Interesting Facts
Description
Family Combretaceae
Trees
, shrubs
, or woody lianas, evergreen
or deciduous, rarely subherbaceous. Indumentum of simple
hairs
, glandular
hairs, or multicellular
hairs secreting calcium oxalate
and forming scales
or present beneath
cuticle and making leaf blade
surface verruculose
and sometimes translucent
dotted
. Leaves opposite, subopposite, whorled
, spiraled, or alternate, usually petiolate
, estipulate; petiole
sometimes persistent
and thornlike; leaf blade simple, margin
entire or subentire
, sometimes toothed
, glands
often present between crenations
of proximal
margin and at base
or on petiole. Inflorescences terminal
, axillary
, or extra-axillary
, spikes, branched spikes, racemes
, panicles, or sometimes capitula, bracteate
. Flowers usually regular, rarely slightly zygomorphic, usually bisexual
, sometimes bisexual and male flowers present in same inflorescence. Receptacle surrounding and adnate
to ovary and extended into a short or long calyx tube
dilated
distally (together termed "calyx tube" in this treatment) ; lobes
4 or 5(-8), valvate
in bud, persistent or deciduous, sometimes almost absent. Petals 4 or 5, inserted
near mouth
of calyx tube, imbricate or valvate in bud, conspicuous
or not, or absent. Stamens usually 2 × as many as calyx lobes in 2 series, inserted inside distal part of calyx tube, included
in or exserted from calyx tube; filaments
incurved
in bud; anthers
dorsifixed
, usually versatile, dehiscing longitudinally. Disk usually present, intrastaminal
, hairy
or glabrous
. Ovary inferior, 1-loculed; ovules 2(-6), pendulous, anatropous
, usually only 1 developing; style 1, simple, usually free
from distal part of calyx tube, subulate
to filiform
; stigma capitate or inconspicuous. Fruit a pseudocarp, very variable in shape
and size, fleshy
or dry, 1-seeded, usually indehiscent, often longitudinally 2-5-winged, -ridged, or -angled; endocarp not or at least partly sclerenchymatous
. Cotyledons convolute, folded, or twisted. Endosperm absent.
About 20 genera and ca.
500 species: widespread in tropics and subtropics; six genera and 20 species (one endemic) in China.
Tan et al.
(J. Plant. Res. 115: 475-481. 2002) inferred a phylogeny of the Chinese genera from nuclear
, plastid, and spacer
sequences based on 16 species in 19 samples
. The mangrove
genera Lumnitzera and Laguncularia Gaertner were placed as sister taxa in a clade sister to the other genera in China plus Conocarpus Linnaeus. The latter group comprised two clades: one with Conocarpus sister to an unresolved grouping of Terminalia and Anogeissus; the other with Getonia sister to Quisqualis and Combretum.[1]
Habitat
Biome: Terrestrial [2].
Taxonomy
- Domain:
Eukaryota
(
)
- Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- eukaryotes
- Kingdom:
Plantae
()
- Haeckel, 1866
- Plants
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
()
- Cavalier-Smith, 1981
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
()
- Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998
- Vascular Plants
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
()
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
()
- Kenrick & Crane, 1997
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
()
- Brongniart, 1843
- Dicotyledons
- Subclass:
Rosidae
()
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Superorder:
Myrtanae
()
- Takhtajan, 1967
- Order:
Myrtales
()
- Reichenbach, 1828
- Suborder:
Lythrineae
()
- Family:
Combretaceae
()
- R. Brown, 1810
- combretums
- Subfamily:
Combretoideae
()
- Tribe:
Combreteae
()
- Genus:
Pteleopsis
()
- Engler, 1894
- Specific epithet:
barbosae
- Exell
- Botanical name: - Pteleopsis barbosae Exell
- Specific epithet:
barbosae
- Exell
- Genus:
Pteleopsis
(
- Tribe:
Combreteae
(
- Subfamily:
Combretoideae
(
- Family:
Combretaceae
(
- Suborder:
Lythrineae
(
- Order:
Myrtales
(
- Superorder:
Myrtanae
(
- Subclass:
Rosidae
(
- Class:
Magnoliopsida
(
- Infraphylum:
Radiatopses
(
- Subphylum:
Euphyllophytina
(
- Phylum:
Tracheophyta
(
- Subkingdom:
Viridaeplantae
(
- Kingdom:
Plantae
(
Notes
Publishing author : Exell Publication : in Bol. Soc. Brot., Ser. 2, xlii. 28 (1968).
Similar Species
Members of the genus Pteleopsis
ZipcodeZoo has pages for 0 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:
More Info
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Further Reading
- 1997 IUCN red list of threatened plants Cambridge: IUCN, World Conservation Union, 1998 url p. 144.
- The World List of Threatened Trees WCMC, IUCN url p. 463.
- Hsu Ting-zhi. 1984. Combretaceae. In: Chen Cheih, ed., Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 53(1): 1-28.
Notes
Contributors
- Bandeira, S. 1998. Pteleopsis barbosae. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloadedon 04February2012.
- Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 16, 2012.
- IUCN 2012. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. . Downloaded on January 28, 2012.
Identifiers
- Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 7142398
- Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170852-1
- International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 170852-1
- IUCN ID: 237653
- Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 1020620
Footnotes
- Jie Chen & Nicholas J. Turland "Combretaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 13 Page 309. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
- Bandeira, S. 1998. Pteleopsis barbosae. In: IUCN 2011. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.2. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 04 February 2012. [back]
