Sanicula elata

• Interesting Facts
• Description
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Interesting Facts

Description

Genus Sanicula

Herbs biennial or perennial . Stem erect , ascending or rarely decumbent , glabrous (Chinese species). Leaves petiolate , sheaths generally membranous, or subsessile ; blade orbicular , round-cordate or cordate-pentagonal, palmately 3-5-parted and often lobed , margin serrate or doubly setose-serrate. Umbels simple or compound ; peduncles racemous, cymous or corymbose-branched; bracts foliaceous , usually serrate; bracteoles small, entire, rarely lobed; umbellules with both sessile or subsessile, bisexual flowers and pedicellate , staminate flowers . Calyx teeth prominent , connate and persistent . Petals white, greenish white, pale yellow, purple or pale blue, spatulate or obovate with a narrowly inflexed apex. Stylopodium absent or discoid-flat; styles shorter than or exceeding the calyx teeth, recurved. Fruit long-ellipsoid or subglobose, densely covered with uncinate or straight bristles , or tubercles ; ribs inconspicuous or slightly prominent; vittae distinct or obscure , irregularly arranged on the dorsal and lateral surfaces, usually 3 on commissure . Seed-face concave or sulcate . Carpophore absent.

About 40 species: predominately in temperate regions , some species in subtropical regions; 17 species (11 endemic) in China.[1]

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 4,028 meters (0 to 13,215 feet).[2]

Taxonomy

Notes

An accepted name in the RHS Horticultural Database.

Similar Species

Members of the genus Sanicula

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 34 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

S. arctopoides (Bears-Foot Sanicle) · S. arguta (Sharptooth Blacksnakeroot) · S. bipinnata (Poison Sanicle) · S. bipinnatifida (Purple Sanicle) · S. caerulescens (Blue Sanicle) · S. canadensis (Black Snakeroot) · S. canadensis var. canadensis (Canadian Blacksnakeroot) · S. canadensis var. genuina (Canadian Black Snakeroot) · S. canadensis var. grandis (Canadian Blacksnakeroot) · S. canadensis var. marilandica (Canadian Black Snakeroot) · S. crassicaulis (Pacific Blacksnakeroot) · S. crassicaulis var. crassicaulis (Pacific Blacksnakeroot) · S. crassicaulis var. menziesii (Western Snakeroot) · S. crassicaulis var. tripartita (Pacific Blacksnakeroot) · S. europaea (European Sanicle) · S. europaea elata (European Sanicle) · S. graveolens (Northern Sanicle) · S. hoffmannii (Hoffmann's Blacksnakeroot) · S. kauaiensis (Kauai Blacksnakeroot) · S. laciniata (Coastal Blacksnakeroot) · S. marilandica (Black Sanicle) · S. marilandica var. borealis (Black Snakeroot) · S. marilandica var. canadensis (Black Snakeroot) · S. maritima (Adobe Snakeroot) · S. mariversa (Waianae Range Blacksnakeroot) · S. odorata (Cluster Sanicle) · S. peckiana (Peck's Blacksnakeroot) · S. purpurea (Purpleflower Blacksnakeroot) · S. sandwicensis (Hawai'i Blacksnakeroot) · S. saxatilis (Devil's Blacksnakeroot) · S. smallii (Small's Blacksnakeroot) · S. tracyi (Tracy's Blacksnakeroot) · S. trifoliata (Largefruit Black Snakeroot) · S. tuberosa (Turkey Pea)

More Info

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Further Reading

• A hand-book to the flora of Ceylon: containing descriptions of all the species of flowering plants indigenous to the island, and notes on their history, distribution, and uses: with an atlas of plates illustrating some of the more inte by Henry Trimen. London: Dulau, 1893-1931. url p. 442.
• Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). London: The Museum, 1951-1992. url p. 256, p. 369.
• Bulletin of the Natural History Museum. London: The Natural History Museum, c1993-2002. url p. 123, p. 130.
• Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 45 2003 Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1890- url p. 146, p. 573.
• Flora Malesiana. general editor, C.G.G.J. van Steenis. Djakarta: Noordhoff-Kolff, 1950- url p. 125, p. 830, p. 868.
• Flora of the Presidency of Madras / by J.S. Gamble. London: West, Newman and Adlard, 1915- url p. 557.
• Illustrations of Indian botany: or figures illustrative of each of the natural orders of Indian plants, described in the author's prodromus florae peninsulae Indiae orientalis /by Robert Wight. 2 1850 Madras: published by J. B. Pharoah for the author, 1840-1850. url p. 57.
• Spicilegium Neilgherrense, or, a selection of Neilgherry plants: drawn and coloured from nature, with brief descriptions of each; some general remarks on the geography and affinities of natural families of plants, and occasional notices of their economical properties and uses /by Robert Wight. 1 1846 Madras: the author, [1846]-1851. url p. 66.
• The Journal of the College of Science, Imperial University of Tokyo, Japan = Tokyo Teikoku Daigaku kiyo. Rika. Tokyo, Japan: The University, 1898-1925. url p. 253, p. 564.
• The Journal of the Linnean Society. Botany. 23 1886-88 London: the Society: Longman, Green, Longman, Roberts & Green: ||Williams and Norgate, 1865-1968. url p. 326.
• The flora of British India /By J. D. Hooker assisted by various botanists. Published under the authority of the secretary of state for India in council. London: L. Reeve, 1875-97. url p. 670.
• Wight, R. & G. A. W. Arnott Prodromus Florae Peninsulae Indiae Orientalis: containing abridged descriptions of the plants found in the peninsula of British India, arranged according to the natural system: Vol. 1 /by Robert Wight and G.A. Walker-Arnott. 1834 London: Parbury, Allen & Co., 1834. url p. 367.

Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 13, 2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 16, 2007:

• GBIF-Spain, Real Jardin Botanico
• , Vascular Plant Herbarium
• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 5956668
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 15018644
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:847828-1
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 1840218

Footnotes

1. Sheh Meng-lan, Loy R. Phillippe "Sanicula". in Flora of China Vol. 14 Page 19. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. Mean = 1,779.940 meters (5,839.698 feet), Standard Deviation = 1,789.970 based on 72 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.