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Scorzonera laciniata

(Cutleaf Vipergrass)

Interesting Facts

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Common Names

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Common Names in English:

Cutleaf Vipergrass

Description

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Family Compositae

The largest family of flowering plants , the Compositae (Asteraceae), comprising about 1,100 genera and more than 20,000 species and characterized by many small flowers arranged in a head looking like a single flower and subtended by an involucre of bracts. A head may consist of both ray flowers and disk flowers, as in the sunflower, of disk flowers only, as in the burdock, or of ray flowers only, as in the dandelion.

Tribe Lactuceae

The Lactuceae are a tribe of closely related genera of the sunflower family that are easily recognized because the flowering heads are composed of wholly of ligulate florets that are usually 5-lobed. Another very distinguishing feature is the milky sap . Although not apparent without magnification, the pollen is distinctive in that the spines are more or less restricted to discrete ridges or flanges on the surface of the grain. In other members of the family the spines are distributed more or less evenly over the surface of the pollen grain . The pappus usually consists of scales or stiff hairs . -- Gerald D. Carr.

Genus Scorzonera

Annuals , biennials, or perennials [subshrubs ], 5-100+ cm; taprooted. Stems 1, erect , branched from bases and/or distally, glabrous or hairy . Leaves basal and cauline; basal sessile or petiolate , distal sessile; blades ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate or linear , margins entire or pinnately lobed to pinnatisect (faces glabrous or ± arachnose [tomentose ]). Heads borne singly or in loose , corymbiform arrays. Peduncles not inflated , sometimes bracteate . Calyculi 0. Involucres ovoid to cylindric , 6-12[-16+] mm diam. (larger in fruit). Phyllaries 18-30+ in 3-5+ series, deltate or ovate to lanceolate or lance-linear (± flat proximally, not enfolding subtended florets ), unequal, margins scarious , apices obtuse to acute. Receptacles flat, pitted , glabrous, epaleate. Florets 30-100+; corollas whitish to yellow or purplish. Cypselae whitish to brownish, narrowly columnar to obclavate or fusiform (sometimes ± stipitate ), not beaked , nerves usually 10, sometimes 0, faces mostly glabrous, sometimes distally villosulous [lanate ]; pappi persistent , of 28-50+, whitish, subequal , plumose to barbellate , subulate to setiform scales in 2-3 series. x = 7.

Species ca. 175: introduced ; Europe, Asia.[1]

Physical Description

Species Scorzonera laciniata

Annuals , biennials, or perennials (monocarpic ). Leaf blades 70-200 × (5-) 20-40 mm, margins of basal usually pinnately lobed , lobes ± linear . Involucres 7-20 × 6-12+ mm. Phyllaries deltate to lanceolate, ± arachnose. Cypselae 8-17 mm (± stipitate ) ; pappi 8-17 mm. 2n = 14. [source]

Habit: Forb/herb

Flowers: Bloom Period: May, June, July.

Habitat

Disturbed sites; 1000-1800 m

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 2,839 meters (0 to 9,314 feet).[2]

Biology

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Reproduction

Duration: Perennial

Taxonomy

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Synonyms

Podospermum laciniatum< /i> (L.) Dc.

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Comment: Data Providers: African Flowering Plants Database , Govaerts World Compositae Checklist A-G, IPNI, Tropicos, Euro+Med, Flora of Tasmania Online. GCC LSID: urn :lsid:compositae.org:names:6E7CFA19-D61E-40F0-8144-0D5582B397DD

Last scrutiny: 21-Aug-09

Similar Species

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Members of the genus Scorzonera

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 12 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

S. hispanica (Black Oyster Plant) · S. hispanica 'Belstar' (Black Salsify) · S. hispanica 'Blackrooted Duplex' (Black Salsify) · S. hispanica 'Einjahrige' (Black Salsify) · S. hispanica 'Noir De Russie' (Black Salsify) · S. hispanica 'Vrn Maxima' (Black Salsify) · S. hispanica 'Vrn Westlandia' (Black Salsify) · S. humilis (Dwarf Viper´s Grass) · S. laciniata (Cutleaf Vipergrass) · S. manshurica (Manshurian Viper´s Grass) · S. mongolica (Mongolian Viper´s Grass) · S. sinensis (Chinese Viper´s Grass)

More Info

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Further Reading

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Notes

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Contributors

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 28, 2007:

Identifiers

Footnotes

  1. John L. Strother "Scorzonera". in Flora of North America Vol. 19, 20 and 21 Page 218, 306. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
  2. Mean = 600.520 meters (1,970.210 feet), Standard Deviation = 736.730 based on 808 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]
Last Revised: 7/15/2012