Scilla bifolia

• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Genus Scilla

Herbs, perennial , scapose , from bulbs. Bulbs perennial, ovoid to globose , composed of free scales , progressively renewed annually. Leaves few, basal. Inflorescences racemose or cymose , 1-many-flowered, sometimes bracteate ; bracts none or 1, subtending each flower. Flowers: perianth usually blue or purple, rarely white; tepals distinct to base , each 1-veined; stamens 6; filaments inserted at base of perianth, distinct; anthers dorsifixed , introrse ; pistil 1, 3-carpellate; ovary superior, 3-locular, septal nectaries present, ovules 1-10 per locule; style simple . Fruits capsular , 3-lobed, subglobose, dehiscence loculicidal. Seeds 3-30, not winged , globose to ellipsoid , elaiosomes present. x = 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12.

Species ca. 50: introduced ; Eurasia , especially Mediterranean area and sw Asia; s Africa.

A number of species of Scilla are commonly grown for their early, showy spring flowers, and present the possibility of becoming naturalized . In particular, S. bifolia Linnaeus, two-leaved squill, has been reported in Michigan (E. G. Voss 1972-1985, vol. 1) and northwestern Indiana (F. Swink and G. S. Wilhelm 1994). The summer-flowering hyacinth squill, S. hyacinthoides Linnaeus [Nectaroscilla hyacinthoides (Linnaeus) Parlatore], has been collected along roadsides near Mooringsport, Louisiana, and in Navarro County, Texas; it is readily distinguished from the spring-flowering species by its tall scapes (30-80 cm) with more than 40 flowers, and its more numerous leaves (8-10).

F. Speta (1998, 1998b) drastically split Scilla, placing the Eurasian members into 10-12 mostly small genera on the basis of molecular (M. Pfosser and F. Speta 1999) and karyological (J. Greilhuber 1982; J. Greilhuber et al. 1981; F. Speta 1979) studies, as well as morphological data. Some of these segregate genera correspond to subgenera and sections recognized in other Eurasian treatments over the past 75 years (e.g. , P. Chouard 1930; J. McNeill 1980; E. V. Mordak 1984), but others represent even finer splitting .[1]

Physical Description

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 1,135 meters (0 to 3,724 feet).[2]

Biology

Growth

Culture: Space 3-6" apart.

Soil: Minimum pH: 5.6 • Maximum pH: 7.8

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Sun to Partial Shade.

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b, 11. (map)

Taxonomy

Notes

Publishing author : L. Publication : Sp. Pl. 1: 309 1753 [1 May 1753]

Similar Species

Members of the genus Scilla

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 23 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

S. amoena (Star Hyacinth) · S. autumnalis (Autumn Squill) · S. bifolia (Alpine Squill) · S. bifolia 'Rosea' (Alpine Squill) · S. maderensis (Madeira Squill) · S. mischtschenkoana (Early Scilla) · S. morrisii (Morris Squill) · S. numidica (Fall Squill) · S. orientalis (Oriental Two-Leaved Squill) · S. pauciflora (Scilla) · S. peruviana (Caribbean Lily) · S. peruvianavar. alba (Caribbean Lily) · S. pratensis (Amethyst Meadow Squill) · S. rosenii (Scilla) · S. scilloides (Squill) · S. siberica (Siberian Squill) · S. siberica 'Alba' (Siberian Squill) · S. siberica 'Boreas' (Siberian Squill 'boreas') · S. siberica 'Spring Beauty' (Siberian Squill) · S. tubergeniana (English Bluebell) · S. verna (Spring Squill) · S. violacea (South African Squill) · S. winogradowii (Wax Flower Orchid)

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Further Reading

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• A monograph of the British Uredineae and Ustilagineae, with an account of their biology including the methods of observing the germination of their spores and of their experimental culture. London, Paul, Trench & Co., 1889. url , .
• A monograph of the British Uredineæ and Ustilagineæ, with an account of their biology including the methods of observing the germination of their spores and of their experimental culture. By Charles B. Plowright. London, K. Paul, Trench, 1889. url p. 142, p. 328.
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Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 15, 2012.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed March 04, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 10 providers.
• Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.
• The International Plant Names Index. Accessed Dec 27, 2011.
• USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (May 04, 2008)
• World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Release date: November 27, 2009

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal March 04, 2008:

• Biologiezentrum der Oberoesterreichischen Landesmuseen: Biologiezentrum Linz
• Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin-Dahlem: Herbarium Willing
• Bundesamt für Naturschutz / Zentralstelle für Phytodiversität Deutschland: Bundesamt fuer Naturschutz / Zentralstelle fuer Phytodiversitaet Deutschland
• Conservatoire botanique national du Bassin parisien: Observations du Conservatoire botanique national du Bassin parisien.
• European Environment Agency: EUNIS
• GBIF-Spain: Univ. Herbarium SALAMANCA: SALA
• GBIF-Sweden: Herbarium of Oskarshamn (OHN)
• GBIF-Sweden: Lund Botanical Museum (LD)
• GBIF-Sweden: Plants (GBIF-SE:Artdatabanken)
• inatura - Erlebnis Naturschau Dornbirn
• Institute of Nature Conservation PAS: National System of Proetcted Areas
• Natural History Museum, University of Oslo: Vascular Plant Herbarium, Oslo (O)
• UK National Biodiversity Network: Botanical Society of the British Isles - Vascular Plants Database

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 5854579
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Kew-288665
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 4490920
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:540693-1
• GRIN Nomen Number: 33320
• International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 540691-1
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 646708

Footnotes

1. J. McNeill "Scilla". in Flora of North America Vol. 26 Page 58, 315, 320. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. Mean = 294.980 meters (967.782 feet), Standard Deviation = 207.950 based on 1,471 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

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