Sabal bermudana

• Overview
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• Bibliography
• More Info
• Notes

Overview

Endangered

Common Names

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Description

Tribe Heliantheae

The Heliantheae are a tribe of closely related genera of the sunflower family that can be readily recognized due to the association of a receptacular bract or chaff scale with each disk floret in the head . The heads usually include bisexual , actinomorphic disk florets with tubular corollas that have 4 or 5 distal lobes and also peripheral zygomorphic female or sometimes sterile florets with strap-shaped corollas that have 3 or fewer distal teeth. However, the ray flowers are sometimes absent and the heads are then discoid , containing only bisexual florets with tubular corollas. The pappus is absent or more commonly ranges from scales to stiff bristles . -- Gerald Carr.

Genus Sabal

Plants dwarf , moderate, or tall, usually robust . Stems solitary, aerial or subterranean , covered with leaf bases or clean, obscurely [strongly] ringed, becoming striate or smooth with age. Leaves few to many; sheath fibers soft; petiole split at base, completely unarmed ; adaxial hastula well -developed, obtuse to acuminate-triangular; costa present; blade weakly to strongly costapalmate ; plication induplicate ; segments lanceolate, basally connate to connate for 2 1/2 length [or in groups of 2 or 3 segments connate for nearly entire length], often bearing thread-like fibers between segments; apices acute or 2-cleft, stiff or lax . Inflorescences axillary within crown of leaves, paniculate , erect or arching beyond leaves [shorter than leaves], with 2 or 3[--4] orders of branching; peduncular bracts 2--5, tightly clasping , inconspicuous; rachillae glabrous . Flowers bisexual , borne singly along rachillae, sessile, creamy white, fragrant; perianth 2-seriate; calyx cupulate ; 3-lobed; petals 3, imbricate, elliptic , obovate or spatulate , alternate with outer whorl of stamens [basally connate], basally adnate to filaments ; stamens 6 in 2 whorls; filaments narrowly triangular, basally connate; anthers dorsifixed , versatile; pistils 1, 1-carpellate, glabrous; nectaries 3, septal; ovules 3, but usually only one develops into seed; stigma minutely 3-lobed, papillose . Fruits drupes, berrylike, spheroid [oblate or pyriform ] or lobed when more than 1 seed develops; exocarp black; mesocarp blackish, dry to fleshy ; endocarp brown, membranaceous . Seeds 1--3, oblate, glossy; endosperm bony, homogeneous ; embryo nearly apical, lateral or nearly lateral; eophyll undivided, linear-lanceolate. nx = 18.

Species 16: North America, Mexico, West Indies, Central America, South America.

Sabal flowers are bisexual and are pollinated mostly by native bees, especially of the families Halictidae and Megachilidae (S. Zona 1987, 1990), European honeybee, and wasps (Vespidae; P. F. Ramp 1989). Fruits are eagerly sought by both mammals (bears, deer, raccoons) and birds (S. Zona and A. Henderson 1989). Sabal minor, perhaps more than other species, is also dispersed by water (P. F. Ramp 1989; S. Zona 1990).Inodes O. F. Cook "Sabal". in Flora of North America Vol. 22 Page 107. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org.

Physical Description

Habitat

Ecology: An endemic species confined to the few remaining patches of lowland dry or marshy scrub . (Ref. 93914)

Biology

Growth

Culture: Space 15-20' apart.

Soil: Minimum pH: 6.1 • Maximum pH: 7.8

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full Sun .

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 9a, 9b, 10a, 10b, 11. (map)

Taxonomy

Notes

An accepted name in the RHS Horticultural Database.

Similar Species

Members of the genus Sabal

There are approximately 100 species in this genus:

S. 'Birmingham' (Cabbage Palm) · S. 'Riverside' (Cabbage Palm) · S. acaulis · S. adamsonii · S. adansonii var. megacarpa · S. adiantinum · S. allenii · S. bahamensis · S. beccariana · S. bermudana (Bermuda Fan Palm) · S. blackburiana · S. blackburnia (Blackburn Palmetto Palm) · S. blackburniana · S. blackburnianum · S. campbelli · S. carolinianum · S. causiarum (Puerto Rican Hat Palm) · S. chinensis · S. coerulescens · S. columnare · S. deeringianum · S. domingensis (Hispaniolan Palmetto) · S. dugesii · S. elatum · S. etonia (Palm) · S. extonianum · S. floribunda · S. florida · S. ghiesbrechtii · S. giganteum · S. glauca · S. glaucescens · S. graminifolium · S. grayana · S. gretherae · S. gretheriae · S. guatemalensis · S. haitensis · S. havanensis · S. histrix · S. hoogendorpii · S. imperialis · S. jamaicensis · S. jamesianum · S. japa · S. javanica · S. lamanonis · S. longepedunculata · S. longifolia · S. longipedunculata · S. lousiana · S. magdalenae · S. major · S. maritima (Cuban Palmetto) · S. mauritiiforme · S. mauritiiformis · S. mayarum · S. megacarpa · S. mexicana (Oaxacan Palmetto) · S. mexicanum · S. miamensis · S. minima · S. minimum · S. minor (Blue Palm) · S. minor 'Mccurtain' (Blue Palm) · S. minor var. louisiana (Blue Palm) · S. minus · S. miocenica · S. mocinii · S. morrisiana · S. neglecta · S. nematoclada · S. oleraceum · S. palmeto · S. palmetto (Cabbage Palm) · S. palmetto (Walter) Lodd. ex Schult. & Schult.f. var. bahamensis Becc. · S. parviflora · S. parvifolia · S. peregrina · S. powelli · S. princeps · S. pumila · S. pumos · S. questeliana · S. rosei · S. schwarzii · S. serrulata · S. serrulata var. minima · S. serrulatum · S. speciosa · S. spp · S. taurinum · S. umbraculifera · S. umbraculiferum · S. uresana (Sonoran Palmetto) · S. uresana var. roseana · S. viatoris · S. woodfordii · S. yapa · S. yucatanica

Bibliography

• Johnson, D. et al. 1997. Completed data collection forms for palms.
• Lockett, L. 1991. Native Texas palms north of the lower Rio Grande Valley: Recent discoveries. Principes 35: 64--71.
• Simpson, B. J. 1988. A Field Guide to Texas Trees. Austin.
• Zona, S. 1990. A monograph of Sabal (Arecaceae: Coryphoideae). Aliso 12: 583--666.

More Info

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Notes

Contributors

• Bisby FA, Roskov YR, Orrell TM, Nicolson D, Paglinawan LE, Bailly N, Kirk PM, Bourgoin T, van Hertum J, eds (2008). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2008 Annual Checklist Taxonomic Classification. CD-ROM; Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed October 13, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from provider.
• Johnson, D. 1998. In IUCN 2008. 2008 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCNRedList.org. Downloaded July 19, 2008.
• World Checklist of Selected Plant Families

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 5960768
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Kew-181016
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 15057486
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:669677-1
• IUCN ID: 38691
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 644627

Footnotes

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