Pollia japonica (Yabumyoga)

Common Names

Common Names in English:

Yabumyoga

Description

Family Commelinaceae

Herbs annual or perennial , sometimes woody at base . Stems with prominent nodes and internodes. Leaves alternate, distichous or spirally arranged , sessile or petiolate ; leaf sheath prominent, open or closed ; leaf blade simple , entire . Inflorescence usually of cincinni in panicles or solitary, sometimes shortened into heads , sometimes sessile with flowers fascicled, sometimes axillary and penetrating enveloping leaf sheath, rarely flowers solitary and terminal or axillary. Flowers bisexual , rarely unisexual , actinomorphic or zygomorphic. Sepals 3, free or connate only at base, often boat-shaped or carinate , sometimes galeate at apex. Petals (2 or) 3, free, sometimes connate and tubular at middle and free at 2 ends ( Cyanotis), sometimes clawed. Stamens 6, free, all or only 2 or 3 fertile ; filaments glabrous or torulose villous ; anthers parallel or slightly divergent, longitudinally dehiscent , rarely dehiscent by apical pores ; staminodes 1--3; antherodes 4-lobed and butterflylike, 3-sect, 2-lobed and dumbbell-shaped, or entire. Ovary 3-loculed, or reduced to 2-loculed; ovules 1 to several per locule, orthotropous . Fruit a loculicidal, 2- or 3-valved capsule, rarely baccate and indehiscent. Seeds few, large; endosperm copious ; hilum orbicular or linear .

About 40 genera and 650 species: mainly in tropical regions , fewer species in subtropical and temperate regions ; 15 genera (two introduced ) and 59 species (12 endemic, three introduced) in China.Deyuan Hong & Robert A. DeFilipps "Commelinaceae". in Flora of China Vol. 24 Page 19. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.

Genus Pollia

Herbs perennial . Rhizomes horizontal, long. Stems erect or ascending , usually simple . Leaves alternate. Panicles terminal ; cincinni with several flowers, proximal involucral bracts nearly leaflike, distal ones small; bracts enveloping inflorescence axis , membranous. Flowers actinomorphic . Sepals free , shallowly boat-shaped , often enlarging and persistent in fruit. Petals free, white, blue, purple, or greenish yellow, sometimes spotted, ovate-elliptic, ovate-orbicular, or obovate , sometimes clawed. Stamens 6, all fertile , equal or 3 smaller, or only anterior 3 fertile; filaments glabrous ; anther locules oblong , longitudinally dehiscent ; antherodes deltoid-lanceolate or sagittate . Ovary 3-loculed; ovules (1--) 5--10 per locule. Fruit baccate, globose , 3-valved, indehiscent. Seeds (1--) 5--8 per valve, purplish gray, polygonal, slightly flattened; hilum orbicular .

About 17 species: tropical , subtropical , and warm-temperate regions of the E hemisphere; eight species (one endemic) in China.Deyuan Hong & Robert A. DeFilipps "Pollia". in Flora of China Vol. 24 Page 32. Published by Science Press (Beijing) and Missouri Botanical Garden Press. Online at EFloras.org.

Physical Description

Habit: Deciduous.

Flowers: Bloom Period: July, August. • Flower Color: cream, near white, tan, white

Size/Age/Growth

Size: 24-36" tall.

Habitat

Typically found in the intertidal zone at the water's edge at a mean distance from sea level of 317 meters (1,040 feet).Standard Deviation = 595.100 based on 34 observations. Terrestrial altitude and ocean depth information for each observation from British Oceanographic Data Centre.

Biology

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Growth

Culture: Space 24-36" apart.

Sunlight: Sun Exposure: Partial to Full Shade.

Temperature: Cold Hardiness: 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b, 7a, 7b, 8a, 8b. (map)

Taxonomy

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Domain: Eukaryota () - Whittaker & Margulis,1978
- Kingdom: Plantae () - Haeckel, 1866 - Plants
  - Subkingdom: Viridaeplantae () - Cavalier-Smith, 1981
    - Phylum: Tracheophyta () - Sinnott, 1935 Ex Cavalier-Smith, 1998 - Vascular Plants
      - Subphylum: Euphyllophytina ()
        Infraphylum: Radiatopses () - Kenrick & Crane, 1997
        Class: Liliopsida () - Scopoli, 1760
        Subclass: Commelinidae () - Takhtajan, 1967
        Superorder: Commelinanae () - Takhtajan, 1967
        Order: Commelinales () - Dumortier, 1829
        Family: Commelinaceae () - R. Brown, 1810 - Spiderwort Family
        Genus: Pollia () - Thunberg, Nov. Gen. Pl. 1: 11. 1781.
        Specific epithet: japonica - Thunb.
        Botanical name: - Pollia japonica Thunb.