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Raillardella scaposa

(Greenleaf Silvermat)

Common Names

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Common Names in English:

Greenleaf Silvermat, Stem Raillardella

Description

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Genus Raillardella

Perennials , 1-50+ cm (with branching caudices or rhizomes). Stems ± erect (± scapiform ). Leaves mostly basal (in rosettes) ; opposite; sessile; blades lanceolate or oblanceolate to linear , margins usually entire, sometimes, denticulate , faces glabrous or sericeous or sparsely hirtellous and/or stipitate-glandular . Heads radiate or discoid , borne singly (on scapiform peduncles) or rarely in open, ± corymbiform arrays. Peduncular bracts: (usually 0) pit-glands, tack-glands, and/or spines 0. Involucres hemispheric or campanulate to cylindric , 3-25+ mm diam. Phyllaries 0 ("involucres" then consisting of 1 series of paleae), or 1-13 in 1 series (lanceolate or oblanceolate to linear, herbaceous, each usually 1/2+ enveloping a subtended ray ovary, abaxially hirsute and ± stipitate-glandular). Receptacles flat or convex , glabrous or setulose , paleate (paleae ± persistent , usually in 1 series between rays and discs, peripheral and constituting "involucres" in discoid heads, connate or distinct , sometimes overlapping, herbaceous to scarious ). Ray florets 0 or 1-13, pistillate , fertile ; corollas yellow to yellow-orange or orange to red-orange (not nerved with red to purple abaxially). Disc florets 7-80+, bisexual , fertile; corollas concolorous with rays, tubes shorter than funnelform throats , lobes 5, deltate (anthers yellowish; styles glabrous proximal to branches). Ray cypselae ± terete , ± clavate , basal attachments central, apices not beaked , faces strigose ; pappi 0, or of 8-30 ± subulate , ciliate to plumose scales . Disc cypselae ± terete, ± clavate, (basal attachments central, apices not beaked, faces strigose) ; pappi of 8-30 ± subulate, ciliate to plumose scales. x = 17 or 18.

Species 3: w United States.

Raillardella represents an early diverging lineage of tarweeds (Carlquist et al. 2003) ; putatively ancestral morphologic, ecologic, and chromosomal characteristics are shared with Arnica, the sister group of Madiinae (B . G. Baldwin and B. L. Wessa 2000). Two species that have been included in Raillardella are more closely related to other genera (e.g. , Madia, B. G. Baldwin 1996) and are here treated as Anisocarpus scabridus and Carlquistia muirii.[1]

Physical Description

Species Raillardella scaposa

Plants 6-53 cm. Leaf blades lanceolate or oblanceolate to linear , margins entire, faces stipitate-glandular , sometimes sparsely scabrellous as well. Ray florets 0 or 1-7; corollas yellow to yellow-orange, laminae 5-25+ mm. Disc florets 7-44; corollas yellow to yellow-orange, 7.5-12 mm. 2n = 68, 70. [source]

Variation among populations of Raillardella scaposa spans the morphologic and ecologic divide between R. argentea and R. pringlei; R. scaposa is evidently an allopolyploid that descended from ancestors closely related to each of the other two species. Raillardella scaposa is widely distributed in the Sierra Nevada and southern Cascade Range , often near populations of R. argentea. Putative hybrids between R. scaposa and R. argentea have been noted (e.g. , R. Snow 293, UC, from Tuolumne County, California). [source]

Habit: Forb/herb

Flowers: Bloom Period: June, July, August, September.

Habitat

Wet to dry, often sandy sites; 2000-3500 m [2].

Biology

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Reproduction

Duration: Perennial

Taxonomy

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Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name . Latest taxonomic scrutiny: 15-Mar-2000

Similar Species

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Members of the genus Raillardella

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 8 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

R. argentea (Silky Raillardella) · R. muirii · R. nevadensis · R. paniculata · R. pringlei (Showy Raillardella) · R. rothrockii · R. scabrida · R. scaposa (Greenleaf Silvermat)

More Info

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Further Reading

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Notes

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Contributors

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal February 28, 2008:

Identifiers

Footnotes

  1. Bruce G. Baldwin, John L. Strother "Raillardella". in Flora of North America Vol. 21 Page 254, 255, 256, 257, 300, 303. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
  2. "Raillardella scaposa". in Flora of North America Vol. 21 Page 257. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
Last Revised: 7/2/2009