Scilla amoena

• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Genus Scilla

Herbs, perennial , scapose , from bulbs. Bulbs perennial, ovoid to globose , composed of free scales , progressively renewed annually. Leaves few, basal. Inflorescences racemose or cymose , 1-many-flowered, sometimes bracteate ; bracts none or 1, subtending each flower. Flowers: perianth usually blue or purple, rarely white; tepals distinct to base , each 1-veined; stamens 6; filaments inserted at base of perianth, distinct; anthers dorsifixed , introrse ; pistil 1, 3-carpellate; ovary superior, 3-locular, septal nectaries present, ovules 1-10 per locule; style simple . Fruits capsular , 3-lobed, subglobose, dehiscence loculicidal. Seeds 3-30, not winged , globose to ellipsoid , elaiosomes present. x = 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12.

Species ca. 50: introduced ; Eurasia , especially Mediterranean area and sw Asia; s Africa.

A number of species of Scilla are commonly grown for their early, showy spring flowers, and present the possibility of becoming naturalized . In particular, S. bifolia Linnaeus, two-leaved squill, has been reported in Michigan (E. G. Voss 1972-1985, vol. 1) and northwestern Indiana (F. Swink and G. S. Wilhelm 1994). The summer-flowering hyacinth squill, S. hyacinthoides Linnaeus [Nectaroscilla hyacinthoides (Linnaeus) Parlatore], has been collected along roadsides near Mooringsport, Louisiana, and in Navarro County, Texas; it is readily distinguished from the spring-flowering species by its tall scapes (30-80 cm) with more than 40 flowers, and its more numerous leaves (8-10).

F. Speta (1998, 1998b) drastically split Scilla, placing the Eurasian members into 10-12 mostly small genera on the basis of molecular (M. Pfosser and F. Speta 1999) and karyological (J. Greilhuber 1982; J. Greilhuber et al. 1981; F. Speta 1979) studies, as well as morphological data. Some of these segregate genera correspond to subgenera and sections recognized in other Eurasian treatments over the past 75 years (e.g. , P. Chouard 1930; J. McNeill 1980; E. V. Mordak 1984), but others represent even finer splitting .[1]

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 732 meters (0 to 2,402 feet).[2]

Taxonomy

Notes

Publishing author : M .Bieb. Publication : Fl. Taur. Cauc. i. 278; [DC.] in Red. Lil. iii. t. 130

Similar Species

Members of the genus Scilla

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 23 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

S. amoena (Star Hyacinth) · S. autumnalis (Autumn Squill) · S. bifolia (Alpine Squill) · S. bifolia 'Rosea' (Alpine Squill) · S. maderensis (Madeira Squill) · S. mischtschenkoana (Early Scilla) · S. morrisii (Morris Squill) · S. numidica (Fall Squill) · S. orientalis (Oriental Two-Leaved Squill) · S. pauciflora (Scilla) · S. peruviana (Caribbean Lily) · S. peruvianavar. alba (Caribbean Lily) · S. pratensis (Amethyst Meadow Squill) · S. rosenii (Scilla) · S. scilloides (Squill) · S. siberica (Siberian Squill) · S. siberica 'Alba' (Siberian Squill) · S. siberica 'Boreas' (Siberian Squill 'boreas') · S. siberica 'Spring Beauty' (Siberian Squill) · S. tubergeniana (English Bluebell) · S. verna (Spring Squill) · S. violacea (South African Squill) · S. winogradowii (Wax Flower Orchid)

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Further Reading

• A catalogue of plants cultivated in the garden of John Gerard, in the years 1596-1599 /edited with notes, references to Gerard's Herball, the addition of modern names, and a life of the author, by Benjamin Daydon Jackson. 1876 London: Privately printed, 1876 url p. 63.
• A dictionary of English names of plants applied in England and among English-speaking people to cultivated and wild plants, trees, and shrubs, by William Miller; in two parts, English-Latin and Latin-English. London, J. Murray, 1884. url p. 129.
• A first report on the relations between climates and crops. By Cleveland Abbe. Prepared under the direction of Willis L. Moore, chief United States Weather Bureau. Washington, Govt. Print. Off., 1905. url p. 193.
• Alpine flowers for English gardens / by W. Robinson. London: Murray, 1879. url p. 424.
• Alpine flowers for gardens: rock, wall, marsh plants, and mountain shrubs / by W. Robinson. London: John Murray, 1903. url p. 311.
• An encyclopædia of gardening; comprising the theory and practice of horticulture, floriculture, arboriculture, and landscape-gardening, including all the latest improvements; a general history of gardening in all countries; and a By J.C. Loudon. .. illustrated with many hundred engravings on wood by Branston. London: Printed for Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green, 1827. url p. 887.
• Bulbs and tuberous-rooted plants: their history, description, methods of propagation and complete directions for their successful culture in the garden, dwelling and greenhouse / by C.L. Allen. New York: O. Judd, 1919. url p. 156, p. 273.
• Bulbs and tuberous-rooted plants; their history, description, methods of propagation and complete directions for their successful culture in the garden, dwelling and greenhouse, by C.L. Allen. New York: Orange Judd Co., 1893. url p. 156, p. 273.
• Bulletin of miscellaneous information /Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 1904-05 1904 London: H.M. Stationery Office, 1900-1941. url p. 16, p. 24, p. 26, p. 27.
• Colour in my garden, by Louise Beebe Wilder. Illustrated in colour, by Anna Winegar. Garden City, N.Y., Doubleday, Page, 1918. url p. 369.
• Cyclopedia of American horticulture, comprising suggestions for cultivation of horticultural plants, descriptions of the species of fruits, vegetables, flowers and ornamental plants sold in the United by L. H. Bailey. .. assisted by William Miller. .. and many expert cultivators and botanists. London: The Macmillan company, 1909. url p. 1632.
• Garden and farm topics / by Peter Henderson. New York: Peter Henderson, 1884. url p. 56.
• Gray's school and field book of botany. Consisting of "Lessons in botany" and "Field, forest, and garden botany" bound in one volume. By Asa Gray. New York, Ivison, Blakeman, Taylor, & company, 1881. url p. 347.
• Hand-list of herbaceous plants cultivated in the Royal Botanic Gardens. London, Printed for H. M. Stationery Off. by Darling, 1902. url p. 1027.
• Handbook of flower pollination based upon Hermann Müller's work 'The fertilisation of flowers by insects'; tr. by J.R. Ainsworth Davis. Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1906. url p. 589.
• Hardy flowers. Descriptions of upwards of thirteen hundred of the most ornamental species, with directions for their arrangement, culture, etc.. .. By W. Robinson. London, Macmillan, 1878. url p. 228.
• Henderson's Handbook of plants and general horticulture / By Peter Henderson. New York, P. Henderson & Co., 1910. url p. 431.
• Introduction to botany, containing an explanation of the theory of that science, extracted from the works of Linnaeus, ed. by C. Stewart. Edinburgh, Bell, 1811. url p. 270.
• Journal of botany, British and foreign. 6 1868 London: Robert Hardwicke, 1863-1942. url p. 337.
• Lists of plant types for landscape planting; the materials of planting for ornament listed according to their various uses, by Stephen F. Hamblin. Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 1923. url , p. 99.
• Loddiges, C. L. The botanical cabinet: consisting of coloured delineations of plants, from all countries, with a short account of each, directions for management, &c, &c /by Conrad Loddiges & Sons; the plates by George Cooke... 11 1825 London: John & Arthur Arch. .., 1817-1833. url .
• Midland naturalist. London: Hardwicke and Bogue, 1878- url p. 162.
• Nicholson, G. The illustrated dictionary of gardening: a practical and scientific encyclopædia of horticulture for gardeners and botanists /edited by George Nicholson; assisted by J.W.H. Trail. .. and J. Garrett. .. 9 1884 London: L.U. Gill, [1884]-88. url p. 403.
• Our garden flowers; a popular study of their native lands, their life histories, and their structural affiliations, New York, C. Scribner's Sons, 1910. url .
• Poisonous plants of all countries, by A. Bernhard-Smith. London, Baillière, Tindall & Cox, 1923. url p. 110.
• Poisonous plants of all countries. With the active, chemical principles which they contain; and the toxic symptoms produced by each group. Bristol [Eng.]J. Wright, 1905. url .
• Researches about atmospheric phenomena. By Thomas Forster. London: Printed for Harding, Mavor, and Lepard, 1823. url p. 422.
• The American florist: a weekly journal for the trade. Chicago: American Florist Company, [1885-1931] url p. 679, p. 873.
• The California horticulturist and floral magazine. San Francisco, Cal.: F.A. Miller & Co., [1870- url p. 128.
• The English flower garden and home grounds: design and arrangement shown by existing examples of gardens in Great Britain and Ireland, followed by a description of the plants, shrubs, and trees for the open-air garden and their culture / by W. Robinson. London: J. Murray, 1911. url p. 850.
• The Garden: an illustrated weekly journal of gardening in all its branches. London: [s.n., url , p. 156, p. 195, p. 280, p. 335, p. 376, p. 380, p. 380, p. 413, p. 439.
• The Gardener. Edinburgh;W. Blackwood and sons, 1867-1882. url p. 306.
• The Gardeners' chronicle and agricultural gazette. London: published for the proprietors, 1844-1873. url p. 268, p. 407, p. 438, p. 517.
• The Gardeners' chronicle: a weekly illustrated journal of horticulture and allied subjects. London: [Gardeners Chronicle], 1874-1955. url p. 11, p. 344, p. 423, p. 447, p. 667.
• The Illustrated dictionary of gardening: a practical and scientific encyclopaedia of horticulture for gardeners and botanists / edited by George Nicholson. ..; assisted by J.W.H. Trail. .. and J. Garrett. ... London: L. Upcott Gill; 1887-1889. url p. 376, p. 388, p. 388, p. 440.
• The Journal of horticulture, cottage gardener and country gentlemen. London: George W. Johnson and Robert Hogg, 1861-1877. url p. 407.
• The anthocyanin pigments of plants. By Muriel Wheldale. Cambridge, University Press, 1916. url p. 316.
• The book of the seasons; or, The calendar of nature. LondonR. Bentley1833 url p. 61.
• The bulb book; or, Bulbous and tuberous plants for the open air, stove, and greenhouse, containing particulars as to descriptions, culture, propagation, etc., of plants from all parts of the world having bulbs, corm London, J. Murray, 1911. url .
• The florist, fruitist, and garden miscellany. London: Chapman and Hall, 1852- url p. 194, p. 231.
• The garden month by month; describing the appearance, color, dates of bloom, height and cultivation of all desirable, hardy herbaceous perennials for the formal or wild garden with additional lists of aquatics, vines, ferns, et by Mabel Cabot Sedgwick assisted by Robert Cameron with over two hundred half-tone engravings from photographs of growing plants, and a chart in colors. New York, F.A. Stokes Co., [1907] url .
• The garden... London, 1872- url p. 380.
• The gardens, poultry, and bees; embracing Auburn, N. Y., The Auburn Publishing Company [c1859] url .
• The practical fruit, flower and vegetable gardener's companion with calendar. By Patrick Neill. .. Adapted to the United States New York, C.M. Saxton and Co.[c1855] url p. 254.
• The standard cyclopedia of horticulture; a discussion, for the amateur, and the professional and commercial grower, of the kinds, characteristics and methods of cultivation of the species of plants grown in the regions of the United States a Illustrated with colored plates, four thousand engravings in the text, and ninety-six full-page cuts. New York, Macmillan, 1919 [c1914] url p. 3116, p. 3119.
• The tourist's flora: a descriptive catalogue of the flowering plants and ferns of the British Islands, France, Germany, Switzerland, Italy, and the Italian islands / London: Reeve and Benham, 1850. url p. 492.
• The wild garden; or, Our groves & shrubberies made beautiful. .. London, J. Murray, 1870. url , .
• Town planting and the trees, shrubs, herbaceous and other plants that are best adapted for resisting smoke. London: E.P. Dutton & co., [1910] url p. 135.
• Transactions and proceedings of the New Zealand Institute. Wellington: New Zealand Institute. url p. 409.
• Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, 2nd series: Botany 5 1896 London. url p. 212, p. 213, p. 490.
• Villa gardening: a handbook for amateur and practical gardeners / by Edward Hobday. London; MacMillan, 1887. url p. 54, p. 85.
• Yard and garden; a book of practical information for the amateur gardener in city, town or suburb, Indianapolis, The Bobbs-Merrill company[1908] url p. 188.
• Chouard, P. 1930. Types de Développement de lAppareil Végétatif Chez les Scillées. D.Sc. thesis. University of Paris. [Preprinted from Ann. Sci. Nat., Bot., sér. 10, 13: 131322. 1931.]
• McNeill, J. 1980. Scilla. In: T. G. Tutin et al., eds. 19641980. Flora Europaea. 5 vols. Cambridge. Vol. 5, pp. 4143.
• Mordak, E. V. 1984. Scilla. In: P. H. Davis, ed. 19651988. Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. 10 vols. Edinburgh. Vol. 8, pp. 214224.
• Speta, F. 1998b. Systematische Analyse der Gattung Scilla L. (Hyacinthaceae). Phyton (Horn) 38: 1141.

Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 15, 2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 29, 2007:

• Bundesamt für Naturschutz / Zentralstelle für Phytodiversität Deutschland, Bundesamt fuer Naturschutz / Zentralstelle fuer Phytodiversitaet Deutschland
• The Swedish Museum of Natural History
• , Herbarium of Oskarshamn
• Tiroler Landesmuseum Ferdinandeum, Tiroler Landesmuseum Ferdinandeum

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 5854573
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Kew-286993
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 15516131
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:540651-1
• International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 540650-1
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 891731

Footnotes

1. J. McNeill "Scilla". in Flora of North America Vol. 26 Page 58, 315, 320. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. Mean = 182.750 meters (599.573 feet), Standard Deviation = 203.240 based on 28 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.