space 4-6' apart.
Soil: Minimum pH: 6.1 • Maximum pH: 7.5
Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full Sun .
Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b, 11. (map)
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
()
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
()
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
()
- Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
()
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
()
- Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
()
- Brongniart, 1843
- Dicotyledons
- Subclass:
Asteridae
()
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder:
Solananae
()
- R. Dahlgren Ex Reveal, 1992
- Order:
Solanales
()
- Dumortier, 1829
- Family:
Solanaceae
()
- A.L. de Jussieu, 1789, nom. cons.
- nightshades, solanacées
- Subfamily:
Solanoideae
()
- Tribe:
Solandreae
()
- Genus:
Solandra
()
- O. Swartz, 1787, nom. cons.
- Specific epithet:
maxima
- (Sesse and Mocino) P. Green
- Botanical name: - Solandra maxima (Sesse and Mocino) P. Green
- Specific epithet:
maxima
- (Sesse and Mocino) P. Green
- Genus:
Solandra
(
- Tribe:
Solandreae
(
- Subfamily:
Solanoideae
(
- Family:
Solanaceae
(
- Order:
Solanales
(
- Superorder:
Solananae
(
- Subclass:
Asteridae
(
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
(
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Notes
An accepted name
in the RHS
Horticultural Database.
Place of publication
: Bot. Mag. 176: t. 506. 1967
Name
verified on 01-Feb-2005 by ARS Systematic Botanists. Last
updated: 10-May-2007
Similar Species
Members of the genus Solandra
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 6 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:
S. grandiflora (Chalice Vine) · S. guttata (Chalice Vine) · S. longiflora (Chalice Vine) · S. maxima (Butter Cup) · S. maxima 'Variegata' (Variegated Cup of Gold Vine) · S. nitida (Chalice Vine)
More Info
- Search for Pictures: images.google.com
- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
- George, A. S., ed. 1980–. Flora of Australia, new ed. (F Aust)
- Gomez-Pompa, A. & V. Sosa, eds. 1978–. Flora de Veracruz. (F Veracruz)
- Jorgensen, P. M. & S. León-Yánez, eds. 1999. Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75. (L Ecuador)
- Jorgensen, P. M. and S. Leon (eds.) (1999a): Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador
- Stevens, W. D. et al., eds. 2001. Flora de Nicaragua. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 85(1-3). (F Nicaragua)
- Wagner, W. L. et al. 1990. Manual of the flowering plants of Hawai'i. (F Hawaii)
- Kuang Ko-zen & Lu An-ming, eds. 1978. Solanaceae. Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 67(1): 1-175.
Notes
Contributors
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 15, 2012.
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal March 17, 2008:
- Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum: Bishop Museum Natural History Specimen Data
- Comisión nacional para el conocimiento y uso de la biodiversidad: Herbario del Instituto de Ecología, A.C., México (IE-BAJIO)
- Missouri Botanical Garden
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 3440390
- Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 15864095
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:818078-1
- GRIN Nomen Number: 447773
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 606914
Footnotes
- Zhi-Yun Zhang, Anmin Lu & William G. D'Arcy "Solanaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 17 Page 300. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
