Overview
Interesting Facts
Common Names
Common Names in English:
Narrowleaf Saw-Wort, Common Saussurea, Narrow-Leaved Saw-Wort
Description
Family Compositae
The largest family of flowering plants , the Compositae (Asteraceae), comprising about 1,100 genera and more than 20,000 species and characterized by many small flowers arranged in a head looking like a single flower and subtended by an involucre of bracts. A head may consist of both ray flowers and disk flowers, as in the sunflower, of disk flowers only, as in the burdock, or of ray flowers only, as in the dandelion.
Genus Saussurea
Perennials
, 5-120+ cm; herbage
tomentose
or glabrescent
, not spiny
. Stems erect
or ascending
, simple
or branched. Leaves basal or cauline (sometimes cauline only), sessile or petiolate
; blade
margins
entire or dentate
to pinnately lobed
, faces
glabrous
to densely tomentose, glandular
or eglandular
. Heads discoid
, borne singly or in corymbiform
arrays. Involucres ovoid
to campanulate
or ± turbinate
. Phyllaries many in 3-5(-10+) series, subequal
to strongly unequal, appressed
or not, ovate
to lanceolate, margins entire, toothed
, or lobed, apices obtuse
or acute, appendaged or not, not spine-tipped. Receptacles flat or convex
, epaleate, smooth
, usually subulate-scaly, sometimes bristly
or naked. Florets 10-20; corollas white to blue or purple, tubes
slender, abruptly expanded to throats
, lobes
linear
; anther
bases
short-tailed, apical appendages
linear, acute; style branches: fused portions with minutely hairy
subterminal
nodes, distinct
portions oblong
to linear, short-papillate. Cypselae oblong, ± angled
, cylindric
or 4-5-angled, ribs
(when present) smooth or roughened, apices entire, glabrous or minutely glandular, attachment scars
basal; pappi usually of 2 series, outer of readily falling, short bristles
, inner persistent
or falling as unit
, of basally connate
, usually longer
, plumose
bristles. x = 13, 14, 16, 17, 18, 19?.
Species 300-400: North America, Eurasia
, 1 in Australia.
Saussurea is a notoriously difficult, largely Asiatic genus with species boundaries often indistinct.[1]
Physical Description
Species Saussurea angustifolia
Plants 3-50 cm; herbage
loosely tomentose
when young, ±
glabrescent
. Stems arising from slender rhizomes, usually
simple
or few, ascending
. Leaves basal and cauline, smaller
distally, sessile, blades
linear
to narrowly elliptic
, 3-12(-25)
cm, bases
acute, margins
entire or remotely dentate
, apices acute.
Heads 2-10+ in open or crowded corymbiform
arrays; (peduncles
1-5 cm). Involucres 9-14 mm.
Phyllaries strongly unequal,
the outer ± ovate
, inner lanceolate, abaxial
faces
dark green,
usually also tinged dark purplish, pilose
or loosely tomentose; tips
of outer and mid phyllaries acute. Receptacles scaly
. Florets
8-22; corollas purple, 11-15 m
, tubes
6-7.5 mm, throats
2-2.5 mm,
lobes
3-5. mm; anthers
darker purple. Cypselae 3-4 mm; pappus
bristles
brownish, outer 1-2 mm, the inner 9-10 mm. [source]
Extreme forms of the varieties of Saussurea angustifolia are
distinctive, ranging from slender, erect
, subglabrous specimens of
var. angustifolia to dwarf
, densely pubescent
forms of vars.
viscida and yukonensis. The extremes are connected
by intermediates. As is indicated by the synonymy
, little unanimity
exists in the interpretation of these taxa. I have chosen to follow
S. L. Welsh (1974) in treating S. densa as a variety of S.
angustifolia rather than as a distinct
species. The extent to
which the differences among these taxa are genetic or environmentally
induced has not been investigated. [source]
Habit: Forb/herb
Flowers: Bloom Period: April, May. • Flower Color: black, blue-violet, dark blue, dark purple
Size/Age/Growth
Size: 6-12" tall.
Habitat
Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 1,793 meters (0 to 5,883 feet).[2]
Biology
Reproduction
Duration: Perennial
Growth
Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full sun .
Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b. (map)
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
)
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
)
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
)
- Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
)
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
(
)
- Brongniart, 1843
- Dicotyledons
- Subclass:
Asteridae
(
)
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder:
Campanulanae
(
)
- Takhtajan Ex Reveal, 1992
- Order:
Asterales
(
)
- Lindley, 1833
- Family:
Compositae
(
)
- Giseke, 1792, nom. cons., nom. alt.
- Subfamily:
Carduoideae
(
)
- Subfamily:
Carduoideae
(
- Family:
Compositae
(
- Order:
Asterales
(
- Superorder:
Campanulanae
(
- Subclass:
Asteridae
(
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Synonyms
Serratula alpina Linnaeus Var. angustifolia Linnaeus
Notes
Name
Status: Accepted Name
.
Comment: Data Providers: IPNI, Tropicos. GCC LSID: urn
:lsid:compositae.org:names:B6D36D94-31FD-4DED-AA0A-462C12F56CA8
Last scrutiny: 15-Aug-09
Similar Species
Members of the genus Saussurea
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 13 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:
S. alpina (Alpine Sawwort) · S. amara (Saussurea) · S. americana (American Saw-Wort) · S. angustifolia (Narrowleaf Saw-Wort) · S. angustifolia var. angustifolia (Narrowleaf Saw-Wort) · S. angustifolia var. yukonensis (Narrowleaf Saw-Wort) · S. angustifolia yukonensis (Narrowleaf Saw-Wort) · S. densa (Clustered Sawwort) · S. nuda (Nutty Saw-Wort) · S. tilesii (Tiles' Saussurea) · S. tschuktschorum (Tschuktsch's Saussurea) · S. viscida (Sticky Saw-Wort) · S. weberi (Weber's Saw-Wort)
More Info
- Search for Pictures: images.google.com
- Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
- Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
- Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books
Further Reading
- Brigham Young University science bulletin. 14 1971 Provo, Utah: Brigham Young University, [1955-1976] url fig. 18, page 22, fig. 41, page 46.
- Ecological investigations of the tundra biome in the Prudhoe Bay region, Alaska / edited by Jerry Brown. [Fairbanks: University of Alaska], 1975. url p. 205, p. 84.
- Flora of the U.S.S.R. [Springfield, Va.: Israel Program for Scientific Translations; 1968- url p. 494.
- Publications in botany / Ottawa: The Museum, 1969- url p. 69.
- Report of the Canadian Arctic Expedition 1913-18. Ottawa, F. A. Acland, Printer to the King, 1919- url , , , , .
- Syllogeus. Ottawa, National Museum of Natural Sciences, 1972-1995. url p. 103, p. 50, p. 94.
- The Great Basin naturalist. 28 1968 Provo, Utah: M.L. Bean Life Science Museum, Brigham Young University, 1939-1999. url p. 152.
- Lipschitz, S. J. 1979. Rod Saussurea DC. (Asteraceae). Leningrad.
Notes
Contributors
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 15, 2012.
Data Sources
Accessed through GBIF Data Portal February 02, 2008:
- Canadian Museum of Nature, Canadian Museum of Nature Herbarium
- University of Alaska Museum of the North, University of Alaska Museum of the North Herbarium
- Utah State University, USU-UTC Specimen Database
- Utah Valley State College
- , Utah Valley State College Herbarium
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2657652
- Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Ast-11934
- Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 36075
- U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: SAVIY SAAN
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 61517
Footnotes
- David J. Keil "Saussurea". in Flora of North America Vol. 19, 20 and 21 Page 58, 83, 165. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
- Mean = 554.530 meters (1,819.324 feet), Standard Deviation = 475.580 based on 267 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]
