Saccharum officinarum

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Giant grass from New Guinea, introduced to Hawaii by early Polynesian immigrants. Now commercially important to Hawaii as source of export sugar but becoming less so in recent years.

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Physical Description

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 4,653 meters (0 to 15,266 feet).[1]

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Perennial • Coppice Potential: No • Progagated by Bulbs: No • Propagated by Bare Root: No • Propagated by Container: No • Propagated by Corms: No • Propagated by Cuttings: No • Propagated by Seed: Yes • Propagated by Sod: Yes • Propagated by Sprigs: Yes • Propagated by Tubers: Yes • Fruit/Seed Period Begin: Winter • Fruit/Seed Period End: Spring • Fruit/Seed Persistence: No

Growth

Soil: Adapted to Medium Textured: Adapted to Medium Textured Soils • Adapted to Coarse Textured Soils: Yes • Anaerobic Tolerance: High • Salinity Tolerance: Medium • Minimum pH: 4.0 • Maximum pH: 7.0 • Fertility Requirement: Medium

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full sun . • Shade Tolerance: Intermediate

Moisture: Drought Tolerance: High • Minimum Precipitation: 40 • Maximum Precipitation: 80 • Moisture Use: Medium

Temperature: Minimum Temperature (F): 17°F. • Minimum Frost Free Days: 365 • Cold Hardiness: 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b. (map)

Taxonomy

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Similar Species

Members of the genus Saccharum

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 21 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

S. alopecuroides (Silver Plume Grass) · S. alopecuroidum (Silver Plumegrass) · S. arundinaceum (Hardy Sugar Cane) · S. baldwinii (Narrow Plumegrass) · S. barberi (Barber's Cane) · S. bengalense (Munj Sweetcane) · S. brevibarbe (Purple Plume Grass) · S. brevibarbe var. brevibarbe (Shortbeard Plumegrass) · S. brevibarbe var. contortum (Shortbeard Plumegrass) · S. coarctatum (Compressed Plumegrass) · S. giganteum (Giant Beardgrass) · S. narenga (Narenga Sugarcane) · S. officinarum (Purple Sugarcane) · S. officinarum var. violaceum (Burgundy-Leaved Sugarcane) · S. officinarum 'Pele's Smoke' (Black Magic Repellent Plant) · S. ravennae (Hardy Pampas Grass) · S. robustum (Robust Cane) · S. sinense (Chinese Cane) · S. spontaneum (Ahlek) · S. 'L99-226' (Sugarcane 'l99-226') · S. 'L99-233' (Sugarcane 'k99-233')

More Info

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Further Reading

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• Useful plants of the Siona and Secoya Indians of eastern Ecuador / William T. Vickers, Timothy Plowman. 15 1984 Chicago, Ill.: Field Museum of Natural History, 1984. url p. 15, p. 63.
• Vernacular list of trees, shrubs, and woody climbers in the Madras Presidency. Madras, Printed by the Superintendant, Government Press, 1915. url p. 394, p. 768, p. 947.
• Vernalization and photoperiodism, a symposium by A. E. Murneek [and others] Foreword by Kenneth V. Thimann. Waltham, Mass., Chronica Botanica Co., 1948. url , p. 126.
• Veterinary materia medica and therapeutics, New York, William R. Jenkins company[c1916] url p. 547.
• Veterinary medicines 1911 url p. 665.
• Veterinary medicines: their actions and uses / by Finlay Dun. .. ed. by James MacQueen. New York: W.R. Jenkins, 1906. url p. 657.
• West African forests and forestry / London: T.F. Unwin, ltd., [1920] url .
• West African forests and forestry, by A. Harold Unwin. .. with 110 illustrations by the author. London, T. F. Unwin, ltd.[1920] url p. 196.
• Woods of northeastern Peru, by Llewelyn Williams. 15 1936 Chicago, 1936. url p. 541.
• [Pamphlets on agriculture in Guam] S.l.: s.n., 1905-1916 url p. 16, p. 209, p. 366, p. 367, p. 379, p. 389.
• [Publications] - Bureau of Government Laboratories. Manila, Bureau of Public Printing, 1903-1906. url p. 114, p. 92.
• a manual of Egyptian farm crops and vegetables, by G. Bonaparte. .. Cairo, Printing Office J. Politis, 1903. url p. 60.

Notes

Contributors

• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 10, 2012.

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 28, 2007:

• Australian National Herbarium
• , Australian National Herbarium
• Botanical Research Institute of Texas, Andes to Amazon Biodiversity Program
• Comisión nacional para el conocimiento y uso de la biodiversidad, Banco Nacional de Germoplasma Vegetal, México
• Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden, Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden Virtual Herbarium Darwin Core format
• GBIF-Spain, Real Jardin Botanico
• , Vascular Plant Herbarium
• Herbarium of the University of Aarhus, The AAU Herbarium Database
• Herbier de la Guyane, Herbier de la Guyane
• Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad
• , Biodiversidad de Costa Rica
• Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
• National Herbarium of New South Wales, NSW herbarium collection
• National Herbarium of New South Wales, Plants of Papua New Guinea
• The Danish Biodiversity Information Facility, Galapagos grasses and sedges
• USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 1
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-42058
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 14370437
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:294002-2
• GRIN Nomen Number: 32617
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 42058
• MoBot NameID: 25512479
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: SAOF
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 60911

Footnotes

1. Mean = 935.880 meters (3,070.472 feet), Standard Deviation = 1,803.280 based on 95 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.