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Pulsatilla patens multifida

(American Pasqueflower)

Overview

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Interesting Facts

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Common Names

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Common Names in English:

American Pasqueflower, Cutleaf Anemone, Pasqueflower, Sticky Pasqueflower

Description

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Family Ranunculaceae

Herbs perennial or annual , sometimes subshrubs or herbaceous or woody vines . Leaves basal and cauline, alternate, rarely opposite or whorled , simple or variously compound , palmately nerved, rarely penninerved , with or without stipules. Inflorescence a simple or compound monochasium, dichasium, simple or compound raceme, or flowers solitary. Flowers bisexual , sometimes unisexual , actinomorphic , rarely zygomorphic, hypogynous. Sepals 3--6 or more, free , petaloid or sepaloid , imbricate or sometimes valvate in bud. Petals present or absent, 2--8 or more, free, usually with nectaries. Stamens numerous , rarely few, free; filaments linear or filiform ; anthers latrorse , introrse , or extrorse ; sometimes some sterile stamens becoming staminodes. Carpels numerous or few, rarely 1, free, rarely connate to various degrees ; ovary with 1 to many ovules. Fruit follicles or achenes, rarely capsules or berries . Seeds small, with abundant endosperm and minute embryo.

About 60 genera and 2500 species: worldwide, but richly represented in N temperate regions , particularly in E Asia; 38 genera (four endemic) and 921 species (604 endemic) in China.[1]

Genus Pulsatilla

Herbs perennial , often covered with long soft hairs . Rhizome erect . Leaves basal, rosulate; petiole long; leaf blade palmately or odd pinnately divided ; veins palmate. Scape with 3 bracts forming a bell-shaped involucre; involucral bracts basally connate and apically ± deeply divided into numerous lobes . Flower solitary, bisexual . Sepals 5 or 6. Petals absent. Stamens numerous, outermost whorl staminodial except in Pulsatilla kostyczewii; anthers yellow or purple, oblong , narrowly ellipsoid , filiform , or linear , with one longitudinal vein . Pistils numerous; ovule 1 per ovary. Styles long linear, pilose , strongly elongated and plumose when mature . Infructescence globose . Achenes small, spindle-shaped , pilose, with a long plumose beak formed by persistent style.

About 33 species: Asia, Europe, North America; 11 species (one endemic) in China.

Although Pulsatilla can easily be distinguished from Anemone by the former having a long, plumose beak on the achenes formed by the persistent style, phylogenetic studies have shown that they are probably congeneric .[2]

Physical Description

Habit: Forb/herb

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 1,266 meters (0 to 4,154 feet).[3]

Biology

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Reproduction

Duration: Perennial

Taxonomy

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Synonyms

Anemone ludoviciana Nutt. • Anemone multifida (Pritz.) Zamels • Anemone nuttalliana Dc. • Anemone patens L. Var. multifida Pritz. • Anemone patens var. multifida Pritz. • Anemone patens var. nuttalliana (Dc.) Gray • Anemone patens var. wolfgangiana (Bess. Ex Richards) Trauvtr. & Mey Ex F. Kurtz • Pulsatilla hirsutissima (Pursh) Britt. • Pulsatilla ludoviciana Heller • Pulsatilla Multifida • Pulsatilla multifida (Pritz.) Juz. • Pulsatilla nuttalliana< /i> (Dc.) Spreng. • Pulsatilla patens (L.) Mill. Var. multifida (Pritz.) S. H. Li & Y. Hui Huang • Pulsatilla patens (L.) Mill. Multifida (Pritzel) Zamels • Pulsatilla patens hirsutissima (Pursh) Zamels • Pulsatilla Patens Multifida

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name . Synonym: Anemone multifida. Latest taxonomic scrutiny: March 15, 2000.

Place of publication : Acta Horti Bot. Univ. Latv. 1:98. 1926

Name verified on 18-Feb-1998 by ARS Systematic Botanists. Last updated: 11-Feb-2007

Similar Species

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Members of the genus Pulsatilla

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 21 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

P. albana 'Lutea' (Albania Pasque-Flower) · P. bungeana (Pasque Flower) · P. grandis (Greater Pasque Flower) · P. halleri (Hallers Pasque-Flower) · P. occidentalis (Western Pasque Flower) · P. patens (American Pasque Flower) · P. patens multifida (American Pasqueflower) · P. patens patens (American Pasqueflower) · P. patens subsp. multifida (American Pasqueflower) · P. slavica (Slovak Pasque Flower) · P. subslavica (Intermediate Pasque Flower) · P. vulgaris (European Pasque Flower) · P. vulgaris Mill. 'Rubra' (Pasque Flower) · P. vulgaris 'Alba' (Pasque Flower) · P. vulgaris 'Blaue Glocke' (Pasque Flower) · P. vulgaris 'Heiler Hybrids' (Heiler Hybrids Pasque Flower) · P. vulgaris 'Papageno' (Pasqueflower) · P. vulgaris 'Perlen Glocke' (Windflower 'perlen Glocke') · P. vulgaris 'Rode Klokke' (Rode Klokke Pasqueflower) · P. vulgaris 'Rote Glocke' (Pasque Flower) · P. vulgaris 'Watermelon Pink' (Pasque Flower)

More Info

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Further Reading

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Notes

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Contributors

Identifiers

Footnotes

  1. Wencai Wang, Dezhi Fu, Liang-Qian Li, Bruce Bartholomew, Anthony R. Brach, Bryan E. Dutton, Michael G. Gilbert, Yuichi Kadota, Orbélia R. Robinson, Michio Tamura, Michael J. Warnock, Guanghua Zhu & Svetlana N. Ziman "Ranunculaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 6 Page 133. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
  2. Wang Wencai, Bruce Bartholomew "Pulsatilla". in Flora of China Vol. 6 Page 329. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
  3. Mean = 539.020 meters (1,768.438 feet), Standard Deviation = 362.420 based on 41 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]
Last Revised: 7/14/2012