Common Names
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Common Names in English:
Bracken, Bracken Fern, Brake, Northern Bracken Fern
Common Names in French:
Fougère Des Aigles
Common Names in Korean:
Kosari
Description
Genus Pteridium
Plants
terrestrial
, often forming colonies or thickets. Stems subterranean
, slender, long-creeping; hairs
pale
to dark, jointed
; scales
absent; true vessels
present (absent in other Dennstaedtiaceae
genera in the flora
). Leaves widely spaced, broadly deltate, 0.5--4.5 m.
Petiole
glabrous
to short-hairy, without prickles, with stem buds near base
, vascular bundles
numerous
, U- or O-shaped in cross
section
. Blade
2--4-pinnate, rachis and costae grooved
adaxially; rachis without prickles; nectaries at base of proximal
and sometimes distal pinnae. Segments pinnately divided
, ultimate
segments ovate
to oblong
to linear
, base extending proximally on costae (decurrent) or proximally (surcurrent
), margins
entire
. Veins free
or joined at margin by commissural
vein
beneath
sori, pinnately 2--3-forked. Sori ± continuous, covered by recurved, outer false indusium and obscure
, extrorse
, inner true indusium. Spores tetrahedral-globose, trilete, very finely granulate
. x
= 26.
Species 1 (1 species, 4 vari: almost worldwide.Carol A. Jacobs, James H. Peck "Pteridium". in Flora of North America Vol. 2. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org.
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- Kingdom:
Plantae
()
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
()
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Rhodophyta
()
- Sinnott, 1935 Ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Red Algae
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
()
- Infraphylum:
Moniliformopses
()
- Kenrick & Crane, 1997, Nom. Nud.
- Class:
Florideophyceae
()
- Cronquist Et Al.
- Order:
Ceramiales
()
- Link
- Family:
Dennstaedtiaceae
()
- J.p. Lotsy, 1909
- Genus:
Pteridium
()
- Gleditsch ex Scopoli, Fl. Carniol. 169. 1760.
- [Bracken ferns [Greek pteridion, a small fern]
- Specific epithet:
aquilinum
- (Linnaeus) Kuhn
- Subspecies:
atlanticum
- Botanical name: - Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn
- Subspecies:
atlanticum
- Specific epithet:
aquilinum
- (Linnaeus) Kuhn
- Genus:
Pteridium
(
- Family:
Dennstaedtiaceae
(
- Order:
Ceramiales
(
- Class:
Florideophyceae
(
- Infraphylum:
Moniliformopses
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Rhodophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Notes
Publishing author
: C.N.Page Publication
: Watsonia 17(4): 431 (1989) 1989An accepted name
in the RHS Horticultural Database.
Place of publication: O. Kersten, Reis. Ost-Afr. 3(3):11. 1879
Name
verified on 16-Oct-1987 by ARS Systematic Botanists. Last updated: 20-Nov-2002
Similar Species
Members of the genus Pteridium
There are approximately 80 species in this genus:
P. angustissimum · P. aquilijnum · P. aquilimum · P. aquilinium · P. aquilinum (Bracken) · P. aquilinum aquilinum · P. aquilinum atlanticum · P. aquilinum caudata · P. aquilinum caudatum · P. aquilinum decompositum (Bracken) · P. aquilinum esculentum · P. aquilinum f. arachnoidea · P. aquilinum f. decipiens · P. aquilinum f. pumila · P. aquilinum latiusculum · P. aquilinum Percristatum Group · P. aquilinum pseudocaudatum · P. aquilinum subsp. aquilinum · P. aquilinum subsp. atlanticum · P. aquilinum subsp. capense · P. aquilinum subsp. caudata · P. aquilinum subsp. centrali-africanum · P. aquilinum subsp. decompositum · P. aquilinum subsp. esculentum · P. aquilinum subsp. fulvum · P. aquilinum subsp. herediae · P. aquilinum subsp. japonicum · P. aquilinum subsp. latiusculum · P. aquilinum subsp. pinetorum · P. aquilinum subsp. pseudocaudatum · P. aquilinum subsp. typicum · P. aquilinum subsp. wightianum · P. aquilinum typicum · P. aquilinum var. champlainense (Champlain's Brackenfern) · P. aquilinum var. decompositum · P. aquilinum var. esculentum · P. aquilinum var. feei · P. aquilinum var. latiusculum (Western Brackenfern) · P. aquilinum var. pseudocaudatum (Western Brackenfern) · P. aquilinum var. pubescens (Bracken) · P. aquilinum var. wightianum · P. aquilinum var. yarrabense · P. aquilium · P. aquillinum · P. arachnoideum (Tropical Brackenfern) · P. atrum · P. baerii · P. bertrandii · P. capense · P. caudatum (Southern Brackenfern) · P. caudatum subsp. arachnoideum · P. caudatum subsp. yarrabense · P. centrali-africanum · P. corymbosa · P. decompositum · P. esculentum (Austral Bracken) · P. falcatum · P. feei · P. heredia · P. herediae · P. lanuginosum · P. latiusculum f. berdii · P. latiusculum subsp. pinetorum · P. latiusculum var. latiusculum · P. latiusculum var. verum · P. lineare · P. oeningense · P. pinetorum · P. pinetorum osmundaceum · P. pinetorum subsp. osmundaceum · P. proliferum · P. psittacinum · P. revolutum · P. rostratum · P. scalabazensis · P. semihastatum · P. spinulosum · P. tauricum · P. yarrabense · P. yunnanense
Bibliography
- Allan, H. H. B. et al. 1961–. Flora of New Zealand. (F NZeal)
- FNA Editorial Committee. 1993–. Flora of North America. (F NAmer) 202.
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- Mickel, J. T. & A. R. Smith. 2004. The pteridophytes of Mexico. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 88:1-1054. (Ferns Mexico)
- Munro, D. B. Canadian poisonous plants information system - on-line resource. (Can Poison Pl)
- PROTABASE, the information base of PROTA (Plant Resources of Tropical Africa) - on-line resource. (PROTABASE)
- Pemberton, R. W. & N. S. Lee. 1996. Wild food plants in South Korea; market presence, new crops, and exports to the United States. Econ. Bot. 50:63, 67.
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- Tryon, R. M. & A. F. Tryon. 1982. Ferns and allied plants with special reference to tropical America. (Ferns TAmer) 389. [Tryon & Tryon, Ferns & allied plants].
- Tryon, R. M. & R. G. Stolze. 1989–. Pteridophyta of Peru. Parts I-. Fieldiana, Botany new ser. (Ferns Peru) 22:105.
- Turrill, W. B. et al., eds. 1952–. Flora of tropical East Africa. (F TE Afr)
- Page, C. N. 1976. The taxonomy and phytogeography of bracken---A review. J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 73: 1--34.
- Perring, F. H. and B. G. Gardener, eds. 1976. The biology of bracken. [Symposium.] J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 73(1--3): i--vi, 1--302.
- Tryon, R. M. 1941. A revision of the genus Pteridium. Rhodora 43: 1--31, 37--67.
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Notes
Contributors
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2007. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Accessed March 28, 2007.
- USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (May 04, 2008)
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 10169798
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:17538880-1
- GRIN Nomen Number: 312948
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 1253863
