Pouteria sapota

• Overview
• Interesting Facts
• Common Names
• Description
• Biology
• Taxonomy
• Similar Species
• More Info
• Further Reading
• Notes

Overview

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Click on the language to view common names.

Description

Family Sapotaceae

Trees or shrubs , usually producing latex. Leaves spirally arranged or alternate and distichous, rarely ± opposite, sometimes crowded at apex of branchlets ; stipules early deciduous or absent; leaf blade papery or leathery, margin entire. Flowers bisexual or unisexual , usually in sessile axillary clusters , rarely solitary; cluster pedunculate or in raceme-like inflorescence, bracteolate . Calyx a single whorl of usually 4--6 sepals, or 2 whorls each with 2--4 sepals. Corolla lobes as many to 2 X as many as sepals, usually entire, rarely with 2 lacerate or lobular appendages . Stamens inserted at corolla base or at throat of corolla tube , as many as and opposite corolla lobes to many and in 2 or 3 whorls; staminodes when present alternate with stamens, scaly to petal-like. Ovary superior, 4- or 5-locular, placentation axillary; ovules 1 per locule, anatropous . Style 1, often apically lobed . Fruit a berry or drupe, 1- to many-seeded. Seed coat brown (pale yellow in Pouteria annamensis), hard, shiny, rich in tannin; endosperm usually oily; seed scar lateral and linear to oblong or basal and round .

About 1100 species and 53 genera: pantropical ; 11 genera and 24 species (six endemic) in China.[1]

Genus Pouteria

Trees or shrubs . Branchlets glabrous or pubescent but glabrescent . Leaves usually alternate, not stipulate ; leaf blade papery to leathery, both surfaces usually pubescent when young but glabrescent when mature , sometimes abaxially glabrous and adaxially appressed pubescent, lateral veins conspicuous . Flowers in axillary clusters , sometimes with 2--4 bractlets . Sepals (4 or) 5(or 6), outside pubescent, inside glabrous or sericeous , early deciduous or persistent in fruit. Corolla tubular to campanulate , 4- or 5--8-lobed, appendages absent. Stamens (4 or) 5(--8), inserted in throat of corolla; staminodes less than 5 or 5--8, opposite sepals, lanceolate to subulate , sometimes scalelike to petal-like. Ovary conical , sometimes with cup-shaped disc at base , 5(or 6) -locular, ± villous . Fruit globose, glabrous or tomentose , sometimes setose ; pericarp thin to thick, sometimes very hard when dry. Seed coat shiny, scar oblong to broadly ovate , covering half to nearly whole surface of seed.

About 50 species: tropical areas, mostly in America; two species in China.[2]

Physical Description

Habitat

Typically found at an altitude of 0 to 3,028 meters (0 to 9,934 feet).[3]

Biology

Reproduction

Duration: Annual , Biennial

Growth

Culture: Space 30-40' apart.

Soil: Minimum pH: 5.6 • Maximum pH: 7.5

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full Sun .

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 10a, 10b, 11. (map)

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Bassia jussaei Griseb. • Calocarpum huastecanum Gilly • Calocarpum mammosum var. bonplandii (Kunth) Pierre • Calocarpum mammosum var. candollei (Pierre) Pierre • Calocarpum mammosum var. ovoideum (Pierre) Pierre • Calocarpum sapota (Jacq.) Merr. • Calospermum mammosum var. bonplandii (Kunth) Pierre • Calospermum mammosum var. candollei Pierre • Calospermum mammosum var. ovoidea Pierre • Calospermum parvum Pierre • Lucuma bonplandii Kunth • Sapota mammosa Mill. • Sideroxylon sapota Jacq.

Notes

Name Status: Accepted Name .

Last scrutiny: 11-Nov-2003

Similar Species

Members of the genus Pouteria

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 17 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

P. caimito (Abiu) · P. campechiana (Canistel) · P. dictyoneura (Cocuyo) · P. dictyoneura dictyoneura (Cocuyo) · P. dictyoneura fuertesii (Cocuyo) · P. dominigensis (Jacana) · P. dominigensis dominigensis (Jacana) · P. hotteana (Redmammee) · P. lucuma (Lucmo) · P. macrocarpa (Cutite Grande) · P. multiflora (Bullytree) · P. sapota (Mamey) · P. semecarpifolia (Contrevent) · P. valparadisaea (Lucumo) · P. villamilii (White Nato) · P. viride (Green Sapote) · P. viridis (Green Sapote)

More Info

• Search for Pictures: images.google.com
• Search for Scholarly Articles: Google Scholar
• Search using Scientific Name and Vernacular Names: All the Web | AltaVista Canada | AltaVista | Excite | Google | HotBot | Lycos
• Search using Specialized Databases: GenBank | Medline | Scirus | CISTI/CAL | Agricola Periodicals | Agricola Books

Further Reading

• Journal of ethnobiology. 17 1997 Flagstaff, Ariz.: Center for Western Studies, 1981- url p. 47.
• List of intercepted plant pests / United States Department of Agriculture, Plant Quarantine and Control Administration. [Washington, D.C.: U.S. G.P.O.], 1932- url p. 10, p. 102, p. 11, p. 111, p. 12, p. 148, p. 236, p. 237, p. 24, p. 266, p. 294, p. 298, p. 39, p. 47, p. 48, p. 68, p. 8, p. 90.
• The conservation and sustainable use of the crop genetic resources of Central America. A Darwin initiative funded project. Report on phase 1 WCMC url p. 20, p. 28.
• Li Shu-gang (as Lee Shu-kang). 1987. Sapotaceae. Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 60(1): 47-83.
• Li Shu-gang (as Lee Shu-kang). 1987. Sapotaceae. Fl. Reipubl. Popularis Sin. 60(1): 47-83.

Notes

Contributors

• Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 and ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-2007. Systema Naturae 2000. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Accessed March 24, 2007.
• Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 30, 2012.
• Carr, Gerald
• Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed March 01, 2008. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 3 providers.
• Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.
• The International Plant Names Index. Accessed Jan 19, 2007.
• USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 25, 2008)
• USDA, NRCS. 2005. The PLANTS Database, Version 3.5 (http://plants.usda.gov). National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA.
• World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Release date: November 27, 2009

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal March 01, 2008:

• Comisión nacional para el conocimiento y uso de la biodiversidad: Banco Nacional de Germoplasma Vegetal, México (BANGEV, UACH)
• Comisión nacional para el conocimiento y uso de la biodiversidad: Herbario del Instituto de Ecología, A.C., México (IE-XAL)
• Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad (Costa Rica): Biodiversidad de Costa Rica
• Missouri Botanical Garden

Identifiers

• Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2649296
• Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: Kew-164426
• Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:789172-1
• GRIN Nomen Number: 1303
• Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 23836
• MoBot NameID: 28700390
• U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: SISA9
• Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 19321

Footnotes

1. Shugang Li & T. D. Pennington "Sapotaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 15 Page 205. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
2. Shugang Li & T. D. Pennington "Pouteria". in Flora of China Vol. 15 Page 210. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
3. Mean = 271.340 meters (890.223 feet), Standard Deviation = 567.130 based on 67 observations. Altitude information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre. [back]

©2004-2012 David Stang. All rights reserved.