Portulaca pilosa (Chisme)

Overview

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Interesting Facts

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Common Names

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Click on the language to view common names.

Common Names in Chinese:

Mao Ma Chi Xian, Mao Ma Chia Xian

Common Names in English:

Chisme, Kiss Me Quick, Kiss-Me-Quick, Pink Purslane, Shaggy Portulaca

Common Names in Thai:

Saraphat Phit

Description

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Family Portulacaceae

Herbs annual or perennial , rarely ± shrubby, usually succulent, usually glabrous except for nodal hairs and/or scales . Leaves alternate or opposite; true stipules absent, nodes sometimes with axillary scales and/or hairs; petiole usually poorly defined or absent; leaf blade simple , usually fleshy , margin entire. Inflorescences usually terminal , less often axillary , in cymes or racemelike panicles, forming heads of sessile flowers surrounded by an involucre of leaves, or reduced to solitary flowers. Bracts inconspicuous. Flowers bisexual , very rarely unisexual , actinomorphic . Sepals 2, free or basally connate , herbaceous or scarious . Petals 4-6 or seldom more, distinct or basally connate, imbricate, often brightly colored , usually short lived. Disk usually absent. Stamens 4-100, free, fascicled, or adnate to petals; filaments linear ; anthers 2-loculed, introrse , dehiscence longitudinal . Ovary superior or half-inferior, 1-loculed, 2-5-carpellate; ovules 1 to many, campylotropous; placentation basal or free-central . Style linear; stigma 2-9-lobed. Fruit a thin-walled capsule, circumscissile or 2- or 3-valved, rarely a nut, often globose or subglobose, smooth . Seeds many, reniform or globose, caruncle present or not; endosperm mostly copious , surrounded by embryo.

About 19 genera and 500 species: mainly in more arid regions of S hemisphere, especially Africa, South America, and Australia, fewer species in Asia, Europe, and North America; two genera (one introduced ) and six species (two endemic, two introduced) in China.[1]

Genus Portulaca

Herbs, annual (perennial in P. suffrutescens). Roots tuberous , fleshy , fibrous , or small taproots . Stems erect to prostrate , branched, fleshy or suffrutescent ; trichomes in inflorescence or stem nodes absent or present, glabrous otherwise. Leaves alternate or subopposite, congested and involucrelike immediately proximal to inflorescence; blade terete , subterete, or flattened. Inflorescences terminal in clusters , or axillary on short branches. Flowers sessile or subsessile , usually open only in sunshine; sepals broadly clasping at base , herbaceous to scarious , falling from top of capsule; petals ephemeral , 5-7, usually distinct , margins usually entire; stamens (4-) 6-40(-100) ; ovary half inferior to inferior, plurilocular proximally to 1-locular distally, placentation free-central ; style 1, short, stigmas 3-8(-18). Capsules membranaceous , chartaceous , dehiscence circumscissile. Seeds many, brown to black or gray, reniform to cochleate; seed coat smooth or variously sculptured , granular to stellate-tuberculate or spiny . x = 4, 5, 8, 9.

Species 100-125: nearly worldwide, primarily tropical and subtropical , also temperate .[2]

Physical Description

Species Portulaca pilosa

Plants annual ; roots fibrous to slightly fleshy . Stems prostrate , suberect to erect , succulent; trichomes conspicuous at nodes and in inflorescence; branches 3-25 cm. Leaf blades linear to oblong-lanceolate, terete to hemispheric , 5-20 × 1-3 mm, apex acute; involucrelike leaves 6-9. Flowers 5-12 mm diam.; petals dark pink to purple, obovate , 3-5(-7) × 1.5-3 mm; stamens 5-12(-37) ; stigmas 3-5(-6). Capsules ovoid , 1.5-4.3 mm diam. Seeds black or leaden, orbiculate (0.4-) 0.5-0.6 mm diam.; surface cells loosely arranged, short-tuberculate and stellate to rounded-stellate; tubercles long or absent. 2n = 8, 16. Flowering late spring-early fall , year-round in s Fla. [source]

Portulaca pilosa is a highly variable species. It exhibits morphologic variability during development, with immature plants having wider (to 4 mm), longer , and flatter leaves than mature specimens. Mature leaves are narrower, shorter, and hemispheric or terete in cross section . The Linnaean drawing of the type specimen may be an immature plant. Morphologic variability also occurs in relation to habitat differences over the large geographic range of this species. Plants growing in dry habitats have the greatest density of hairs ; plants growing in moist habitats are less pilose . Plants with very dense hairs on old growth will, under more moist conditions, produce new growth with fewer hairs. Growth habit is also affected by habitat. Plants growing in warm, moist environments tend to branch quickly into a spreading habit, with erect growth following secondarily. Plants in cool, dry habitats grow erect first, then branch more slowly; the plant then has a compact habit. Specimens from Alabama, Arizona, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, New Mexico, and Texas exhibit all morphologic conditions. Those from Arkansas, Kansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma usually occur in shallow, sandy soils, often on rocky outcrops, and are often highly branched, compact, short, and not very pilose. [source]

Habit: Forb/herb

Flowers: Bloom Period: January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December. • Flower Color: magenta

Size/Age/Growth

Size: under 6" tall.

Habitat

Dry soils, beaches, disturbed habitats , roadsides and railroads on limestone, granitic, and sandstone outcrops; 0-2000 m [3].

Biology

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Reproduction

Duration: Annual , Perennial

Growth

Culture: Space 6-9" apart.

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Full Sun .

Moisture: Drought Tolerance: High

Taxonomy

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Domain: Eukaryota () - Whittaker & Margulis,1978 - eukaryotes
- Kingdom: Plantae () - Haeckel, 1866 - Plants
  - Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae () - Cavalier-Smith, 1981
    - Phylum: Tracheophyta () - Sinnott, 1935 ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - Vascular Plants
      - Subphylum: Euphyllophytina ()
        Infraphylum: Radiatopses () - Kenrick & Crane, 1997
        Class: Spermatopsida () - Brongniart, 1843
        Subclass: Caryophyllidae () - Takhtajan, 1967
        Superorder: Caryophyllanae () - Takhtajan, 1967
        Order: Caryophyllales () - Perleb, 1826
        Suborder: Portulacineae ()
        Family: Portulacaceae () - Adanson, 1763 ex A.L. de Jussieu, 1789, nom. cons. - pourpiers, purslane
        Genus: Portulaca () - C. Linnaeus, 1753 - Purslane [Latin portula, little door, in reference to the lid of the capsule]
        Specific epithet: pilosa - L.
        Botanical name: - Portulaca pilosa L.

Synonyms

Portulaca cyanosperma Engl. • Portulaca mundula I. M. Johnston

Notes

Publishing author : L. Publication : Sp. Pl. 1: 445 1753 [1 May 1753]

Similar Species

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Members of the genus Portulaca

ZipcodeZoo has pages for 64 species, subspecies, varieties, forms, and cultivars in this genus:

More Info

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Notes

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Contributors

Bisby, F.A., Y.R. Roskov, M.A. Ruggiero, T.M. Orrell, L.E. Paglinawan, P.W. Brewer, N. Bailly, J. van Hertum, eds (2007). Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2007 Annual Checklist. Species 2000: Reading, U.K.
Brands, S.J. (comp.) 1989-present. The Taxonomicon. Universal Taxonomic Services, Zwaag, The Netherlands. Accessed January 15, 2012.
Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Accessed November 22, 2007. http://www.gbif.org Mediated distribution data from 23 providers.
"Portulaca pilosa". in Flora of North America Vol. 4 Page 496, 497, 498, 499, 500, 501. Published by Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org.
Ruggiero M., Gordon D., Bailly N., Kirk P., Nicolson D. (2011). The Catalogue of Life Taxonomic Classification, Edition 2, Part A. In: Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life: 2011 Annual Checklist (Bisby F.A., Roskov Y.R., Orrell T.M., Nicolson D., Paglinawan L.E., Bailly N., Kirk P.M., Bourgoin T., Baillargeon G., Ouvrard D., eds). DVD; Species 2000: Reading, UK.
The International Plant Names Index. Accessed Dec 27, 2011.
USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL (April 30, 2008)

Data Sources

Accessed through GBIF Data Portal November 22, 2007:

Australian National Herbarium
, Australian National Herbarium
Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum, Bishop Museum Natural History Specimen Data
Herbarium of the University of Aarhus, The AAU Herbarium Database
Herbier de la Guyane, Herbier de la Guyane
Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad
, Biodiversidad de Costa Rica
Missouri Botanical Garden, Missouri Botanical Garden
National Herbarium of New South Wales, NSW herbarium collection
National Herbarium of New South Wales, Plants of Papua New Guinea
School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Arizona State University Vascular Plant Herbarium
SysTax, Herbarium Universitat Ulm
SysTax, SysTax
Taiwan Biodiversity Information Facility, Magnoliophyta
USDA PLANTS, USDA PLANTS Database
University of Alabama Biodiversity and Systematics, Herbarium

Identifiers

Biodiversity Heritage Library NamebankID: 2646680
Catalogue of Life Accepted Name Code: ITS-20425
Global Biodiversity Information Facility Taxonkey: 13739251
Globally Unique Identifier: urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:699320-1
GRIN Nomen Number: 417552
Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) Taxonomic Serial Number (TSN): 20425
International Plant Names Index (IPNI) ID: 316354-2
U.S.D.A. Plant Symbol: POMU2
Zipcode Zoo Species Identifier: 57810

Footnotes

Dequan Lu & Michael G. Gilbert "Portulacaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 5 Page 442. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
James F. Matthews "Portulaca". in Flora of North America Vol. 4 Page 457, 458, 496. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]
"Portulaca pilosa". in Flora of North America Vol. 4 Page 496, 497, 498, 499, 500, 501. Oxford University Press. Online at EFloras.org. [back]

Portulaca pilosa

Overview

Interesting Facts

Common Names

Description

Family Portulacaceae

Genus Portulaca

Physical Description

Species Portulaca pilosa

Size/Age/Growth

Habitat

Biology

Reproduction

Growth

Taxonomy

Synonyms

Notes

Similar Species

Members of the genus Portulaca

More Info

Further Reading

Notes

Contributors

Data Sources

Identifiers

Footnotes